基于物理并适用于电路仿真的多晶硅薄膜晶体管薄层电荷模型

本文利用薄层电荷理论,建立了一个基于表面势的、物理的多晶硅薄膜晶体管(Polysilicon Thin-Film Transistors,poly-Si TFTs)的电流模型,且该模型适用于电路仿真.推导了 poly-Si TFTs 表面势的近似解法,该求解法非迭代的计算大大地提高了计算效率,且精确度高并得到实验验证.基于物理的迁移率方程考虑了晶界势垒高度,和由于声子散射与表面粗糙散射引起的迁移率退化.基于 Brews 的薄层电荷模型和上述非迭代计算表面势,本电流模型同时考虑了漏致势垒降低(DIBL)效应、kink 效应和沟道长度调制效应.对不同沟长的器件实验数据比较发现,提出的模型在很广的工作电压内与实验数据符合得非常好.同时本模型的所有方程都具有解析形式,电流方程光滑连续,适用于电路仿真器如 SPICE.     

H.264/AVC技术进展及其务实发展策略思考

结合NGN及3G演进的固定、移动视频业务实际需求状况，论述H．264／AVC的重要技术进展及其务实发展策略。     

基于多智能体深度强化学习的D2D通信资源联合分配方法

设备对设备(D2D)通信作为一种短距离通信技术,能够极大地减轻蜂窝基站的负载压力和提高频谱利用率。然而将D2D直接部署在授权频段或者免授权频段必然导致与现有用户的严重干扰。当前联合部署在授权和免授权频段的D2D通信的资源分配通常被建模为混合整数非线性约束的组合优化问题,传统优化方法难以解决。针对这个挑战性问题,该文提出一种基于多智能体深度强化学习的D2D通信资源联合分配方法。在该算法中,将蜂窝网络中的每个D2D发射端作为智能体,智能体能够通过深度强化学习方法智能地选择接入免授权信道或者最优的授权信道并发射功率。通过选择使用免授权信道的D2D对(基于“先听后说”机制)向蜂窝基站的信息反馈,蜂窝基站能够在非协作的情况下获得WiFi网络吞吐量信息,使得算法能够在异构环境中执行并能够确保WiFi用户的QoS。与多智能体深度Q网络(MADQN)、多智能体Q学习(MAQL)和随机算法相比,所提算法在保证WiFi用户和蜂窝用户的QoS的情况下能够获得最大的吞吐量。     

Kinetically Accelerating Elementary Steps via Bridged Ru-H State for the Hydrogen-Evolution in Anion-Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer

Designing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts for facilitating its sluggish adsorption kinetics is crucial in generating green hydrogen via sustainable water electrolysis. Herein, a high-performance ultra-low Ruthenium (Ru) catalyst is developed consisting of atomically-layered Ru nanoclusters with adjacent single Ru sites, which executs a bridging-Ru-H activation strategy to kinetically accelerate the HER elementary steps. Owing to its optimal electronic structure and unique adsorption configuration, the hybrid Ru catalyst simultaneously displayed a drastically reduced overpotential of 16 mV at 10 mA cm⁻² as well as a low Tafel slope of 35.2 mV dec⁻¹ in alkaline electrolyte. When further coupled with a commercial IrO₂ anode catalyst, the ensembled anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer achievs a current density of 1.0 A cm⁻² at a voltage of only 1.70 V_cell. In situ spectroscopic analysis verified that Ru single atom and atomically-layered Ru nanoclusters in the hybrid materials play a critical role in facilitating water dissociation and weakening *H adsorption, respectively. Theoretical calculations further elucidate the underlaying mechanism, suggesting that the dissociated proton at the single atom Ru site orients itself adjacently with Ru nanoclusters in a bridged structure through targeted charge transfer, thus promoting Volmer-Heyrovsky dynamics and boosting the HER activity.     

