Study of tool trajectory in blisk channel ECM with spiral feeding

Electrochemical machining (ECM) plays an important role in blisk manufacturing. There are two steps in blisk ECM: machining of channels and precise shaping of blade profiles. In channel machining, channels are machined in the workpiece with allowance left to the following process. Therefore, the main aim of channel machining with ECM is to improve the allowance distribution. With this aim, a new ECM method for blisk channels, spiral feeding ECM, is developed in which the cathode feeds from blade tip to hub along with rotation motion around its axis. Through this combined motion, twisted channels are produced in the workpiece. The relationship between feed position and rotation angle is presented in the form of a mathematical model. Experiments with a feed rate of 1 mm/min confirm that spiral feeding ECM is feasible and efficient. Compared with radial ECM, the allowance differences in blank back and blank basin decrease by 32.7% and 33.6%, respectively. The surface roughnesses Ra in blank back, blank basin, and hub are 0.358, 0.308, and 0.102 µm, respectively. Thus, the allowance distribution is improved to be more uniform considerably and the surface quality is relatively high.     

Electrochemical stripping features of graphite and its products characterization

A stable dispersion in mixed solvent of water and N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) of graphene was synthesized by one-step electrochemical approach. Here we demonstrate about electrochemical stripping graphite to prepare graphene influence by different electrolytes. The physical and chemical properties of the stripping product had been characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) . The characteristic results of XRD showed that it could improve the efficiency of graphite stripping when H₂SO₄ was used as electrolyte mother liquid and amount of HNO₃ was doped in electrolyte; XPS and FTIR results indicate that the electrochemical stripping products preserve the intrinsic structure of graphene. The results of SEM and TEM shown that the surface morphology of the as-prepared graphene was folded lamellar structure and have good transparency;its thickness varies from 0.8 nm to a few nanometers.     

The Electrochemical Response of Single Crystalline Copper Nanowires to Atmospheric Air and Aqueous Solution

In this paper, single crystalline copper nanowires (CuNWs) have been electrochemically grown through anodic aluminum oxide template. The environmental stability of the as‐obtained CuNWs in both 40% relative humidity (RH) atmosphere and 0.1 m NaOH aqueous solution has been subsequently studied. In 40% RH atmosphere, a uniform compact Cu₂O layer is formed as a function of exposure time following the logarithmic law and epitaxially covers the CuNW surfaces. It is also found that the oxide layers on CuNWs are sequentially grown when subjected to the cyclic voltammetry measurement in 0.1 m NaOH solution. An epitaxially homogeneous Cu₂O layer is initially formed over the surface of the CuNW substrates by solid‐state reaction (SSR). Subsequently, the conversion of Cu₂O into epitaxial CuO based on the SSR takes place with the increase of applied potential. This CuO layer is partially dissolved in the solution forming Cu(OH)₂, which then redeposited on the CuNW surfaces (i.e., dissolution‐redeposition (DR) process) giving rise to a mixed polycrystalline CuO/Cu(OH)₂ layer. The further increase of applied potential allows the complete oxidation of Cu₂O into CuO to form a dual‐layer structure (i.e., CuO inner layer and Cu(OH)₂ outer layer) with random orientations through an enhanced DR process.     

A Cost‐Efficient Bifunctional Ultrathin Nanosheets Array for Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting

The design of cost‐efficient earth‐abundant catalysts with superior performance for the electrochemical water splitting is highly desirable. Herein, a general strategy for fabricating superior bifunctional water splitting electrodes is reported, where cost‐efficient earth‐abundant ultrathin Ni‐based nanosheets arrays are directly grown on nickel foam (NF). The newly created Ni‐based nanosheets@NF exhibit unique features of ultrathin building block, 3D hierarchical structure, and alloy effect with the optimized Ni₅Fe layered double hydroxide@NF (Ni₅Fe LDH@NF) exhibiting low overpotentials of 210 and 133 mV toward both oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction at 10 mA cm^?2 in alkaline condition, respectively. More significantly, when applying as the bifunctional overall water splitting electrocatalyst, the Ni₅Fe LDH@NF shows an appealing potential of 1.59 V at 10 mA cm^?2 and also superior durability at the very high current density of 50 mA cm^?2.     

