在交通预测中应用TRIPS软件对交通小区问题的处理研究

分析了在进行公路网规划的交通需求预测时,以行政区为单位的小区划分方法在交通量预分配与核查线调查流量存在较大偏差的原因.结合传统四阶段交通预测法提出二级分区的交通小区划分方法.给出根据此划分方法并应用TRIPS软件进行公路交通量预测的总体流程图,以及所需建立的两个主要模块,即交通分布模块和分配模块.还总结了建立抽象路网时如何合理选择小区中心点位置,以及建立小区中心联线时应该避免的几种不当方法.结合济南市干线公路网规划项目,给出一个交通小区抽象路网例图.     

文本文档水印质心检测方法的改进

对Brassil等的文本水印质心检测方法作了改进，通过模拟扩展初始文本行，综合应用再生文本行轮廓和初始文本行轮廓信息构造了一个再生模拟文本行质心序列，证明了该序列依概率收敛于初始文本行质心。实验结果表明改进后的检测方法在处理含有短行的文本文档水印时较之与Brassil方法，误检概率可减少一半，因此用行移编码嵌入水印时可不受文本行长度限制，提高了文档水印容量。     

评价松质骨状况的一种背散射频谱方法

采用超声背散射信号的质心偏移量来评价松质骨,并对牛胫骨和人体跟骨中背散射信号的质心偏移量与松质骨表观密度的关系,以及人体跟骨松质骨中背散射信号频谱质心位置与年龄的关系进行了分析讨论。分析结果表明,随松质骨表观密度的增大,背散射信号频谱的质心向低频方向移动;随年龄的增大,质心位置越接近于发射超声的中心频率。根据超声背散射信号质心偏移量的大小,可用于评价松质骨健康状况。     

Composite Distance Transformation for Indexing and k-Nearest-Neighbor Searching in High-Dimensional Spaces

Due to the famous dimensionality curse problem, search in a high-dimensional space is considered as a ＂hard＂ problem. In this paper, a novel composite distance transformation method, which is called CDT, is proposed to support a fast κ-nearest-neighbor （κ-NN） search in high-dimensional spaces. In CDT, all （n） data points are first grouped into some clusters by a κ-Means clustering algorithm. Then a composite distance key of each data point is computed. Finally, these index keys of such n data points are inserted by a partition-based B^＋-tree. Thus, given a query point, its κ-NN search in high-dimensional spaces is transformed into the search in the single dimensional space with the aid of CDT index. Extensive performance studies are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed scheme. Our results show that this method outperforms the state-of-the-art high-dimensional search techniques, such as the X-Tree, VA-file, iDistance and NB-Tree.     

群目标等效量测形成算法研究

群目标作为多目标的一种特殊形式，实现跟踪的关键问题之一是要得到对其的等效量测。为此，提出了形成群目标等效量测几何中心、质心和重心的3种方法。给出了求解群目标几何中心、质心和重心的算法；阐述了以群目标几何中心、质心和重心为等效量测的跟踪原理和适用范围；得出了3种算法均能有效地形成群目标的等效量测，且适用于不同战术环境的结论。     

利用SAR多目标回波估计多普勒参数

从回波中估计多普勒参数是合成孔径雷达运动补偿的关键。文中研究了多目标回波对参数估计的影响,从理论上推导了估计多普勒中心和调频率对回波的不同要求,并用两个指标举例分析了一段实测机载SAR数据,给出了实际应用中参数估计时选择回波的原则。     

一种可以有效抵抗几何攻击的方法

水印技术作为一种数据认证和版权保护的手段,应该能够承受大量的、不同的物理和几何失真。然而,传统水印算法的一个弊端就是缺乏对几何攻击的鲁棒性。实验中发现一般的RST攻击对改变图像的几何不变点影响很小,因此,通过对图像构造几何不变点对RST攻击有很好的鲁棒性。     

TMPA 卫星降水数据的评估与校正

卫星遥感降水由于时空分辨率的优势在现代水文模拟中正起着越来越大的作用。本研究对黄河源区的两套卫星降水产品(TMPA准实时3B42RT和研究数据3B42V6)进行了详细评估,结果表明,3B42RT与3B42V6相比会明显高估地面降水,而两者对降水事件的反演能力基本一致。通过引入"降水重心"的概念,两套卫星降水产品均可以基本反映降水的空间分布及长期演变过程。在两者尤其是3B42RT数据的校正中,首先将卫星数据与地面站点月降水对比,再等比例降尺度回日降水,然后尝试逐步订正和最优插值两种残差处理方法,从而使降水量和降水分布的精度进一步提高。最后用校正后的卫星降水驱动分布式水文模型,利用输出径流间接验证校正的效果。     

结合mean-shift与MST的K-means聚类算法

针对初始点选择不当导致K—means陷入局部最小值问题,提出一种结合自适应mean-shift与最小生成树（MST）的K—means聚类算法。将数据对象投影到主成分分析（PCA）子空间,给出自适应mean．shift算法,并在PCA子空间内将数据向密度大的区域聚集,再利用MST与图连通分量算法,找出数据的类别数和类标签,据此计算原始空间的密度峰值,并将其作为K．means聚类的初始中心点。对K—means的目标函数、聚类精度和运行时间进行比较,结果表明,该算法在较短的运行时间内能给出较优的全局解。     

Experimental study of weld position detection based on keyhole infrared image during high power fiber laser welding

Keyhole is one of the important phenomena in high-power laser welding process. By studying the keyhole characteristic and detecting the seam offset during high-power fiber laser welding, an infrared sensitive high-speed camera arranged off-axis orientation of laser beam was applied to capture the dynamic thermal images of a molten pool. The 304 austenitic stainless steel plate butt joint welding experiment with laser power 10 kW was carried out. Through analyzing the keyhole infrared image, the weld position was calculated. Least squares method was used to determine the actual weld position. Image filtering technique was used to process the keyhole image, and the keyhole centroid coordinate were calculated. Also, least squares method was used to fit the keyhole centroid curve equation and establish a nonlinear continuous model which described the deviation between keyhole centroid and weld seam. The heat accumulation effect affected by the infrared radiation was analyzed to determine whether the laser beam focus spot deviated from the desired welding seam. Experimental results showed that the keyhole centroid has related to the seam offset, and can reflect the welding quality.