The effect of washing process on the cracking of ZrO2 microspheres by internal gelation

ZrO₂ microspheres are widely used as a simulant of UO₂ in the development of nuclear fuel. However, the cracking of ZrO₂ microspheres prepared by internal gelation is still a challenge during drying and sintering processes. To address this issue, we designed and optimized the washing process for obtaining crack-free ZrO₂ microspheres. Through thermogravimetric, infrared, Raman, BET, and SEM analysis, it is shown that the cracking of the microspheres is mainly related to the pores in microspheres. The washing solvent with low surface tension is used to reduce the effect of capillary force on pore shrinkage. Therefore, the optimal washing process was designed as trichloroethylene (TCE)—0.5 M NH₃.H₂O—Propylene glycol methyl ether (PM) and gel microspheres with a high specific surface area of 315.3 m²/g and pore volume of 0.4125 cm³/g were obtained. The characterizations also further showed that when the microspheres were dried and sintered, the water vapor and the decomposition gas of organic matter were completely released from the pores in the microspheres. Our new washing process could be directly extended for preparing crack-free ceramic microspheres by internal gelation.     

SG4热压烧结陶瓷刀具的带状声学显微组织分析

对所发现陶瓷材料带状声学结构进行了分析，并对其成因及对材料性能的影响进行了初步探讨。     

陶瓷结合剂化学组成的计算与配方优化设计

本文利用计算机技术．对陶瓷结合剂化学成分进行精密计算．在此基础上，根据结合剂所需要的化学成分，采用数学模型精确优化设计出陶瓷结合剂配方(即各种原材料的配比)，文章介绍了上述算法具体实现方法，给出了算法模型和精确的程序语言描述，算法重点解决了误差放大．计算稳定性等工程计算问题，对实际系统运行样本数据进行了验证，同时，文章描述了算法所引用的数据库表的结构设计方法及提高数据库应用效率和灵活性的技巧；分析了整个软件系统模块组成，描述了系统功能。通过实际应用与测试．验证了该系统算法和软件系统的可用性，对研究开发新型陶瓷结合剂具有重要指导作用。     

等离子喷涂Al2O3陶瓷涂层的工艺研究

采用SprayWatch-2i粒子测速仪测定等离子喷涂时粒子的飞行速度及温度,确定最佳喷涂电流和电压参数,改变送粉方式和送粉速率制备Al2O3涂层.研究所制备涂层的孔隙率、显微硬度、耐磨性及结合强度,研究结果指出：影响Al2O3涂层质量的主要工艺参数为喷涂功率、送粉方式和送粉速率,等离子喷涂10～40μmAl2O3粉末制备Al2O3陶瓷涂层的最佳工艺参数为电流600 A、电压60 V、枪内送粉、送粉速率10.25 g/rmin.     

The characteristics of a low-power-consumption plasma jet and ceramic coatings

The effects of the composition of plasma gases (Ar-N₂, Ar-H₂), arc current, and voltage on the temperature and velocity of a low-power (5 kW) plasma torch in the arc field free region has been investigated using an enthalpy probe. Coatings of Al₂O₃-13TiO₂ were deposited under different conditions. The results show that in the Ar-N₂ plasma, the enthalpy, temperature, and velocity change little with arc current and voltage when regulating the nitrogen proportion in the plasma gas. The hardness of the resulting coatings is 800 to 900 kg/mm² HV.300. For Ar-H₂ plasma, however, increases in the H₂ content in the mixture of the gases remarkably enhanced the velocity and heat transfer ability of the plasma jet, with the result that the coatings showed high hardness up to 1200 HV.     

纳米Ni粉填料对聚硅氮烷连接SiC陶瓷接头性能的影响

研究了活性填料纳米Ni粉对陶瓷先驱体聚硅氮烷连接反应烧结SiC陶瓷接头性能的影响，同时与惰性填料纳米SiC粉及活性填料微米Ni粉进行了对比，指出填料的种类及颗粒度对连接强度均有较大影响。活性填料纳米Ni粉的加入可减少连接层内的孔隙和裂纹，同时还可以与聚硅氮烷的裂解产物及母材发生反应，促进聚硅氮烷的裂解，从而降低连接温度，提高连接强度。当连接温度为1200℃时，其最大抗弯强度达到251．6MPa。微观研究表明，连接层结构较为均匀致密，且与母材间界面结合良好。惰性填料纳米SiC粉对连接强度没有明显改善。微米Ni粉因不能与先驱体形成均匀的连接层而导致连接强度降低。     

CREEP DEFORMATION OF INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS

ＣＲＥＥＰＤＥＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＭＥＴＡＬＬＩＣＡＬＬＯＹＳＧｅｒｈａｒｄＳａｕｔｈｏｆｆ（Ｍａｘ－Ｐｌａｎｃｋ－ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｆｕｒＥｉｓｅｎｆｏｒｓｃｈｕｎｇＧｍｂＨ．，Ｄ－４００７４Ｄｕｓｓｅｌｄｏｒｆ，Ｇｅｒｍａｎｙ）Ａｂｓｔ...     

燃烧合成法制备的Al2O3基多孔陶瓷

研究了Al2O3-TiC和Al2O3-TiB2两个体系的多孔陶瓷的制备过程,分析和讨论了产物的相组成、显微结构及成型性以及影响多孔陶瓷性能,如孔径大小、耐腐蚀性能和压缩强度的诸多因素.实验结果表明:布料时有序地改变反应物料的化学组成,可以在产物中不同区域产生不同尺寸的孔洞,形成梯度多孔陶瓷.利用燃烧合成法,可制备出孔径尺寸为1～500μm、酸碱腐蚀质量损失率小于2%、压缩强度为10 MPa左右的多孔陶瓷.     

新型陶瓷刀具的发展与应用

回顾了陶瓷刀具的发展简况及其意义,重点介绍了Si3N4基和TiCN基复合陶瓷刀具的研制、性能和应用.复合Si3N4陶瓷刀具有较高的耐磨性和抗冲击性,特别适合于各类铸铁件的粗精加工,也能进行铣削、刨削等冲击力很大的加工,其切削效率可提高3～10倍;复合TiCN金属陶瓷刀具具有很高的硬度和耐磨性,特别适合于各类高硬高强钢(如淬硬钢等)的加工,可对高硬材料实现"以车代磨"干切削,免除退火工艺和冷却液,大幅度提高生产效率.新型复合陶瓷刀具已经在我国冶金、水泵、矿山机械、轴承、滚珠丝杠、汽车、军工等十几个行业得到应用.     

发动机陶瓷镶块摇臂参数化优化设计系统研究

在反求原锻钢摇臂的基础上进行参数分析,建立了发动机铝合金陶瓷镶块摇臂的参数化设计模型,对此模型施加约束并参数驱动实现新产品的设计,用有限元计算结果对设计结果进行优化.开发了基于Pro/E的CARE/CAD/CAE铝合金陶瓷镶块摇臂参数化优化设计系统,并给出了设计实例.