注入剂量对300℃下Mn+注入p型GaN薄膜的结构和磁性影响

在(0001)面的蓝宝石衬底上用低压MOCVD法生长p型GaN外延层.对p型GaN薄膜用180keV的Mn 离子注入进行磁性粒子掺杂,注入时GaN薄膜处于300℃,注入剂量分别为5.0×1015、1.0×1016和5.0×1016cm-2.对注入的样品在N2气流中进行快速热退火处理,温度为850℃,时间为30s.用超导量子干涉仪(SQUID)对样品的磁性进行了分析,在5.0×1015cm-2的注入样品中发现了较强的铁磁性;而1.0×1016和5.0×1016cm-2的Mn 离子注入样品中铁磁响应有所减弱.结合用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对在不同剂量下Mn 注入GaN薄膜的结构、形貌和成分的分析,揭示了不同剂量磁性离子注入给GaN薄膜带来的结构、形貌和相应的铁磁性变化规律,发现只有适当的注入剂量(5.0×1015cm-2)才有利于在300℃下用180keV的Mn 注入对p型GaN薄膜进行磁性离子掺杂.     

Sn掺杂对(In0.95-xSnxFe0.05)2O3薄膜的结构、电学及磁特性的影响

我们利用脉冲激光沉积的方法制备了一系列(In0.95-xSnxFe0.05)2O3 (x=0~0.09)薄膜,并在其中发现了室温铁磁性。X射线衍射结果表明锡与铁离子已掺入氧化铟晶格。随着锡的掺入,样品内的载流子浓度得到了很大的提高,但相应的铁磁性却几乎没有变化。我们认为氧空位相关的束缚磁极化子模型能够跟好的解释我们的铁掺杂氧化铟薄膜中的铁磁耦合的机制,而载流子传导的RKKY相互作用则不适用于这一系统。     

铬掺杂CdS纳米棒室温铁磁性及光学性质

具有室温铁磁性能的Cr掺杂CdS纳米棒用简单的溶剂热法被成功地合成。X-射线衍射(XRD)分析表明产物为六方相CdS。 透射电镜(TEM)分析表明,不同铬含量的CdS均为纳米棒,CdS纳米棒长为100-350 nm,平均直径为20-30 nm,几乎与掺入铬的质量无关。 能量色散谱(EDS)测试表明,合成产物由S、Cd和Cr组成。振动样品磁强计(VSM)表明,Cr掺杂CdS纳米棒在室温下具有铁磁性,而没有Cr掺杂CdS纳米棒具有弱铁磁性。Cr掺杂CdS纳米棒(Cr = 4.17 at%,7.31 at%)的饱和磁化强度Ms分别约为3.907和8.798(10-3 emu/g),Hc的矫顽力约为96.21和 137.15 Oe。 CdS纳米棒室温铁磁性能的产生与CdS晶格中Cd原子被Cr的取代有着密切关系。     

Self‐Assembled Platinum Nanochain Networks Driven by Induced Magnetic Dipoles

Developing a reliable technique to organize nanoscale building blocks into ordered one‐dimensional assemblies is of particular interest in a range of practical applications. Here, for the first time, it is reported that platinum (Pt) nanoparticle chain networks can be assembled spontaneously in solution on a large scale. The in‐situ induced magnetic dipoles are believed to be the driving force for producing such elegant assembled nanochains. The alterant electronic structure of Pt modified by a very thin layer of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) molecules leads to the ferromagnetism of Pt (a traditional paramagnetic metal), which has been verified by a series of analysis techniques and theoretical modeling. The temperature‐ and time‐dependent nucleation, growth, and organization processes of Pt chain networks are carefully investigated. These findings not only present the uncommon ferromagnetism of Pt, but also raise a possibility for expanding this strategy towards other assemblies of nonmagnetic nanoscale building blocks.     

Simultaneous phase separation and ferromagnetic transition in NdIn3−xCox

The crystal structures and magnetic properties of 3d transition metal Co dilute NdIn_3−xCo_x alloys have been studied by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. Co doping into NdIn₃ causes the phase separation from cubic AuCu₃-type to hexagonal CaIn₂-type structure associated with a magnetic transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic. Rietveld's structural refinement confirms that two nonequivalent crystal positions (2b and 4f) exist in one unit cell for the hexagonal phase, which are occupied by 2Nd and 4(In,Co), respectively. The ferromagnetism of NdIn_3−xCo_x is suggested to be caused by the spin-spin interactions between Co and Co atoms. The increase of magnetic moment in NdIn_3−xCo_x might be due to the partial substitution of non-magnetic element In by 3d transition metal Co in the host material and thus a net moment is produced.     

