吸氧多层薄膜内脱氧树脂层的传质与反应模型

制备了多种配方的脱氧树脂薄膜,测定了铁粉含量、铁粉粒度、卤化物、偶联剂、填充剂及调湿时间等因素对脱氧树脂薄膜吸氧性能的影响,建立了脱氧树脂薄膜吸氧过程的传质与反应模型.该模型表明,当M^1/2＞3时,吸氧过程为快速反应,吸氧速率与膜厚无关.当M^1/2＜0.3时,吸氧过程为慢速反应,吸氧速率与D_e无关,膜内氧气浓度均匀,且等于气固界面浓度.采用多种配方脱氧树脂薄膜的吸氧实验表明,该模型与实验结果吻合良好.     

先进适用性测井新技术在中原油田的应用

本文论述了先进适用性测井技术评价方法的地质优势,介绍了中原油田储层的地质特征,展示了测井新技术地质应用效果：准确对裂缝性储层参数进行定量解释,对碳酸盐岩储层进行有效性评价,对地层构造沉积相进行分析,有效地划分水淹程度,直观地识别孔隙中流体性质,有效地识别油干层界限。     

轮胎厂蒸汽的生产使用和管理

介绍了轮胎厂蒸汽的生产、使用及管理过程中应该注意的问题。就如何以最低的成本生产蒸汽、以最佳的效果使用蒸汽、以最科学的方法管理蒸汽提出了自己的见解。特别对锅炉的配置与运行、管道及附件的正确安装、管道保温层的临界厚度及冷凝水的回收等问题进行了探讨。     

燃料电池与碳纤维之应用

介绍了以氢气为主要反应物的燃料电池作为替代性能源无污染和高效率的特点,燃料电池的应用领域、电池种类、工作原理和组成元件,以及逢甲大学研发之燃料电池气体扩散层技术。测试结果表明:当Load0.5V时,该自制的新型气体扩散层电流密度可达1026.4～1149.6mA/cm,而商用气体扩散层电流密度为941.6mA/cm;自制气体扩散层功率密度可达600mW/cm,而商用气体扩散层功率密度为511.2mW/cm,均高过商用气体扩散层。     

Interaction of a High‐Velocity Steel Projectile with a High‐Porous Copper–Duralumin Two‐Layer Bumper

The impact of a steel sphere 2 mm in diameter flying with a velocity of 2–7.3 km/sec on a twolayer bumper is considered. The first layer of the bumper is made of finely disperse copper powder with a density of 2.8 g/cm³, and the second layer is made of Duralumin. For identical impact velocities of 3–5 km/sec and identical thicknesses and areal densities of the bumpers, the twolayer bumper leads to better failure of the steel projectile than the Duralumin bumper. In the case of the twolayer bumper used, the maximum penetration depth of fragments into the witness plate and the number of the largest craters are smaller. The order of the bumper layers does not exert any noticeable effect on projectile failure. With the impact velocity increased to 7 km/sec, the difference in shielding properties of the bumpers almost vanishes.     

Evaluation of the pseudocapacitance in RuO2 with a RuO2/GC thin film electrode

The pseudocapacitance of nanocrystalline RuO₂ with BET surface area of 42 m² g⁻¹ was evaluated using a RuO₂ modified Glassy Carbon (RuO₂/GC) thin film electrode. The charge storage behavior of the RuO₂/GC thin film electrode was studied from fast to slow scan cyclic voltammetry between various potential windows. The utilization of the thin film electrode method for nanocrystalline RuO₂ with known specific surface area allowed a semi-quantitative understanding of the electric double-layer capacitance (C_dl), adsorption related charge (C_ad), and the irreversible redox related charge (C_irr) per unit mass and surface area of RuO₂. Comparison of the cyclic voltammograms between different voltage windows revealed that the contribution from C_irr is especially dominant below 0.4 V (versus RHE) at slow scan rates.     

