A binomial approximation of lot yield under Markov modulated Bernoulli item yield

The existing literature that models item-by-item production yield as a Bernoulli process assumes that the intraperiod likelihood of producing an acceptable item is stationary. We investigate the stochastic process that results from relaxing this assumption to account for system deterioration during each production run. More specifically, we consider a Bernoulli yield model with a non-stationary parameter that depends on the deterioration level of the system, which evolves according to a discrete-time Markov chain. For tractability reasons, we construct a simple binomial approximation of the non-stationary process, and compare the two yield distributions both analytically and numerically. Our results suggest that the approximation performs well, even when the deterioration occurs relatively fast, which serves to validate existing (and future) decision models that impose the stationarity assumption.     

全低变催化剂的失活原因及对策

针对全低变催化剂的失活情况进行分析，并提出解决办法。     

Stemming the TIDE: A correction of Fortner (1999) and a clarification of Larson and Hoyt (2007).

In this article, the author corrects an error in his 1999 dissertation (see record 2000-95004-391), which was summarized in detail shortly after its approval and was intensely examined more recently by D. G. Larson and W. T. Hoyt (see record #200711559-003). An error in the text of the dissertation transposed the variables of the denominator of the treatment-induced deterioration statistic (TIDE). The error was limited to the text of the document, and all calculations and results reported in the dissertation are correct. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

重复剪切作用下节理强度和形貌特征劣化规律

为了分析重复剪切作用下节理面剪切力学特性及微观形貌特征劣化规律,制备了单节理砂岩试样,考虑4种法向应力分别进行了6次重复剪切试验。研究结果发现:(1)在重复剪切作用下,节理面剪应力–剪切变形曲线变化特征明显,经过2~3次剪切,不再出现明显峰值,剪切硬化现象明显,残余抗剪强度逐渐趋于稳定;(2)随着重复剪切次数增加,节理面的抗剪强度劣化趋势明显,呈先陡后缓的劣化趋势,前2次剪切的劣化幅度占总劣化值的65%以上,而且法向应力越大,抗剪强度劣化幅度和劣化速度越大;(3)在重复剪切作用下,节理面上相互咬合的微凸起和凹陷部分发生切齿、磨损和填充,节理面的凹凸起伏程度逐渐减小,使得其形貌特征参数及粗糙度系数逐渐降低,进而导致其剪切力学特性逐渐劣化;(4)建立了重复剪切作用下节理面粗糙度系数劣化方程,结合N.Barton提出的结构面抗剪强度经验公式,建立了考虑重复剪切作用的节理面抗剪强度计算公式,结果表明计算值与试验值吻合的较好。     

考虑参数时空演化规律的黄土边坡极限平衡分析法研究

考虑黄土特殊力学性质的边坡稳定性分析方法研究对于保障国家"西部大开发"战略和"一带一路"倡议的实施具有重要的意义。利用渗流—软化—稳定性分析顺序耦合的研究思路,对地下水位上升条件下的黄土边坡稳定性进行分析。首先借助非饱和非稳定渗流分析理论进行地下水位上升条件下黄土边坡的渗流分析;其次基于渗流分析的计算成果借助水致结构性劣化方程动态更新土体强度参数的空间分布;基于总重度、黏聚力、内摩擦角和孔隙水压力的时空分布规律,采用面力法提出了考虑参数时空演化规律的黄土边坡极限平衡分析法。最后以地下水位上升条件下白鹿塬边某黄土边坡为例,通过考虑参数时空演化规律的黄土边坡稳定性Spencer法和M-P法计算成果之间的相互对比分析,同时将这些成果与现场勘察迹象进行对比,从而说明考虑参数时空演化规律的黄土边坡极限平衡分析法的合理性和可靠性。     

Bridge condition modelling and prediction using dynamic Bayesian belief networks

The development of a condition-based deterioration modelling methodology at bridge group level using Bayesian belief network (BBN) is presented in this paper. BBN is an efficient tool to handle complex interdependencies within elements of engineering systems, by means of conditional probabilities specified on a fixed model structure. The advantages and limitations of the BBN for such applications are reviewed by analysing a sample group of masonry bridges on the UK railway infrastructure network. The proposed methodology is then extended to develop a time dependent deterioration model using a dynamic Bayesian network. The condition of elements within the selected sample of bridges and a set of conditional probabilities for static and time dependent variables, based on inspection experience, are used as input to the models to yield, in probabilistic terms, overall condition-based deterioration profiles for bridge groups. Sensitivity towards various input parameters, as well as underlying assumptions, on the point-in-time performance and the deterioration profile of the group are investigated. Together with results from ‘what if’ scenarios, the potential of the developed methodology is demonstrated in relation to the specification of structural health monitoring requirements and the prioritisation of maintenance intervention activities.     

对混凝土结构劣化的探讨

文章对混凝土结构的劣化内外因作了分析,探讨了提高混凝土结构耐久性和延长住宅使用年限的措施,达到节约资源的目的,使住宅建筑可持续发展。     

超高压线路不同电解质材料绝缘子串组合技术的研究与应用

通过仿真理论计算、实验室真型电气试验研究和运行线路上实测各类不同型式的玻璃、复合绝缘子组合串的电位分布值,优化比较后推荐出500kV线路悬垂串采用横担端1片、导线端6片盘径Φ360mm、结构高度170mm、爬电距离550mm的大盘径标准型或550mm爬距的钟罩防污型玻璃绝缘子,中间配相应长度的复合绝缘子和上扛式悬垂线夹的组合方式,计算和试验表明,该组合方式的复合绝缘子导线端电位分布由原纯复合绝缘子时的41%降至11%,同时可取消下挂式线夹时的均压装置,运行线路上实测优化组合时的复合绝缘子导线端分布电压值在22kV以下。     

基于Stribeck曲线的液压缸劣化趋势评价

为了评估液压系统的工作状态,提出了基于Stribeck摩擦模型的劣化程度评估方法。通过机理解析建立液压缸动力学模型,将实际系统可测量位移数据以及利用位移信号差分处理得到速度信号和加速度信号作为系统输入,其他测量数据和已知参数组成系统输出,设计双时间尺度最小二乘法辨识未知参数。将辨识的摩擦系数用于刻画Stribeck曲线,通过比较不同时间段的Stribeck曲线建立劣化指标,并分析相应缸体劣化程度。通过数值仿真验证理论的合理性和有效性。     

对震后损伤框架结构刚度退化问题的研究

结合对震后损伤框架结构在反复荷载作用下刚度退化的研究是结构抗震分析的重要内容,通过对一层一跨的框架结构施加低周反复荷载试验,得出了结构构件的抗震滞回特性,同时,对框架结构构件的刚度退化情况做了计算和分析,从而为建筑物加固方法的确定奠定了理论基础。