Polypyrrole Whelk‐Like Arrays toward Robust Controlling Manipulation of Organic Droplets Underwater

Whelk‐like polypyrrole (PPy) arrays film is successfully prepared by electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of low‐surface‐energy tetraethylammonium perfluorooctanesulfonate (TEAPFOS) as dopant. The underwater wettability of PPy whelk‐like arrays can be successfully tuned by electrical doping/dedoping of PFOS ions. Interestingly, CCl₄ droplets with microliter‐size as a representative sample are gathered together to form a larger droplet underwater at the potential of +0.8 V (vs Ag/AgCl), because PPy is in its PFOS‐doped states. Note that CCl₄ droplet can climb uphill successfully on the inclined whelk‐like arrays PPy film under the applied potential of ?1.0 V (vs Ag/AgCl), which may be attributed to wettability gradient derived from different oxidation states of PPy induced by electrochemical potential. These results may provide a simple strategy for on‐demand manipulation of organic droplets underwater at low voltage.     

电化学合成聚吡咯/二氧化硅复合膜及其防腐性能

采用循环伏安法,在316不锈钢电极表面原位生成聚吡咯-二氧化硅(PPy-SiO2)复合膜。红外光谱分析表明,通过电化学法可以在316不锈钢表面生成PPy-SiO2复合膜。利用扫描电镜考察了PPy与PPy-SiO2膜层形貌,发现相对于PPy膜层,PPy-SiO2膜层有着较为均一的表面状态。分别将316不锈钢、316不锈钢/PPy、316不锈钢/PPy-SiO2浸泡于3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl水溶液中,采用开路电位-时间(OCP-Time)曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)考察了PPy膜层与PPy-SiO2复合膜层对不锈钢的防腐性能,结果表明,浸泡初期,影响膜层防腐性能的主要因素是膜层与不锈钢电极表面的吸附能力,PPy的金属防护效果高于PPy-SiO2;浸泡1 h后,影响膜层防腐性能的主要因素转变为膜层本身抑制水分子渗透的能力,PPy-SiO2的金属防护效果高于PPy。对PPy膜层与PPy-SiO2复合膜层进行了抗阴极剥离实验,结果显示,PPy-SiO2复合膜层具有更高的抗阴极剥离能力。     

钛基亚氧化钛电极电化学降解性能研究

采用SEM、EDS对钛基亚氧化钛电极进行形貌和成分表征,用线性极化曲线法和循环伏安法测试电化学性能,通过降解模拟污水测试降解性能以及用荧光光谱法检测自由基。结果表明,钛基亚氧化钛电极上不能发生直接氧化反应,但是电极析氧电位可达2.18 V(vs.SCE),并且检测到生成大量·OH,是一种类似于Ti/SnO_2的惰性电极,在Na Cl和Na2SO4电解质溶液中电流效率分别达40.95%和22.52%,降解效果优于Ti/SnO_2和Ti/Ru Ir电极。     

椰壳活性炭孔结构对Li-S电池性能的影响

以椰壳为原料,采用化学活化法制备不同比表面积和孔结构的活性炭,通过改变制备工艺参数来调节活性炭的比表面积和孔结构。将活性炭负载60%(质量分数)硫后,作为锂硫电池的正极材料,研究活性炭孔结构对锂硫电池性能的影响。结果表明:随着活性炭比表面积的增加,中孔比例增加,锂硫电池比容量逐步提高。其中,当活化剂与炭化料的质量比为4时,活性炭的比表面积达到2900m2/g,中孔率达到15.36%。在电流密度为200mA/g时,首次放电比容量高达1294.5mAh/g,循环100次后的可逆比容量仍然高达809.3mAh/g。