Near‐infrared‐active and pH‐responsive fluorescent polymer‐integrated hybrid graphene oxide nanoparticles for the detection and treatment of cancer

Hybrid nanoparticles for theragnosis have great potentiality to bring desire functionalities in one integrated system. The development of bioimaging guided photothermal therapy (PTT) is pivotal in optimizing cytotoxic cancer therapy. We report near‐infrared (NIR)‐active and pH‐responsive fluorescent, catechol‐conjugated, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)‐anchored hybrid nanoparticles that can sharply increase the photothermal heat in response to NIR exposure and exhibit pH‐dependent fluorescence emission for the detection of tumor areas without causing cell toxicity. The optoelectronic absorption property of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) [PEDOT]:dopamine‐conjugated poly(4‐styrenesulfonate‐co‐maleic acid) [D‐PSM] and 3′,4′‐dihydroxyacetophenone/boron‐dipyrromethene [CCDP/BODIPY]‐quaternized polyethylene glycol grafted poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (C/B‐PgP) present in this hybrid nanoparticles resulted in efficient photothermal conversion with pH‐tunable fluorescence that exerted sufficient photothermal cytotoxicity to cancer cells. The in vitro cellular uptake was measured by confocal laser scanning microscopy, allowing the therapeutic efficiency and bioimaging effects to be explored. We expect that the broad optical absorption property of PEDOT:D‐PSM with BODIPY‐conjugated polymers on rGO sheets would get tremendous attraction in this enormous rising PTT with cancer detectable biomarker. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43791.     

磷酸八钙的制备方法与应用

磷酸八钙是骨、齿的主要成分之一,是羟基磷灰石的重要前驱体,具有良好的生物相容性和生物活性,是较好的骨替换材料。本文综述了磷酸八钙合成研究的最新进展,重点介绍和评述了磷酸八钙的合成与制备方法,分析了各种制备方法的特点,并对其在生物医用材料方面的应用进行了阐述。     

The Effect of Antibacterial Particle Incorporation on the Mechanical Properties,Biodegradability, and Biocompatibility of PLA and PHBV Composites

The composites based on polylactide (PLA) and poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with the addition of antibacterial particles: silver (Ag) and copper oxide (CuO) are characterized. Basic mechanical properties and biodegradation processes, as well as biocompatibility of materials with human cells are determined. The addition of Ag or CuO to the polymers do not significantly affect their mechanical properties, flammability, or biodegradation rate. However, several differences between the base materials are observed. PLA‐based composites have higher tensile and impact strength values, while PHBV‐based ones have a higher modulus of elasticity, as well as better mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. Concerning biocompatibility, each of the tested materials support the growth of fibroblasts over time, although large differences are observed in the initial cell attachment. The analysis of hydrolytic degradation effects on the structure of materials shows that PHBV degrades much faster than PLA. The results of this study confirm the good potential of the investigated biodegradable polymer composites with antibacterial particles for future biomedical applications.     

Tailoring new bisphenol a ethoxylated shape memory polyurethanes

Shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) have generated great attention because of their unique properties. These properties are result of a particular molecular structure consisting of flexible molecular chains with low glass transition temperatures alternating with hard urethane segments. In this field, bisphenol A (BA) has been used for a long time as chain extender due to the good properties of the obtained SPMU materials. Nevertheless, the high toxicity of this compound has caused a high decrease on its use. For this reason, it has been selected a lower toxicity compound, bisphenol A ethoxylate (BAE). In this work, it is described a new SMPUs based on BAE and the influence of the hard segment on the thermo-mechanical properties and shape memory capacity. For that, both the proportion of the components and the diisocyanate employed (2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4′-methylene bis(phenylisocyanate) (MDI) or a TDI/MDI mixture) have been modified. Then, depending on the molecular architecture achieved, the polyurethanes present different properties, which were studied by different techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). It has been observed that glass transition temperature (T_g) increases as the hard phase content in the PU samples increases. In addition, T_g-MDI > T_g-MDI-TDI > T_g-TDI, so it is possible to control the T_g of the material, that is, shape memory transition temperature varying the diisocyanate. Finally, the shape memory capacity of the PUs was evaluated by thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA). All the synthesized PUs have shown good shape memory effect with fixation ratios up to 80% and recovery ratios close to 100%.     

CA-P/AZ31B镁合金的生物相溶性研究

将具有磷酸钙(CA-P)表面涂层的AZ31B镁合金植入家兔的骨髂和肌肉组织间,观察了体内CA-P/AZ31B合金周围骨骼、肌肉组织的炎性反应,以及CA-P/AZ31B合金的微观结构,评价了CA-P/AZ31B合金的细胞毒性作用及溶血性.结果表明,CA-P涂层可有效地延缓AZ31B镁合金降解产物的释放速度,增加合金的表面粗糙度,减轻合金在体内诱导的组织炎性反应,显著降低合金的溶血率.CA-P/AZ31B合金具有良好的生物相容性,有望成为新一代可降解生物医学材料.     

