Large-scale protein identification of human urine proteome by multi-dimensional LC and MS/MS

Urine is a human specimen that is easily obtained non-invasively for clinical diagnosis. We attempted to enhance the resolution of current human urine proteomes and construct a comprehensive reference database for advanced studies, such as the discovery of biomarkers for renal diseases. Multi-dimensional LC-MS/MS was coupled with de novo sequencing and database matching. The proposed approach improved the identification of not only the proteins, but also the post-translational sites of urinary proteins. We identified 165, 200 and 259 unique gene products in the urine proteomes from males, females and pregnant women, respectively. When all of the results were combined and the redundancies removed, a total of 1095 distinct peptides were identified. Of these, 1016 peptides were associated with 334 unique gene products. In this study, over 100 gene products, including some disease-related proteins, were detected in urine for the first time by proteomic approaches. Various proteins with novel post-translational hydroxylation were identified using the MASCOT program and de novo sequencing. All proteins with peptide information were summarized into a comprehensive urine protein database. We believe that this comprehensive urine proteome database will assist in the identification of urinary proteins/polypeptides whose spectra are difficult to interpret in the discovery of urinary biomarkers.     

电流变抛光液剪切屈服特性

通过电子显微镜观察了在电场作用下电流变抛光液微粒垂直电极形成的纤维柱状微观结构。根据粒子的结合模型和粒子间的作用力,建立了电流变抛光液的静态剪切屈服应力模型,计算了粒子链的抗剪切强度。在屈服应力测试装置上进行了电流变抛光液的静态剪切屈服应力实验,得到了磨料种类、浓度和粒度对电流变抛光液的剪切屈服应力的影响规律,并通过实验对理论模型进行了验证。     

Multicomponent diffusion in phase-separating polymer blends with different frictional interactions: a mean-friction model

We present a compact formula for describing the mean frictional forces acting on a molecule in multicomponent systems. The friction-based diffusion theory of Zielinski and Hanley was extended to newly include the friction-average molar velocity as a reference frame. The results showed that the previous diffusion theories are unified by the friction-average concept by properly choosing the average velocity. The present model based on the diffusivity-related molar average velocity provides better predictions for the diffusive flux in a ternary miscible liquid compared to the other existing theories. The application of the model in phase-separating ternary systems revealed that the introduction of a highly diffusive third component into demixing polymer blends promotes a particular enhancement of the spinodal decomposition due to the difference in the frictional interactions between polymers.     

Quantum Phase Transition in the BCS-to-BEC Evolution of p-wave Fermi Gases

We discuss the possibility of a quantum phase transition in ultra-cold spin-polarized Fermi gases which exhibit a p-wave Feshbach resonance. We show that when fermionic atoms form a condensate that can be externally tuned between the BCS and BEC limits, the zero temperature compressibility and the spin susceptibility of the fermionic gas are non-analytic functions of the two-body bound state energy. This non-analyticity is due to a massive rearrangement of the momentum distribution in the ground state of the system. Furthermore, we show that the low temperature superfluid density is also non-analytic and exhibits a dramatic change in behavior when the critical value of the bound state energy is crossed.     

利用电流变液阻尼器改变切削系统特性的研究

为了进一步对先前研制的一种基于电流变液阻尼器的切削颤振抑制结构进行系统的研究,对其静态和动态特性进行了实验和理论研究。结果证明,这种结构可以显著改变车刀刀杆的固有频率、阻尼性能等动态特性和静态特性,在零电场下刀杆的静柔度约0.5μm/N,电场强度为1.5kV/mm时减小到约0.3μm/N,2kV/mm时减小到约0.2μm/N;在零电场时刀杆的加载和卸载曲线是大致重合的,近似一纯弹性体;而在电场强度为1.5kV/mm和2kV/mm时加载与卸载曲线包绕的面积都明显增大;刀杆的阻尼比在3kV/mm时为0.05127,而1.5kV/mm和0kV/mm时分别为0.02882和0.02163。动柔度曲线显示:随着电场强度的增大,结构的阻尼比增大,共振峰值减小。利用这种结构具有可控动态性能这一优点,可以在线对机床车削振动进行有效控制。     

含电流变液夹层板振动的模糊控制

基于模糊控制理论，对含电流变液夹层板的振动控制进行了仿真和实验研究。通过动态特性实验识别出仿真所需的振动系统动力学参数，根据不同电场强度下夹层板实测的频响函数曲线，设计出模糊控制律。振动控制的数值仿真及模型实验结果表明，用模糊控制方法控制含电流变液夹层板的振动十分有效，模糊控制器对振动系统的适应性较强，在实际控制时不要求建立系统准确的力学模型，避免了对电流变液夹层进行力学建模的困难。     

温度和应变频率对电流变体（ER）的力学参数的影响

通过对玉米粉／玉米油电流变体（ＥＲ）的力学参数测试，研究了电场强度（Ｅ）、温度（Ｔ）和应变频率（ｆ）对ＥＲ储能模量（Ｇ′）、耗散模量（Ｇ＂）及粘度系数（η′、η＂）的影响。实验结果表明：Ｇ′随Ｅ和ｆ的增大而增大；Ｇ＂随Ｅ的增大而增大，而随ｆ的变化具有峰值特征，最大值发生在１５～３０Ｈｚ之间；η′、η＂随Ｅ和ｆ的变化与Ｇ′、Ｇ＂的变化趋势相同；而温度的升高均使Ｇ′、Ｇ＂、η′和η＂值降低。     

不同冲击波强度下流体界面运动变化的数值模拟

采用数值模拟的方法对不同冲击波强度条件下界面的运动变化进行了数值模拟，探讨了冲击波强度对界面运动变化的影响，该研究为提高不同流体间的混合效果提供了依据。