一种Cu-Ni-Zr-Be型电阻焊电极合金

本文报道了一种新的无钴、低铍电阻焊电极合金：Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ－Ｚｒ－Ｂｅ（Ｂ合金），将其组织性能同常用的Ｃｕ－Ｃｏ－Ｂｅ（Ａ合金）电极合金作了对比分析。结果表明，Ｂ合金硬度、软化温度同Ａ合金相近，但导电、导热性明显高于Ａ合金。另外，Ｂ合金降低了成本，减少了毒性，延长了电极的使用寿命。最后，探讨了Ｂ合金的成分设计原理。     

载荷对含Cr碳膜摩擦磨损性能影响研究

用闭合场非平衡磁控溅射技术制备了高硬度含Cr碳膜。分别用压入法和划痕法测定了薄膜的结合强度。薄膜厚度用球坑法表征。用显微硬度计测定了薄膜的努氏硬度。在不同载荷条件下,用Ball-on-disc球盘磨损试验机研究了薄膜的摩擦系数、比磨损率的变化规律。分析讨论了载荷对含Cr碳膜摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果发现：随着载荷的提高,对磨钢球时薄膜的摩擦系数呈下降趋势．对磨损轨迹和对磨球磨损表面的扫描电镜（SEM）观察发现存在转移膜现象。对磨球磨损表面的EDX分析结果进一步证明了转移膜的存在。文中还对含Cr碳膜磨损机理进行了分析和讨论。用闭合场非平衡磁控溅射技术制备了高硬度含Cr碳膜。分别用压入法和划痕法测定了薄膜的结合强度。薄膜厚度用球坑法表征。用显微硬度计测定了薄膜的努氏硬度。在不同载荷条件下,用Ball-on-disc球盘磨损试验机研究了薄膜的摩擦系数、比磨损率的变化规律。分析讨论了载荷对含Cr碳膜摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果发现：随着载荷的提高,对磨钢球时薄膜的摩擦系数呈下降趋势．对磨损轨迹和对磨球磨损表面的扫描电镜（SEM）观察发现存在转移膜现象。对磨球磨损表面的EDX分析结果进一步证明了转移膜的存在。文中还对含Cr碳膜磨损机理进行了分析和讨论。     

A chromium carbide coating in-situ formed on C/C composites by the novel reactive wetting strategy to enhance oxidation resistance

A chromium carbide (Cr-C) coating in-situ formed on the C/C substrate is successfully prepared by a novel reactive wetting strategy. The interfacial microstructure and oxidation resistance of coated C/C composites are investigated in detail. The as-prepared coating mainly consists of Cr₂₃C₆ and Cr₇C₃, forming a tight joining with the C/C substrate. Compared to uncoated samples, the oxidation weight loss of coated C/C composites is substantially reduced at high temperatures. Furthermore, the hardness of coated C/C composites is significantly increased, enhancing their ability to resist external damage. This reactive wetting strategy can also be used to prepare uniform coatings on C/C composites with complex grooved structure or large size. Surprisingly, coated C/C composites possess a low weight gain of 3.7% due to thin coating (< 10 µm), which can maintain their advantage of low density.     

Response of structure and mechanical properties of high entropy pyrochlore to heavy ion irradiation

Material with superior damage tolerance, chemical durability, and structure stability is of increasing interest in high-level radioactive waste management and structural components for advanced nuclear systems. In this paper, high-entropy (La_0.2Ce_0.2Nd_0.2Sm_0.2Gd_0.2)₂Zr₂O₇ with pyrochlore-type structure was synthesized through conventional solid-state method. The as-synthesized high-entropy oxide maintained crystalline after being irradiated by using Au³⁺ with 9.0 MeV energy at the fluence of 4.5 × 10¹⁵ ions·cm^-2, indicating its high tolerance to heavy-ion irradiation. The irradiation-induced order-disorder transition from pyrochlore structure to defective fluorite structure occurred in high-entropy (La_0.2Ce_0.2Nd_0.2Sm_0.2Gd_0.2)₂Zr₂O₇. After irradiation, no irradiation-induced segregation was observed at grain boundary. Moreover, the mechanical properties of high-entropy pyrochlore were improved. The heavy-ion irradiation resistance mechanisms of high-entropy pyrochlore were discussed in detail. Our work identified high-entropy (La_0.2Ce_0.2Nd_0.2Sm_0.2Gd_0.2)₂Zr₂O₇ can be a promising candidate for immobilization of high-level radioactive waste as well as advanced nuclear reactor system from the perspective of irradiation resistance.     

