一种SISO线性系统的系统辨识软件包的开发

本文基于系统辨识的最小二乘法,介绍一种用Basic语言编程的SISO线性系统系统辨识软件包及其原理、结构、功能与特点。它包括输入/输出数据的生成,近十种辨识程序模块的调用,结果的处理,模型阶次与纯滞后时间的确定和模型校验等五大部分。经应用已证明设计合理,方便可靠,并具有结构简单灵活等特点。     

低色度聚乙二醇(200)双甲基丙烯酸酯的合成

以聚乙二醇(PEG-200)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为原料,采用酯交换法合成聚乙二醇(200)双甲基丙烯酸酯大分子功能单体。考察了溶剂、催化剂、阻聚剂和脱色剂对酯交换反应的影响。结果表明,在酯交换反应中,溶剂环己烷能够降低反应温度,且易于脱出副产物甲醇。当m(环己烷)∶m(总反应液)=2∶5,m(碳酸钾)∶m(醇酯总质量)=8.5∶100,m(氢醌单甲醚)∶m(醇酯总质量)=1.1∶100和m(脱色剂A)∶m(醇酯总质量)=2.1∶100时,产率可达到80.2%,色度为50 APHA。     

辣椒红色素的提取工艺研究

本文以红辣椒为原料,考察了提取辣椒红色素的几个影响因素,确定了提取辣椒红色素的优化条件。实验结果表明,提取的最佳条件为:提取溶剂为石油醚,原料粒度为20~40目,液固比为9:1mL/g,提取时间4h。     

脆肉鲩冷藏保鲜过程中暗色肉颜色的变化

通过分析脆肉鲩在冷藏过程中质构、a*值、高铁肌红蛋白、脂肪氧化的变化以及抗氧化剂处理下a*值和高铁肌红蛋白的变化,探讨冷藏过程中a*值与高铁肌红蛋白的相关性。结果表明,在冷藏过程中,a*值随着冷藏时间的延长逐渐减小,高铁肌红蛋白的含量随冷藏时间的延长而增大,肌红蛋白含量随冷藏时间的延长而下降,并且a*值与高铁肌红蛋白含量和TBA值显著性负相关。通过D-最优设计分析及回归分析发现,肌肽、VC和烟酰胺复配对肌肉暗色肉颜色影响明显,肌肽的作用最大,8mmol/L的肌肽与0.04%的VC和0.02%的烟酰胺的复配效果最好。该复配能减慢高铁肌红蛋白的形成,而具有较高的a*值。进一步揭示脆肉鲩暗色肉中a*值与高铁肌红蛋白呈显著的负相关,可用a*值对暗色肉冷藏过程中颜色的改变进行评定。     

机械产品外观色彩的选择

阐述色彩具有的冷暖感、轻重感、远近感、软硬感、胀缩感等方面效果,提出根据色彩给人的不同感觉来选择机械产品的外观色彩。     

基于改进分水岭算法的VCH-F1图像分割

针对分水岭算法存在的过分割问题以及VCH-F1切片图像的特点,提出了一种能够有效消除局部极小值和噪声干扰的分割方法。首先比较并选取彩色分量图像梯度信息的最大值,达到提取图像有效边缘信息的目的;然后提出基于多阈值分割的方法消除无效梯度信息;最后介绍了算法的步骤及结果。实验结果证明,基于该方法处理梯度图像进行分水岭算法处理可以得到准确的分割结果。     

Total carotenoid differences in scallop tissues of Chlamys nobilis (Bivalve: Pectinidae) with regard to gender and shell colour

The aim of this study was to investigate whether total carotenoid content (TCC) in noble scallop Chlamys nobilis is related to body tissue, shell colour, and gender. TCC was determined by a UV–vis recording spectrophotometer in tissue of gonad, adductor, mantle, and gill separately sampled from male and female individuals with orange and brown shell colours from the same cultured population. TCC was significantly different among body tissues, depending on shell colour and gender, ranging from 0.73 to 59.85 μg g⁻¹. In general, TCC was greater in the order of gonad > mantle > adductor > gill. In the same gender, orange shell colour individuals contained significantly higher TCC than brown ones in all four tissues (P < 0.05). In the same shell colour, female contained significantly higher TCC than male in gonad and adductor tissues (P < 0.05).     

Reassessment of treatments to retard browning of fresh‐cut Russet potato with emphasis on controlled atmospheres and low concentrations of bisulphite

The cultivar Pacific Russet with high browning susceptibility was used for most testing. Controlled atmospheres (0.3%, 3% and 21% O₂ in combination with 0%, 6% or 12% CO₂) and anti‐browning chemicals were studied in relation to quality retention and wound‐induced phenolic metabolism of fresh‐cut slices for up to 16 days at 5 °C. The 3% O₂+ 12% CO₂ atmosphere was most effective among those tested, and retarded increases in phenolics and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, but had only slight benefit on visual quality. A 1.25% ascorbic acid +1.25% citric acid treatment was ineffective, but when combined with 3% O₂+ 12% CO₂, it was comparable with 0.025% sodium bisulphite. Bisulphite concentrations from 0.05% to 0.25% provided similar effective control of discolouration. Bisulphite as low as 0.025% with 3% O₂+ 12% CO₂ resulted in a visual quality score at the limit of marketability after 8 days at 5 °C. Chemical treatments did not retard increases in phenolic concentrations or phenolic enzyme activities.     

A cross‐cultural colour‐naming study. Part III—A colour‐naming model

A colour‐naming model was developed to categorize volumes for each of the 11 basic names in CIELAB colour space. This was tested with three different sets of data for two languages (English and Mandarin), derived from extensive colour categorization experiments. The performance of the model in predicting colour names was satisfactory, with an average prediction error of 8.3%. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, 270–277, 2001     

Spectral power distributions for the CIE stimuli

The CIE reference colour stimuli, X, Y, and Z, were derived by constructing a triangle outside the R,G,B triangle and outside the area bounded by the spectrum locus and the purple line. By this means, all colours, including monochromatic ones, have positive tristimulus values. The colour‐matching functions are the relative quantities of these stimuli required to be mixed additively to match the equal energy monochromatic colours. The stimuli are not realizable as light sources, and the CIE has not specified their spectral power distributions. There is an infinite number of spectral power distributions whose properties meet the prerequisites for X (X = 100, Y = 0, Z = 0), Y (0, 100, 0), and Z (0, 0, 100), and two possible sets have been calculated by different methods. These curves could be used as primary red, green, and blue lights in additive mixing to produce synthetic reflectance curves, which are useful in the specification of on‐screen colours, and as a means of producing colour constant standards. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, 478–482, 2001