钛合金表面织构化与构建生物活性涂层的研究进展

医用钛合金作为临时基质的植入材料对周围新组织的生长具有特殊的诱导作用。针对椎弓根螺钉固定系统对钛合金基材表面机械性能和生物活性的共同需求,表面织构与生物活性涂层对钛合金表面的改性展示出独特的优越性。文中详细介绍了钛合金表面织构化对其摩擦学性能和生物相容性的影响,以及构建生物活性涂层的种类;总结了钛合金表面织构的作用机理,生物活性涂层的改善机制,阐述了表面织构化与构建生物活性涂层各自的局限性,并指出钛合金作为生物医用材料仍需要解决的问题及未来的研究趋势。     

Y_2O_3对激光熔覆钛基复合涂层生物性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在Ti-6Al-4V基材表面制备了生物陶瓷复合涂层。利用急性毒性实验、动物体内埋植实验以及体外细胞培养实验对钛基生物陶瓷复合涂层的生物性能进行了研究。结果表明:添加0.6%(质量分数)Y_2O_3的预置粉末和激光熔覆后的生物陶瓷涂层均无明显的急性毒性反应;动物体内分别埋植45、180 d后,与未添加稀土氧化物的复合涂层相比较,添加0.6%Y_2O_3的激光熔覆生物陶瓷复合涂层具有更好的骨小梁生成能力,且细胞在其表面生长良好;添加0.6%Y_2O_3的激光熔覆生物陶瓷复合涂层具备良好的生物相容性。     

医用镁及镁合金表面可生物降解有机高分子涂层的应用

近年来,镁及镁合金由于其生物可降解性和良好的生物相容性,在医疗器械领域的应用获得了迅速的发展,然而过快的降解速率限制了其在临床上的应用。可生物降解有机高分子涂层是一种降低镁及镁合金降解速率的有效表面改性方法,同时还可赋予镁及镁合金医疗器械多种功能性。首先综述了可降解有机高分子涂层对镁及镁合金耐腐蚀性能和生物相容性的影响。可降解聚合物涂层能阻碍腐蚀性介质与基体的接触,从而延长其降解时间。而涂层对基体的保护提供了碱性较弱的环境,更利于细胞的生长增殖;同时涂层随着基体一起降解,可降低聚合物长期存在生物体内可能引发炎症反应的风险。此外,对聚合物涂层在骨科以及心血管支架领域的应用以及进展进行了综述。一方面,可降解聚合物涂层能显著延长镁及镁合金在生物体内的作用时间;另一方面,涂层可以作为载体材料通过携带具有不同功能的试剂或者药物实现医疗器械的功能化,如促进骨愈合和药物的可控释放。因此,可降解聚合物涂层在镁和镁合金器械领域必将起到无可替代的作用。     

磷酸钙骨水泥的生物相容性

磷酸钙（α-TCP/TTCP）复合骨水泥具有良好的水硬性能，与固化液按固液比为1.50g/mL拌和后，凝固时间可调，抗压强度达45．36MPa，其水化产物为羟基磷灰石（HAP）。通过体外模拟溶解实验表明，α-TCP/TTCP骨水泥具有一定的溶解性能，通过体外实验，动物实验，结合SEM和EPMA观察表明α-TCP/TTCP骨水泥不会产生全身或局部毒性反应，对肌肉无刺激，不致溶血，凝血，不引起炎症和排斥反应等，有利于骨组织长入并与骨组织紧密接触。α-TCP/TTCP骨水泥在动物体内可继续水化硬化，且随着植入时间的延长，材料与缩主骨完全融合在一起，α-TCP/TTCP骨水泥具有优良的生物相容性和生物活性，具有一定的降解性能和较好的成骨作用，适合于作为骨缺损的填充材料。     

新型表面活性剂柠檬酸单酯的溶液性能研究及其在凝胶油中的应用

凝胶油不仅在功能食品中得到广泛应用,而且在药物制剂、化妆品领域也有重要应用前景。本文通过直接酯化法合成了两种柠檬酸单酯,并对其作为凝胶因子性能进行了研究。利用表面张力仪、电导率仪以及动态光散射仪等方法对两种柠檬酸酯的溶液聚集行为和胶束形成热力学进行了分析。结果表明,25℃下,柠檬酸月桂醇单酯和柠檬酸异癸醇单酯的临界胶束浓度分别为3.30mmol/L和6.40 mmol/L。同时,研究了离子强度对胶束形成过程的影响,结果表明,无机盐不仅影响胶束聚集数,而且使得柠檬酸异癸醇单酯的胶束尺寸降低约100 nm,柠檬酸月桂醇单酯的胶束尺寸降低约200 nm。凝胶油性能研究结果表明,最低凝胶浓度为7%,溶胶-凝胶转变温度为45~53℃之间,两种柠檬酸酯均能与植物油形成凝胶。生物相容性研究结果表明,两种柠檬酸酯在浓度为200mg/L时对微生物生长没有显著影响,具有良好的生物相容性。