倒锥型催化精馏构件的流体力学性能

为进一步提高催化精馏塔的性能,提出了一种新型倒锥型帽罩结构,针对帽罩结构参数进行实验研究。采用空气-水体系测定倒锥型塔构件不同参数下的塔板压降及液泛气速,并对其流体力学性能进行深入研究。实验结果表明,锥角对压降和液泛气速几乎没有影响。开孔比大于1时对压降无影响,开孔比小于1时压降随其值的增大而减小,液泛气速则略微增大。开孔孔径增大,则压降增大,而液泛气速减小。压降随锥体高度的增大而增大,但液泛气速与其并不呈线性变化。压降随堰高的增大而增大。催化剂装填量增大,压降增大,且液泛气速呈下降趋势。倒锥型催化精馏塔构件对其流体力学有显著影响,并在确定的条件下可选择较大的锥角,采用较小的开孔孔径和罩体高度。     

顶端受竖向集中力的圆锥的应力与位移

本文选择适当的应力函数并使其满足相应的边界条件,得出了顶端受竖向集中力的半无限圆锥体中的应力与位移的分布.半空间体在边界上受法向集中力的布希涅斯克(Boussinesq)解可以作为一个特例从本解答中得到.     

多目标规划的共轭对偶

Tanino.T与Swaragi.Y[1]在R~n空间中讨论了多目标规划的共轭对偶,本文在实赋范线性空间中,利用凸锥的性质(π)[4],保证了紧性,讨论了多目标规划问题的共轭对偶,文[1]中的结论是本文的特例。     

Evaluation of fire performance of organic fire retardant free acrylic based coatings applied on various building materials by cone calorimetric method

Fire performance of water‐based plaster systems containing acrylic copolymer binder and non‐flammable mineral and ceramic fillers intended for decorative coating application was determined by cone calorimetric method. The coatings were applied on common building substrate materials used in construction sector, namely, Medium Density Fibre (MDF) boards, Gypsum Boards (GIB) and Stainless Steel (SS), and the different plaster finishes attempted on these substrates were Tierrafino, Suave and Bone China respectively. Group numbers of the different test samples were also evaluated following the Kokkala method. Based on various measurements, especially heat release, smoke evolution, mass loss data and the Group number estimates, it is evident that these organic fire retardant free coatings can offer good fire safety if applied on appropriate substrates like GIB or SS. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Experimental investigation and numerical modelling of the fire performance for epoxy resin carbon fibre composites of variable thicknesses

This paper applies a unique integrated approach to determine the flammability properties of a composite material (epoxy with carbon fibre) and compares its fire behaviour at two different thicknesses (2.1 and 4.2 mm) by performing small scale (thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA)/Fourier transform infrared radiation) and meso‐scale tests (cone calorimeter). For small‐scale tests, experiments were conducted in nitrogen using TGA coupled to gas analysis by Fourier transform infrared radiation. These results allow the determination of thermal stability, main degradation temperature and main gaseous emissions released during the thermal degradation. For meso‐scale tests, experiments were carried out using a cone calorimeter with sample dimensions of 100 × 100 mm at five heat fluxes (30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 kW/m²). The results show that the ignition time increases with an increase in the thickness of the material. Relative hazard classification of the fire performance of the current composites has also been compared with other materials using parameters obtained elsewhere. In addition, the effective ignition, thermal and pyrolysis properties obtained from the ignition and mass loss rate experiments for the 4.2‐mm thick samples were used in a numerical model for pyrolysis to predict well ignition times, back‐surface temperatures and mass pyrolysis rates for all heat fluxes as well as for the 2.1‐mm thick samples. Note that the ignition temperature obtained in the cone agrees with the main degradation temperature in the TGA. The flammability properties deduced here can be used to predict the heat release rate for real fire situations using CFD modelling. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Electronic transport properties of phosphorene/graphene(silicene/germanene) bilayer heterostructures: A first-principles exploration

