软计算及其在钢铁冶金工业中的应用

软计算是解决含有不确定性、不精确性问题的关键技术之一;在众多的实际应用中,软计算已经体现出了卓越的性能.本文分析了软计算中三个主要的方法:模糊逻辑、神经网络和遗传算法,并分别介绍了它们在钢铁冶金工业中的应用.     

Highly Active and Diastereoselective N,O‐ and N,N‐Yttrium Complexes for Intramolecular Hydroamination

The intramolecular hydroamination of aminoalkynes and unactivated aminoalkenes catalyzed by yttrium N,O‐ and N,N‐complexes has been investigated. The N,N‐yttrium complexes are highly active, catalyzing the conversion of a wide range of terminal aminoalkenes at room temperature, and internal aminoalkenes at elevated temperature, to yield pyrrolidine and piperidine products in high yields. A high diastereoselectivity of up to 23:1 is observed at 0 °C with 1‐methyl‐4‐pentenylamine as substrate.     

p型金刚石欧姆接触的研究

金刚石的欧姆接触是制造半导体器接触的研究进展,结合器件的发展和实际工艺的要求,讨论了改善欧姆接触特性的途径和方法,指出目前存在急需解决的一些问题.     

Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Chemiresistors: Does the Nanoscale Matter?

Sensor technology is one of the most important key technologies of the future with a constantly increasing number of applications, both in the industrial and in the private sectors. More and more gas sensors are used for the control of technical processes, in environment monitoring, healthcare, and automobiles. Consequently, the development of fast and sensitive gas sensors with small cross sensitivity is the subject of intense research, propelled by strategies based on nanoscience and -technology. Established systems can be improved and novel sensor concepts based on bottom-up approaches show that the sensor properties can be controlled by molecular design. This Review highlights the recent developments and reflects the impact of nanoscience on sensor technology.     

Formation and impact of granules in fostering clean energy production and wastewater treatment in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors

Anaerobic reactors have acquired a new relevance in recent years due to their ability to generate methane from biodegradable wastewaters—thereby producing clean energy. Methane capture in this manner also prevents the escape of the greenhouse gas to the atmosphere which otherwise occurs when anaerobic conditions develop in drains and outfalls carrying wastewater. Of all the different types of anaerobic reactors in vogue - anaerobic filter, downflow fixed-film reactor, expanded fluidized-bed anaerobic reactor, etc. - the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor is arguably the most widely used. Nearly 80% of the world's anaerobic wastewater treatment systems are estimated to be based on the UASB technology. The functioning of a UASB reactor revolves round its sludge bed which gets expanded as the wastewater is made to flow vertically upwards through it. It is the microflora attached to the sludge particles which acts upon the wastewater. Hence the quality of biofilms sported by the sludge particles, and the intimacy of the sludge-wastewater contact are the factors which, principally, govern the success of a UASB reactor. Very early in the development of UASB technology it was realized that granular sludge of appropriate particle size, particle density, and microfilm characteristics enhances the reactor efficiency in terms of the rate as well as the extent of wastewater treatment. From then onwards efforts have been made by scientists across the world to understand the factors which shape the granules and the manner in which the granules contribute to wastewater treatment. The state-of-the-art is presented in this paper.     

110MW重型燃气轮机透平转子组件加工工艺技术

介绍了110 MW重型燃气轮机透平转子组件中高温铁基合金等零部件的结构和特点,分析了各零部件的加工制造工艺技术难点.通过工艺攻关,提出可行的加工工艺方案,解决了该合金零部件加工制造过程中的难点,最终制造质量完全满足了设计需求.     

Zn-Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头组织和性能(英文)

使用不同成分的Zn-Al钎料对铜铝异种金属进行火焰钎焊,研究其力学性能。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱研究不同Zn-Al钎料对Cu/Al钎焊接头钎焊性、力学性能及显微组织的影响。结果表明:随着Al含量的增加,Zn-Al钎料在Cu和Al上的铺展面积逐渐增大。当钎料中Al含量为15%时,Cu/Al接头的抗剪强度达到最大值88MPa;随着组织的变化,钎缝硬度值呈现HV122到HV515不等的分布。另外,钎缝组织的成分主要为富Zn相和富Al相,但是当钎料中Al含量为2%和15%以上时,靠近Cu侧的界面处会分别形成CuZn3和Al2Cu两种完全不同的金属间化合物。研究Zn-Al钎料中铝含量对Cu/Al接头界面化合物类型的影响。     

泡沫金属力学性能研究的分析概述

泡沫金属有体积密度小、比表面积大等优点,还有一定的强度、延展性和可加工性,故可用作轻质结构和功能一体化材料。此外,泡沫金属作为结构材料通常要与致密壳层组成夹芯结构（三明治结构）来使用。此类材料及其夹芯结构在实际应用中经常会遇到拉压、弯曲、剪切和扭转等作用,所以其断裂破坏强度等力学性能问题的研究是一项富有现实意义的工作。本文概述了泡沫金属及其夹芯结构的力学性能研究状况,分析了研究工作中存在的一些不足,提出了一些可能的研究发展趋势。这些也许可以为材料和结构的优化设计提供一定的参考。