Ni3N–CeO2 Heterostructure Bifunctional Catalysts for Electrochemical Water Splitting

Developing low-cost and high-efficient bifunctional catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is greatly significant for water electrolysis. Here, Ni₃N-CeO₂/NF heterostructure is synthesized on the nickel foam, and it exhibits excellent HER and OER performance. As a result, the water electrolyzer based on Ni₃N-CeO₂/NF bifunctional catalyst only needs 1.515 V@10 mA cm⁻², significantly better than that of Pt/C||IrO₂ catalysts. In situ characterizations unveil that CeO₂ plays completely different roles in HER and OER processes. In situ infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations indicate that the introduction of CeO₂ can optimizes the structure of interface water, and the synergistic effect of Ni₃N and CeO₂ improve the HER activity significantly, while the in situ Raman spectra reveal that CeO₂ accelerates the reconstruction of O_V (oxygen vacancy)-rich NiOOH for boosting OER. This study clearly unlocks the different catalytic mechanisms of CeO₂ for boosting the HER and OER activity of Ni₃N for water splitting, which provides the useful guidance for designing the high-performance bifunctional catalysts for water splitting.     

一种单材料双功函数栅MOSFET解析模型

An analytical surface potential model for the single material double work function gate(SMDWG) MOSFET is developed based on the exact resultant solution of the two-dimensional Poisson equation. The model includes the effects of drain biases, gate oxide thickness, different combinations of S-gate and D-gate length and values of substrate doping concentration. More attention has been paid to seeking to explain the attributes of the SMDWG MOSFET, such as suppressing drain-induced barrier lowering(DIBL), accelerating carrier drift velocity and device speed. The model is verified by comparison to the simulated results using the device simulator MEDICI. The accuracy of the results obtained using our analytical model is verified using numerical simulations. The model not only offers the physical insight into device physics but also provides the basic designing guideline for the device.     

用于医学成像的碲锌镉单极型探测器的研究进展

碲锌镉(CdZnTe)半导体材料具有探测效率高、能量分辨率高和体积小重量轻的特点,是公认的最有希望成为下一代伽马射线探测装置的材料。然而,空穴俘获导致的电荷收集不完全限制了碲锌镉半导体探测器的性能。解决空穴俘获最有效的方法是单极型探测器技术。文章首先简要介绍半导体探测器中电荷收集的相关理论,然后重点阐述单极型探测器技术的实现方法,包括各种电极的结构设计原理、典型的探测器原型机介绍、性能特点及其结构设计的优缺点。最后简要展望了碲锌镉半导体探测器未来的发展方向。     

玛湖凹陷与沙湾凹陷上乌尔禾组储集层差异及成因

通过薄片观察、扫描电镜分析、黏土矿物X射线衍射分析、阴极发光实验等,对准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷和沙湾凹陷上二叠统上乌尔禾组成岩差异进行对比分析,明确了成岩产物类型和孔隙演化过程。压实作用、碳酸盐矿物胶结与沸石胶结是研究区储集层物性差异的主要控制因素,玛湖凹陷压实作用相对较弱,沙湾凹陷溶蚀作用更强。砂体成岩孔隙演化具有差异性,玛湖凹陷储集层以长石颗粒和凝灰岩岩屑溶孔为主,沙湾凹陷储集层以长石颗粒、凝灰岩岩屑以及浊沸石溶孔为主,2类储集层都少量发育原生孔隙。以上2个地区储集层的差异性主要是由成岩流体性质和岩石组分不同导致,其中,岩石组分是导致玛湖凹陷和沙湾凹陷砂砾岩储集层孔隙结构特征差异的主要原因。     

管内材料高温放气性能的测试及应用研究

管内材料放气性能的优劣直接影响着整管的性能和寿命.本文简介了测试管内材料高温放气性能的原理、装置和方法.文中列举的几项应用实例表明,本项测试结果对产品质量控制、工艺技术改进和材料进厂检验及国产化攻关都具有指导意义.     

辽河滩海东部勘探有利圈闭特征

由于郯庐断裂带的多期走滑活动,滩海地区东部的构造演化、圈闭形成过程相对复杂。通过对辽河滩海地区东部构造演化过程分析,认为研究区主要发育了3种类型的圈闭:1)前古近纪时期,潜山内幕发育了一系列近东西向的反向翘倾断块圈闭,在渐新世时期可以依靠燕南断层走滑活动接受来自东部凹陷内的油气运聚保存后成藏,形成中、古生界圈闭;2)渐新世时期,走滑作用对燕南断层进行改造,同时潜山抬升,东营组地层沿着燕南断层形成一系列断鼻圈闭;3)上新—更新世时期,研究区内发生剪切走滑作用对馆陶组地层圈闭改造,形成了馆陶组构造地层圈闭。按照有利圈闭以及经济勘探的原则,给出了建议钻探目标区域。