碱性铁盐缓冲水溶液脱硫法原理

为消除气体中硫化氢对人类及生态环境的危害和对工业生产的影响,提出用氢氧化铁（亚铁）的“醋酸─醋酸钠（钾）－氨”的缓冲水溶液,在对苯二酚或水杨酸的催化下,脱除气体中的硫化氢、少量二氧化碳和部分氧气;脱硫液自动再生,产生单质硫.脱硫后气体中硫化氢含量可降至1.52mg·m~(-3)以下,成本低,操作稳定,腐蚀轻,无环境污染．同时,建立了相应的数学模型,经实验验证,实验结果与数学模型基本符合．     

Influence of ammonia on thiophene HDS at high pressures over noble metal catalysts for deep HDS applications

The thiophene hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity of Pt/ASA, Pt/SiO₂, Ir/ASA and Ir/SiO₂ catalysts at thiophene concentrations of 300 ppm has been studied at 573 K and 20 bar. Pt/ASA showed the highest HDS activity. Nitrogen tolerance was investigated by co-feeding ammonia in gas phase concentrations from 10 to 1000 ppm. The amorphous silica alumina (ASA) supported catalysts were similarly strongly inhibited by the presence of ammonia, with even 10 ppm of ammonia causing a significant drop in activity, despite widely different dispersions. The SiO₂ supported catalysts were less severely affected by the presence of ammonia.     

甲烷—二氧化碳重整反应制取合成气的新进展

综述了９０年代以来ＣＨ４－ＣＯ２重整反应在改性镍基催化剂、贵金属负载型催化剂和分子筛催化材料研究方面的最新发展。     

亚铁离子对磷化膜质量影响的研究

研究了常温锌系磷化液中亚铁离子含量对磷化过程及磷膜性能的影响。当磷化液中亚铁离子含量为０．３－２ｇ／Ｌ时,可获得质量满意的磷膜层。并探讨了亚铁离子的作用机理。     

Molecular catalysis in liquid multiphase systems

The possibilities of using liquid-liquid biphase or multiphase reaction systems for organometallic catalysis are discussed. An overview of important industrial two-phase processes, including – among others – the Shell α-olefin process and the Ruhrchemie/Rhône Poulenc process for propene-1 hydroformylation, is given. The special effects of the aqueous environment are discussed through the examples of the catalytic isomerization of allylbenzene and the hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes (pH-effects), the catalyzed deuteriation of itaconic acid from D₂O as the deuterium source (micellar effects), the reduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid and the spontaneous formation of phosphonium salts (stabilizing effects of hydration and protonation).     

面心立方金属板材单轴拉伸织构的演变

采用速率敏感晶体塑性理论,预测了面心立方金属板材单轴拉伸过程中主要理想取向的稳定性。结果表明,相对于拉伸坐标系而言,稳定性较好的理想取向,主要包括稳定取向Ｇ｛１１０｝〈００１〉Ｔ和亚稳取向Ｂ｛１１０｝〈１１２〉Ｔ与Ｓ｛１２３｝〈６３４〉Ｔ,以及在不同初始塑性应变比（Ｒ值）条件下可能成为稳定或亚稳取向的Ｃｕ｛１１２｝〈１１１〉Ｔ与Ｐ｛１１０｝〈１１１〉Ｔ和Ｃ｛１００｝〈００１〉Ｔ。取向ＲＧ｛１１０｝〈１１０〉Ｔ和ＲＣｕ｛１１２｝〈１１０〉Ｔ的稳定性较差。理想取向所对应的织构组分的稳定性与之相似     

用MIBK萃取铂族金属离子与硫氰酸根络合物

在一定酸度和温度条件下,用过量ＫＳＣＮ将铂族金属离子的氯络合物转变为硫氰酸络合物,最后调至≈３ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ酸度,用ＭＩＢＫ可将铂族金属离子的硫氰酸络合物定量萃取。Ｉｒ只有７４．３％被萃取,在ＭＩＢＫ中加入少量叔胺或氯化三正辛基甲基胺则Ｉｒ的异配络合物萃取〉９８％《     

Recycled hard metal-base wear-resistant composite coatings

The abrasion-erosion wear resistance of composite coatings from self-fluxing Ni-base alloy and WC-Co hard metal powders is evaluated. The resistance of thermal sprayed and melted NiCrSiB-(WC-Co) coatings was found to be markedly higher than that of NiCrSiB and slightly higher than that of comparative welded coatings. Microstructural and surface analyses were used to describe the coatings and the wear damage. Based on the principles of creating wear-resistant coatings and on experimental studies of wear resistance, high wear-resistant, composite NiCrSiB-(WC-Co) coatings were fabricated. These coatings exhibited 300% higher wear resistance than 0.45% C steel.     

Accumulation and Transport of Sediment Metals by the Vertically Migrating Opossum Shrimp,Mysis relicta

This study examined the accumulation of metals (Al, As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni, V, and Zn) in the opossum shrimp Mysis relicta from sediments to understand the contribution of sediment metals to overall body burden metal contents. Metal biota-sediment accumulation factors, tissue depuration ratios, and sediment metal assimilation efficiencies were calculated to examine the extent to which mysids accumulate metals from sediments contained within their guts. Results were then used to estimate the concentrations of metals transported to the water column and to fish because of mysid diel vertical migration. Results showed that Al, Cr, Fe, and V were readily depurated (34 to 73% of total body burden) and were not preferentially accumulated in mysid tissues (Biota Sediment Accumulation Factor, BSAF < 0.009). In comparison, As, Cd, Cu, and Zn were not readily depurated (9 to 26% of total body burden) and were more readily accumulated in mysid tissues (BSAF > 0.037). Nickel shows an intermediate behavior for depuration and accumulation. Calculations suggest that following 12 hours depuration through vertical migration, about 1.57 μg sediment/mysid (0.05% of dry weight of M. relicta) remained as gut contents. As a result, 16 to 50% of the Al, Cr, Fe, Ni, and V and 1.0 to 5.5% of the As, Cd, Cu, and Zn mysid body burden metal content transported to the water column was attributed to sediment in the gut. These results indicate that trace metals (As, Cd, Cu, and Zn) ingested from sediments are poorly accumulated in mysids (calculated AEs ranged from 0.07 for Cr to -11 for Cu) and metals transported by mysids to fish in the water column are primarily associated with mysid tissues.     

美国哈兹雷特有色连铸技术的最新进展

本文综合述评了哈兹雷特有色连铸技术的最新进展,特别叙述了它在铝、铜、锌和铅合金铸造方面的应用。指出该法可成功地用于铝板带、铜线杆、铜阳极板及铜板带的铸造。