Removal of Heavy Metal Ions by Waste Biomass of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

The kinetics, equilibriums, and thermodynamics of metal ion (Pb2+, Ag2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Sr2+, and Cs+) biosorption by the waste yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from a local brewery were investigated. The results showed that the biosorption of these metal ions on the biomass was a very rapid process, following the pseudo-second-order equation gave the better fitting results in describing the kinetic data than the pseudo-first-order equation. The equilibrium data could be fitted well with the Langmuir model. The maximum sorption capacity obtained from the Langmuir model followed Pb>Ag>Cu>Zn>Co>Sr>Cs (based on mmol?g?1). The biosorption process by the yeast was favorable for these metal ions removal according to the constant separation factor (0相似文献   

Removal of Metal Ions from Storm-Water Runoff by Low-Cost Sorbents: Batch and Column Studies

The possibility of using the sorption technology to reduce the levels of metal ions present in urban storm-water runoff was investigated in this study. Seven sorbent materials including Amberlite XAD7, chitosan, crab shell, peat, Sargassum, sawdust, and sugarcane bagasse were initially examined for removal of 11 metal ions (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) from simulated storm-water runoff at different concentrations. Among these sorbents, crab shell performed well with removal efficiencies exceeding 93% for all heavy metal ions examined and thus selected for further studies. Based on scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, microprecipitation of metal carbonates followed by adsorption onto the surface of crab shell was identified as the major mechanism responsible for removal of heavy metal ions by crab shell. Crab shell exhibited rapid removal of meal ions with attainment of biosorption equilibrium within 20 min. A crab-shell-packed column was used to study the continuous metal retention process. The column performed very well in the removal of heavy metal ions and was able to operate up to 192 h at a flow rate of 10 mL/min before outlet concentrations of Mn and Co reached 0.3 times of their respective inlet concentrations. Other metal ions such as Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd, and Cu were only in trace levels in the final effluent until 192 h. These findings would form the basis for the future development of crab-shell-based biofilters for removal of dissolved heavy metal ions from storm-water runoff.     

Researches on Ni-P Alloys

Worldwide researches on Ni-P alloys have been briefly reviewed,including their corrosion resistance,crystallisation behaviour,amorphisation by ion implantation,and usage as underlayer for thin film magnet-ic media.     

Redox Control in Solvent Extraction Studies Using a PEEK AKUFVE Unit

Abstract

When studying actinides or other elements with different possible oxidation states it is important to control which state is present in solution. Earlier redox control has been done by adding some other element to the solution but this approach introduces additional uncertainties. Since the sixties the AKUFVE apparatus has been used for precise solvent extraction studies. Now this equipment has been improved with redox control facilities, additional thermal control, and all parts in contact with the liquids are made of polyetherether ketone (PEEK) to minimize sorption.     

Structure and magnetic properties of a multi-principal element Ni–Fe–Cr–Co–Zn–Mn alloy

A nanocrystalline alloy with a nominal composition of Ni₂₀Fe₂₀Cr₂₀Co₂₀Zn₁₅Mn₅ was produced by mechanical alloying and processed using annealing treatments between 450 and 600 °C for lengths from 0.5 to 4 h. Analysis was conducted using x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, magnetometry, and first-principles calculations. Despite designing the alloy using empirical high-entropy alloy guidelines, it was found to precipitate numerous phases after annealing. These precipitates included a magnetic phase, α-FeCo, which, after the optimal heat treatment conditions of 1 h at 500 °C, resulted in an alloy with reasonably good hard magnetic properties. The effect of annealing temperature and time on the microstructure and magnetic properties are discussed, as well as the likely mechanisms that cause the microstructure development.     

化学法浸提污泥土地利用的适用性

以L一天冬氨酸、氨三乙酸、DL一苹果酸和丙二酸为浸提剂,研究了化学法浸提污泥对重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、cr)形态、营养元素流失、污泥农用后作物生长状况及重金属累积的影响,分析了化学法浸提污泥土地利用的适用性.结果表明:浸提剂对cu、zn、Ph、cr最高去除率分别为89.1%、32.4%、52.7%、39.2%,化学浸提后,残留于污泥中的重金属不稳定态含量显著减少,提高了污泥土地利用的安全性;污泥经化学法浸提后总氮和总磷的流失率分别为9.0%~92.0%和56.4%~77.3%,但仍能保持较好的肥效,满足土地利用的需要.将污泥适量施于农田,小麦植株干重明显增加,但随着污泥施用量的增加,小麦根系和茎叶中重金属的累积量随之增加.从小麦生长状况与重金属残留综合考虑,污泥与土壤的配比为50%较为合适.     

泡沫金属的性能及应用研究进展

对泡沫金属的性能和应用研究现状进行了全面综述,性能方面主要包括泡沫金属的力学性能、能量吸收性、热性能、导电性能、声学性能及阻尼性,应用方面主要进行了结构和功能应用的分析,并就泡沫金属的性能和应用发展的前沿问题进行了讨论,指出了性能研究和应用研究的发展方向,对泡沫金属的性能研究和应用开发具有重要意义。     

钛白副产硫酸亚铁制备超细透明氧化铁黄研究

以钛白粉厂副产物硫酸亚铁为原料,以氨水为沉淀剂,采用空气氧化法制备超细透明氧化铁黄.分别研究了影响晶种形成和晶体生长的主要影响因素.通过优化实验,得出了最佳工艺条件.晶种制备阶段：温度为30℃,空气流量为2L/min,溶液的pH为4～6,搅拌速度为400r/min,Fe2＋浓度为1mol/L.晶体生长阶段：温度为85℃,空气流量为2L/min,溶液pH为4～6.     

稀土贵金属材料研究进展

本文总结了贵金属材料应用中存在的关键问题,综述了近年来国内外稀土贵金属材料研究领域中的主要进展。从净化、细化和微合金化的角度,分析了稀土在贵金属中的作用机理。根据稀土在不同贵金属中的作用特性,讨论了在我国开展新型稀土贵金属材料研究,提高稀土附加值,满足工业增长需求的可行性和紧迫性。     

膨润土在污水处理中的应用研究与展望

膨润土在污水处理中的应用研究已经受到人们的广泛关注。膨润土在造纸废水、有机废水和重金属废水处理的应用研究中取得良好的效果,其中用添加助剂的膨润土处理造纸废水,COD去除率可达近80%;用阴-阳离子表面活性剂改性的膨润土成功地应用于有机废水处理;对于含重金属离子的废水的处理,膨润土也有很大的应用空间。总之,膨润土作为一种环境矿物材料研究还处于起步阶段,可以预见,随着对膨润土及其深加工产品开发,它在污水处理领域的应用将越来越广泛。