基于氮气辅助一步溶液法的高质量钙钛矿太阳能电池光吸收层研制

有机无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池因其可调节的带隙、高吸收系数、宽吸收光谱、高载流子迁移率和长电荷扩散长度而被公认为是光伏领域的新希望。然而,采用一步溶液法所制备CH3 NH3 PbI3光吸收层薄膜为树枝状结晶,膜层覆盖率低,大大限制了光电转换效率的进一步提升。本文将氮气引入一步溶液法,通过发挥辅助结晶作用,获得了晶粒均匀且致密的钙钛矿薄膜,并显著提高了钙钛矿太阳能电池的光电转换效率。此外,系统研究了氮气起始时间、气体压强等因素对钙钛矿光吸收层表面形貌及太阳能电池光电转换效率的影响,实验证明氮气起始时间在2~5 s,氮气压强在0.4~0.8 MPa的宽操作窗口范围内,均可制备高质量CH3 NH3 PbI3光吸收层薄膜。     

浅析通信建筑中玻璃幕墙的节能

在分析热对流、传导和辐射等热力学传导要素的基础上,介绍了中空玻璃、真空玻璃、吸热玻璃、热反射镀膜玻璃、低辐射镀膜玻璃、智能幕墙层等的节能效果,最后给出了玻璃幕墙上窗的结构形式及选材.     

In-Flight Synthesis of Core–Shell Mg/Si–SiOx Particles with Greatly Reduced Ignition Temperature

Magnesium is a promising candidate as a solid fuel for energetic applications, however, the diffusion-controlled oxidation mechanism impedes its reaction with an oxidizer, often resulting in diminished performance. In this study, non-thermal plasma processing is implemented to modify the surface of magnesium nanoparticles with silicon in-flight, in the gas-phase to enhance the rate of interfacial reactions and tune the ignition pathways. Allowing the silicon coating to partially oxidize provides direct contact between the fuel and oxidizer, resulting in a nanostructured thermite system at the single particle level. The proximal distance between oxidizer and fuel directly impacts the ignition temperature and, therefore, the combustion kinetics. An intermetallic reaction occurs within the magnesium/silicon system to supplement the heating of the magnesium fuel to initiate its reaction with the oxidizer, resulting in highly reduced ignition thresholds. The ignition temperature is lowered significantly from ≈740 °C for magnesium particles with a native oxide layer to ≈520 °C for particles coated via the in-flight plasma process.     

机械合金化制备表面涂层的力学响应机制数值模拟

以机械合金化法制备金属表面功能涂层这一新型工艺为主要实验背景,通过有限元数值模拟研究在球磨制备涂层的过程中,涂层与基体的界面形貌形成及演变过程,讨论不同工艺参数对界面形貌的影响,进而分析球磨的工艺参数对涂层的制备效果、涂层与基体结合性能的影响。研究不同的球磨参数下,基体材料的残余应力分布和等效塑性应变分布,分析其对基体材料力学性能的影响,并且对该力学响应过程中的热效应进行了数值分析。     

镁合金微弧氧化膜表面层与致密层界面组织的研究

研究镁合金微弧氧化膜的表面层与致密层界面处的组织形态。在磷酸盐碱性电解液(5～20g/LNaH2PO4,1～5g/LNaOH,5～8g/LKF,0.5～2g/LNa3C6H5O7,0.5～2g/LEDTA)中,以AZ91镁合金为基体制备出微弧氧化陶瓷薄膜,制备时采用恒电流控制模式,电流密度为10～30A/dm2。采用透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究氧化薄膜界面及附近区域的微观结构。结果表明:微弧氧化膜的表面层靠近表面层与致密层界面处的组织以微晶和纳米晶为主,含有少量非晶态物质;微弧氧化膜的表面层与致密层界面处的组织以非晶态物质为主;微弧氧化膜的致密层靠近表面层与致密层界面处的组织为混晶组织,主要为MgO晶粒,少量为MgAlO4晶粒,并含有少量非晶态物质。     

AMOLED大尺寸化面临的技术挑战

文章综述了目前大尺寸AMOLED面临的技术挑战,尤其是像素制作工艺。并详细介绍了各彩色化技术包括FMM蒸镀、激光转印及溶液涂布的优劣势,针对目前各工艺存在的主要问题,介绍了国外有代表性的公司的解决方案。     

HMDS预处理系统

讲述了HMDS预处理工艺过程,HMDS预处理系统的优越性及该系统的工作原理与结构。     

Stable Zinc Metal Anodes with Textured Crystal Faces and Functional Zinc Compound Coatings

The uneven electrodeposition and inferior corrosion resistance are the fundamental obstacles to achieve stable Zn metal anodes. The features of the electrode surface/interface are closely correlated with the properties. Herein, the Zn surface with more exposed (002)_Zn planes is modified through a simple acid-etching approach. The in situ generated zinc compounds form an interface layer with strong adhesion to the Zn electrode, which can enhance the Zn²⁺ ion kinetics and regulate the deposition/dissolution behaviors. A variety of acids with functional cations are selected, among which the phosphoric acid etches the Zn with a higher extent of texturing and generates a more compact layer. The obtained zinc phosphate@Zn electrode enables stable cycling and fast kinetics in symmetrical and full Zn metal batteries. This study provides a new example of combined surface and interface modification toward high-performance aqueous zinc metal anodes.     

激光熔覆镍包纳米氧化铝

进行了2Cr13不锈钢表面激光熔覆镍包纳米氧化铝的实验。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线能量色散谱仪(EDAX)、显微硬度仪等设备检测了涂层表面、横截面的显微组织和涂层的硬度、耐磨损等性能,分析了加入纳米氧化铝粒子后对涂层组织和性能的影响。研究结果表明,激光熔覆可获得致密的Fe-Ni(Cr)合金和Al2O3粒子复合涂层。其中,纳米氧化铝粒子弥散分布在微细合金晶粒之间,并与合金晶粒一起形成了胞状树枝晶结构。纳米氧化铝粒子的加入增加了基质金属的成核率,起到了细晶强化以及弥散强化的作用,使得复合涂层的机械性能大幅度提高。复合涂层的平均硬度为700HV0.2,比基体提高了1.5倍,耐磨损性能比淬火态基体提高了1.25倍。