Effects of in-situ carbon layer and volume fraction of SiC fiber on the mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of SiCf/SiC composites fabricated by a modified PIP method

Unidirectional SiC_f/SiC composites (UD SiC_f/SiC composites) with excellent mechanical properties were successfully fabricated by a modified PIP method which involved the preparation of film-like matrix containing carbon layer with a low concentration PCS solution followed by the rapid densification of composites with a high concentration PCS solution. Carbon layers were in-situ formed and alternating with SiC layers in the as-received matrix. The unique microstructure endows the composites with appropriate interfacial bonding state, good load transfer ability of interphase and matrix and load bearing ability of fiber, and great crack deflection capacity, which ensures the synergy of high strength and toughness of composites. It is also found that the fiber volume fraction in the preform makes a non-negligible effect on the distribution of interphase and matrix, of which the reasonable adjustment can be utilized to optimize the mechanical properties of composites. Compared with the composites only using high concentration PCS solution, the UD SiC_f/SiC composites prepared by the modified PIP method exhibit superior mechanical properties. Ultrahigh flexural strength of 1318.5 ± 158.3 MPa and fracture toughness of 47.6 ± 5.6 MPa·m^1/2 were achieved at the fiber volume fraction of 30%.     

考虑材料拉压模量不同及应变软化的厚壁圆筒解析解

基于三剪应力统一强度理论和弹脆塑性模型,同时考虑材料拉压模量不同及应变软化、中间主应力效应,推导了单层厚壁圆筒均匀内压与塑性软化区半径的关系、双层厚壁圆筒均匀内压作用下的弹脆塑性极限承载力,分析了参数b、c、半径比r_b/r_a、材料的拉压模量系数λ对双层组合厚壁圆筒的影响特性。通过算例分析表明:双层组合厚壁圆筒弹性极限承载力P_emax随b的增大而增大,随c的增大而减小,随材料的拉压模量系数λ增大而减小;对理想弹塑性材料,脆塑性极限承载力P_u1随b的增大而增大,随c的增大而减小,随半径比r_b/r_a的增大而增大,与材料的拉压模量系数λ无关;对其它材料,脆塑性极限承载力P_u3随b的增大而增大,随c的增大而减小,随材料的拉压模量系数λ增大而减小。三剪应力统一强度理论解包含了Mohr-Coulomb解及双剪统一强度理论解,还能得到一系列化的新解,对单层和双层组合厚壁圆筒的设计及应用具有参考价值。     

麦羟基硅钠石的可控合成及其阳离子交换性能研究

目前,开发绿色高效的重金属吸附材料受到人们的广泛关注。以硅藻土为原料,经水热法选择性地制备了2类硅酸盐材料即麦羟基硅钠石和方沸石。吸附测试结果表明,麦羟基硅钠石层间的钠离子能够与锂离子、镁离子、锌离子、钴离子、镍离子、铜离子等进行阳离子交换且能保持层状母体框架的稳定性。以钴离子、镍离子为例深入研究其吸附动力学和吸附机制发现,钴离子和镍离子的嵌入分别将麦羟基硅钠石的层间距由本征的1.56 nm减小到0.24、0.23 nm;室温下,对钴离子、镍离子的最大吸附量分别可达45、39 mg/g,均符合Langmuir单层吸附模型;钠离子的置换量大约是吸附的钴离子、镍离子量的两倍,证实层间离子交换主导吸附化学过程。因此,麦羟基硅钠石材料在多金属硅酸盐功能材料的合成以及环境吸附净化领域具有较大的应用潜力。     

Transport, chemical and electrochemical processes in a planar solid oxide fuel cell: Detailed three-dimensional modeling

A detailed numerical three-dimensional (3D) model for a planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is developed in this paper. The 3D model takes into account detailed processes including transport, chemical and electrochemical processes taking place in the cell. Moreover, effects of the composite electrodes are taken into account by considering an electrochemically active layer of finite thickness in each of the electrodes. The developed model is applied to a repeating unit of an anode-supported SOFC working under direct internal reforming conditions. Detailed results for chemical species, temperature, current density and electric potential distribution are presented and discussed. It was found that the temperature distribution across the cell is more uniform in the interconnects than in the inner part of the cell. However, only small differences in the electric potential between the electrode and the corresponding interconnect are found. The current density in the electrodes is found to be high near the electrolyte and low deep into the electrochemically active layer. The current density is also low under the ribs of the interconnects.