Room temperature ferromagnetism in Cd1−xCrxTe diluted magnetic semiconductor crystals

Cd_1−xCr_xTe diluted magnetic semiconductor crystals were grown by vapor phase growth technique in the composition range of 0≤x≤0.05 and the effect of Cr doping on structural, morphological, optical and magnetic properties have been explored. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that all the grown crystals were zinc blende in structure without having any phase transition up to a Cr doping level of x=0.05. The lattice parameter decreased with increase in Cr doping level. Optical studies indicated that the optical band gap of the crystals decreased with the increase of Cr doping level. Magnetic properties were studied using vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature and room temperature ferromagnetism was observed in all the Cr doped CdTe crystals.     

Magnetism of epitaxial Ru and Rh monolayers on graphite

Recently, Pfandzelter et al. (1995) reported the first observation of monolayer ferromagnetism of a 4d metal, namely in a Ru monolayer grown on graphite. Using the tight-binding linear-muffin-tin-orbital (TB-LMTO) method we have calculated the electronic and magnetic structure of epitaxial Ru and Rh monolayers on graphite with the experimentally determined atomic density. Monolayers of the other 4d elements were found to be non-magnetic already in the free-standing limit. The magnetic structure of the Ru and Rh monolayers is studied as a function of metal-graphite interlayer distance h. They become magnetic at h = 4.5 a.u. (Ru) and h = 4.8 a.u. (Rh) in a first-order transition. In the assumed p(2 × 2) super-structure, the moments on the “hollow” site atoms are up to four times bigger than those on the “on-top” site atoms. For h > 5.4 a.u. (Ru) and h > 5.1 a.u. (Rh) the site dependence vanishes and the moments of the free monolayers are approximately reached (1.9 μ_B and 1.2 μ_B, respectively).     

Magnetic Properties of Chalcopyrite-Based Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors

We calculated the chemical trends of transition metal-doped chalcopyrite DMS (diluted magnetic semiconductors) by the use of KKR–CPA–LDA method. The ferromagnetism was stable in V- and Cr-doped chalcopyrite DMS. In the case of Fe and Co doping, however, the spinglass-like state was realized. On the other hand, in the cases of Mn doped I-III-VI₂ and II-IV-V₂ type DMS, the ground state was ferromagnetic and spinglass-like, respectively.     

Interplay of superconductivity with magnetism in two-dimensional organic salts

The Fermi surface studies of layered BEDT-TTF salts have shown that some of them possess two kinds of bands; quasi 1D and 2D bands. The latter may work for superconductivity while the former for SDW. The interplay of the superconductivity with the magnetic ordering based on different Fermi surfaces have emerged as intriguing subjects in (BEDT-TTF)₂ MHg(SCN)₄ (M=NH₄, K, Tl, Rb), and in (BEDT-TTF)₂Cu[N(CN)₂]Cl, where the interplay appears in different manners. They are compared to the cases for ternary and actinide compounds.This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry o f Education, Science and Culture and by International Joint Research Grant from NEDO, Japan.     

Enhancement of Ferromagnetism in Nonmagnetic Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Facet Engineering

Ferromagnetism in semiconducting metal oxide nanoparticles has been intensively investigated due to their potential applications in spintronics, information storage, and biomedicine. Ferromagnetism can be produced in nonmagnetic metal oxide nanoparticles by a variety of methods or factors, but the saturated magnetization is typically of the order of 10^?4 emu g^?1 and too small to be useful in practice. In this work, it is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that stronger ferromagnetism can be achieved in undoped nonmagnetic metal oxide semiconductors by exposing some specific polar crystal facets with carvings of special bonds via the interaction with underlying vacancies. In₂O₃ microcubes with completely enclosed {001} polar facets show two orders of magnitude enhancement at room temperature compared to nanoparticles with an irregular morphology. The surface magnetic domains on the {001} facets account for the significantly enhanced ferromagnetism. The technique and concept described here can be extended to other types of metal oxide nanostructures to spur their application to spintronics.