A ply-level electrical resistance approach to monitor crack evolution in a laminate SiC/SiC composites

In the aim of providing a reliable technique to monitor the development of damage in 0°/90° melt-infiltrated SiC-fiber reinforced prepreg laminate ceramic-matrix composites, it was hypothesized that the electrical resistivities of different layers of this material were significantly different due to their free Si content and morphology. Three distinct layers: a 0° fiber ply, a 90° fiber ply and a matrix only ply, were distinguished in the composite architecture. Free silicon is the most conductive phase in this composite system; however, the Si content and morphology were different in each of the three types of plies. Unidirectional and [0°/90°]_2s specimens enabled quantification of ply-level resistivities. An electric circuit model was constructed; it consists of parallel resistors where each resistor represents a ply in the composite system. This ply-level electrical model was validated using composites of different vintages which contained different silicon contents. A room temperature stepped fatigue test was conducted and the ply level circuit model was used to discern crack morphology with the support of acoustic emission and digital image correlation.     

废旧轮胎橡胶粉/苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物/石油树脂复合改性沥青的制备及性能

以苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SBS）、废旧轮胎橡胶粉和石油树脂制备复合改性沥青,并对复合改性沥青的储存稳定性、温度敏感性、高温流变性能、抗车辙性能和黏度等进行了考察。结果表明,复合改性沥青中,SBS、废旧轮胎橡胶粉及石油树脂的最佳质量分数分别为4.5%、14.0%和4.5%;石油树脂/SBS/废旧轮胎橡胶粉复合改性沥青具有较好的储存稳定性、温度敏感性和抗车辙性能。     

The oxidation resistance mechanism of SiC-B4C-xAl2O3 ceramics at 1400 ℃ in air atmosphere

The oxidation property of SiC-B₄C-xAl₂O₃ (x ranges from 0 wt% to 30 wt%) ceramics was studied in air at 1400 ℃. Results show that the porous oxide layer becomes dense and smooth with addition of Al₂O₃. When the content of Al₂O₃ is proper, the DOP (degree of polymerization) of borosilicate network can be improved with increase of Al₂O₃ content, inhibiting the migration of atoms and molecular groups. With that, the crystallization of SiO₂ and volatilization of B₂O₃ can be restrained. When the content of Al₂O₃ is excessive, the DOP of borosilicate network will be decreased, deteriorating the oxide layer morphology. It is believed that the damage of borosilicate network by excess Al₂O₃ should be responsible for this phenomenon. In this research, the SiC-B₄C ceramic with optimal oxidation resistant can be obtained when the content of Al₂O₃ is 15 wt%.     

多层界面相对SiCf/SiC复合材料综合性能的影响

界面相的存在对于SiCf/SiC复合材料的力学性能和抗氧化性能有重要影响,选择合适的界面相对于复合材料本身性能至关重要。本工作采用化学气相渗透工艺制备了具有三种不同界面的SiCf/SiC复合材料,即：SiCf/BN/SiC;SiCf/(BN-SiC)/SiC和SiCf/(BN-SiC-BN)/SiC,研究了多层界面相对材料本身力学性能和抗氧化性能影响。结果表明,界面相的存在有利于维持并提高材料本身的力学性能和抗氧化性能,并且在三种复合材料中,SiCf/(BN-SiC-BN)/SiC复合材料在1200 ℃高温有氧环境强度保有率最高约为95%,并且呈现出更好的自愈合能力。     

外加剂改性氯氧镁水泥研究进展

氯氧镁水泥具有高强度、强黏合力、耐磨、抗冲击、低碱性及低腐蚀性等优点,作为无机胶黏剂和胶凝材料已在包括木材加工在内的众多行业中应用。但氯氧镁水泥的耐水性差,严重影响了其规模化应用与推广。在保证氯氧镁水泥力学性能的条件下,如何提高其耐水性成为氯氧镁水泥的研究热点。本文综述了近年来国内外在提高氯氧镁水泥耐水性方面的研究进展,重点总结了不同外加剂应用于氯氧镁水泥改性的方法及作用机理。并对氯氧镁水泥在人造板等领域的发展前景进行了展望,以期为高性能氯氧镁水泥的开发和应用提供理论与技术指导。     

钾基地聚物防火涂料性能与陶瓷化研究

钢结构因具有多种优点而被广泛应用于工程建筑领域,但其在火灾高温环境下会丧失力学性能,造成结构失效,因此对钢结构进行防火保护成为关键。以偏高岭土、矿粉和憎水处理后的膨胀珍珠岩为主要原材料,模数为1.5的钾水玻璃为激发剂,制备非膨胀型钾基地聚物基防火涂料,并采用大板燃烧法研究该涂料在1 200 ℃下的防火性能;同时,对其在室温、1 000 ℃以及1 100 ℃热处理前后的力学性能、表观形貌、物相组成、微观结构演变进行了表征分析,探究地聚物在高温过程中的陶瓷化过程。结果表明:该防火涂料具有优异的防火能力,在1 200 ℃下进行2 h耐火极限试验后,钢板背面温度低于160 ℃;防火涂料在1 100 ℃高温热处理2 h后,抗压强度大幅增加至室温强度的5.8倍,达30.80 MPa;防火涂料基体的无定型地聚物相在800 ℃开始发生陶瓷化转变,1 100 ℃时生成的陶瓷相主要为钙长石、莫来石以及白榴石。