硬质合金堆焊层经热处理后的耐磨性研究

对B、C、N共渗层、碳化钨型硬质合金(D707)堆焊层、高碳高铬铸铁型硬质合金(D618)堆焊层等几种不同表面处理工艺,经相应热处理后的腐蚀磨损性能进行了研究。结果表明,两种硬质合金堆焊层经850 ℃空冷、850±5 ℃油淬+400 ℃回火后,均具有较高的硬度和优异的耐腐蚀磨损性能,且简化了表面处理工艺。     

稀盐酸中锰结核还原浸出溶液净化除铁

针对酸性氯化物中黄铁矿还原浸出锰结核的溶液成分特点，选择黄钠铁矾法进行了沉淀分离铁的研究。结果表明温度和晶种以及溶液ｐＨ值是影响铁矾沉淀的重要因素。在ｐＨ２．０左右，溶液温度高于９０℃，足量晶种加入的情形下，１５０ｍｉｎ后可将溶液中的铁含量降至０．１ｇ／Ｌ。沉矾过程的表观活化能为９４．６６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。黄铁矿氧化生成的硫酸根随铁一同沉淀，从而消除了ＳＯ２－４在氯化物体系中的积累。     

Characterization of plasma sprayed Fe-17Cr-38Mo-4C amorphous coatings crystallizing at extremely high temperature

A Fe-17Cr-38Mo-4C alloy powder was plasma sprayed by three processes: an 80 kW low-pressure plasma spray (LPPS), a 250 kW high-energy plasma spray (HPS), and a 40 kW conventional plasma spray (APS). The as-sprayed coating obtained by the LPPS process is composed of only amorphous phase. As-sprayed coatings obtained by the HPS and APS processes are a mixture of amorphous and crystalline phases. The three as-sprayed coatings exhibit a high hardness of 1000 to 1100 DPN. The amorphous phase in these coatings crystallizes at a high temperature of about 920 K. A very fine structure composed of hard ϰ-phase and carbides is formed after crystallization. The hardness of the coating obtained by LPPS reaches a maximum of 1450 DPN just after crystallization on tempering and retains a high hardness more than 1300 DPN after tempering at high temperatures of 1173 or 1273 K. The corrosion potential of the amorphous coating is the highest among the three coatings and higher than that of a SUS316L stainless steel coating. The anodic polarization measurements infer that the corrosion resistance of the amorphous coating is superior or comparable to SUS316L stainless steel coating in H₂SO₄ solution.     

复合变质剂对中铬铸铁组织和性能的影响

探讨了在相同试验条件下，变质剂种类及其加入量对中铬铸铁组织和性能的影响。结果表明，由低碳铬铁和稀土硅铁组成的复合变质剂的变质效果最佳，变质后可获得高硬度、高韧性和高耐磨性的中铬铸铁；低碳铬铁和稀土硅铁的变质效果次之。     

冷却速度对低铬钒钛白口铸铁组织和性能的影响

试验表明，冷却速度增大,使奥氏体的一次二次枝晶间距缩小，断口形貌改善；并且可使材质的综合力学性能，特别是韧性明显提高。     

呋喃树脂砂型球铁铸件异常组织分析

采用呋喃树脂砂型铸造球铁件时，由于树脂和硬化剂分解产生的C,S渗入铁液使铸件表层局部区域形成大量密集的细片状和点状过冷石墨，这些区域加工表面上呈灰暗色。在容易产生这种缺陷的部位设置冷铁．使该部位不与树脂砂接触，因而能避免上述缺陷产生。     

铁精矿粒度对球团强度的影响

以大红山、曼南坎和滇滩等精矿的粒度以及膨润土用量和润磨时间为因子,以生球落下强度、生球爆裂温度、预热球抗压强度和焙烧球抗压强度为评价指标,进行了五因子二次回归组合实验研究。结果表明:随着铁精矿小于0.074mm粒级含量的增加,生球爆裂温度下降,预热球和焙烧球抗压强度提高;当铁精矿小于0.074mm粒级含量小于75%(质量分数)时,生球落下强度逐渐上升,当小于0.074mm粒级含量为75%时,生球落下强度达到最大值,之后有下降趋势。并不是铁精矿粒度越细球团强度就会越好,铁精矿粒度还应该满足一个合适的粒度组成。     

定向凝固高铬铸铁Cr28的组织和腐蚀磨损性能

研究了定向凝固工艺制备的高铬铸铁Cr28的组织和性能,并将其与普通砂型铸造制备的高铬铸铁Cr28及Cr15Mo3进行比较。结果表明:本实验中所采用的简易定向凝固工艺能够实现高铬铸铁碳化物的定向排列,且与激冷面距离不同处,碳化物形态、分布和平均间距不同;在高温热强碱冲蚀磨损实验中,垂直于磨损面定向排列且分布较均匀的碳化物能使定向凝固高铬铸铁具有更好的耐磨蚀性能,碳化物平均间距λ在16~17μm之间时其耐磨蚀性能最佳;相对硬度而言,定向凝固得到的定向排列的碳化物对材料耐磨蚀性的影响更为突出。     

低碳铸铁增碳技术

介绍了增碳剂在铁液中溶解的机理和目前主要采用的投入法和喷粉法增碳工艺。影响增碳剂吸收率的因素有增碳剂粒度和加入量、铁液温度、搅拌时间以及铁液化学成分。增碳后可使铸铁组织改善、性能明显提高。目前在 内，对在反射炉内熔化铸铁时炉内无法增碳，包内增碳又有温降、收得率要求高的困难等问题，有待研究解决。     

The application of thermal sprayed coatings for pig iron ingot molds

Molds made of gray cast iron for casting pig iron ingots are subjected to severe temperature fluctuations. The main life- limiting factor for mold damage is the formation of surface cracks arising from thermal fa-tigue. Various flame and plasma sprayed coatings were investigated to extend the life of these molds. Coating materials studied include plasma sprayed ceramic coatings with bond coats as well as flame sprayed oxidation- resistant alloy powders. The results of cyclic furnace tests from room temperature to 1100 °C in air, simulating the thermal cycle in casting, indicated that failure occurred along the interface between the bond coat and the gray iron substrate because of iron oxidation, and not at the interface between the ceramic top coat-ing and the bond coating for a superalloy substrate. The field test results indicated that plasma sprayed alumina coatings with 200 μm top coating thickness are the most promising materials for pig iron casting.