Recently, new researches on van der Waals (vdW) two-dimensional bilayer heterostructures have been carried out owing to their unique properties different from single-layer materials. Herein, three types of bilayer heterostructures, phosphorene/graphene, phosphorene/silicene and phosphorene/germanene are constructed and their electronic transport properties are calculated based on the first-principle method. The results show that their I-V curves are totally different that the phosphorene/graphene devices have higher electron transmission probability, resulting in higher current values. Furthermore, we calculate their band structures to explore the internal mechanism of current difference. The graphene-like Dirac cones are found in the bilayer phosphorene/graphene heterostructures. However, the positions of their Dirac cones in the Brillouin zone are markedly different from that of graphene. But when the silicene or germanene is combined with the phosphorene together, the Dirac cones of the silicene or germanene disappear, instead, there are band gaps of about 0.2?eV around the Fermi level. Our results suggest that the Dirac cone can be mainly retained by the weak hybridization between monolayer phosphorus and 2D Dirac materials. Due to the existence of the Dirac cone, the overlap between the source and drain electrodes increases, which leads to a larger current value. This discovery of the Dirac cones in the bilayer heterostructures is applicable in designing Dirac materials and understanding their electronic transport properties.     

铜铝双金属管材挤压成形工艺参数分析

通过对双金属管材挤压成形的有限元模拟发现:当挤压模凹模带有锥角而芯棒为圆柱体时挤压铜铝双金属管材时常出现内层金属断裂的现象.为了解决这个缺陷通过反向思考提出了芯棒带有锥角而凹模为直筒的特殊的模具结构,并结合有限元软件Deform-3D分析了不同芯棒锥角下金属的变形情况,确定了合适的锥角大小,同时对双金属管材内外管材的厚度比也有限制要求,成功实现了铜铝双金属管件的挤压成形.通过对挤压过程中的芯棒进行强度校核对此挤压模具的结构进行了设计.     

斜锥表面液滴的定向流动特性

目的 研究液滴在斜锥表面的定向流动特性,揭示液滴在斜锥表面的定向输运机理。方法 以斜锥表面液滴运动行为为研究对象,通过数值模拟技术提取液滴动力学参数,探讨不同斜锥结构参数对液滴自输运行为的影响。结果 液体内部速度的不均匀分布导致液滴内部产生速度涡旋,在泰勒毛细升力的作用下,斜锥间隙产生了涡量较大的速度主涡旋,液滴内部产生了涡量较小的速度次涡旋。在液滴定向输运过程中,2种涡旋的旋转方向与液滴的输运方向保持一致。液滴自输运过程伴随着表面能、动能的相互转化。在铺展收缩阶段,液滴的形变量较大,固–液接触面积和液滴的表面能先增大再减小,液滴运动速度却先减小再增大。在稳定输运阶段,液滴的表面能和速度基本保持不变。泰勒毛细升力和斜锥间隙中的不平衡毛细力驱使液体不断填充斜锥间隙。液滴在斜锥表面受到不平衡的钉扎阻力,使得液滴左侧更易脱钉,保证整个液滴向右无损输运。结论 可为揭示液滴在斜锥表面的流动特性和自输运机理提供理论支持,指导研制以斜锥结构为仿生原型的机械功能表面。     

GB150无折边锥壳大端与圆筒连接设计方法的探讨

从考察GB150和ASMEⅧ-2在规范体系方面的差异入手,证明GB150中无折边锥壳大端与圆筒连接的设计方法是不适宜的。     

GRINDING OF DOUBLE DISC GRINDING MACHINE

The grinding of two parallel sides of a component is accomplished with the accuracy and higher productivity by passing a blank through the truncated cone shape grinders, which are turned angles. The machine is designated by the name of double disc grinding machine (DDGM). Usually, it is used in the mass production. The relationship between these angles, the accuracy, productivity, allowance and parameters of the machine and technology is explained in detail by math, such as vector analysis, transformation of 3D space coordinates, etc. Therefore, in the aspects of qualitative and quantitative analyses, the grinding potential of DDGM is enormous increased and superior to conventional methods. Furthermore, the theoretical foundation of DDGM grinding design and technology is provided to improve, to expand and to create for future. The established machine design and practical experience of grinding technology will get great benefit by them.