基于物联网技术的柔性管道巡检机器人

介绍了一种基于“物联网传感器”技术,具有强大信息传输功能的智能管道巡检机器人。该型智能管道巡检机器人主要运用于建筑领域,为施工过程中的“管道布设”、“基坑监测”及“重点管线巡查”提供硬件支持。该型机器人集“智能数据采集”、“智能数据分析”、“智能管内巡检”等功能于一身,能够满足全天候值守巡检的要求。同时,应用 “总线设计”及“模块化设计”的思路,使该型检测设备能够与各种类型的专用传感系统进行结合,方便检测人员根据现场的实际需求,随时组装出具有相应功能的管道巡检机器人。     

多端柔性直流电网的中高频振荡特性分析

大量研究和实发事件表明,柔性直流输电技术的应用会在系统中引入潜在的振荡风险。以往对于柔直振荡的研究往往集中于交流侧,而对于直流电网侧的振荡问题研究较少。该文针对柔直换流器与直流电网之间的振荡问题展开研究,首先通过电磁暂态仿真分析复现出柔直系统中高频振荡现象,其次建立系统直流阻抗网络模型,然后采用对数导数法定量分析系统振荡模式,最后分析了振荡的影响因素,总结了多端柔直电网中高频振荡特性。     

Scalable Flexible Hybrid Membranes with Photonic Structures for Daytime Radiative Cooling

Passive radiative cooling technology can cool down an object by reflecting solar light and radiating heat simultaneously. However, photonic radiators generally require stringent and nanoscale‐precision fabrication, which greatly restricts mass production and renders them less attractive for large‐area applications. A simple, inexpensive, and scalable electrospinning method is demonstrated for fabricating a high‐performance flexible hybrid membrane radiator (FHMR) that consists of polyvinylidene fluoride/tetraethyl orthosilicate fibers with numerous nanopores inside and SiO₂ microspheres randomly distributed across its surface. Even without silver back‐coating, a 300 µm thick FHMR has an average infrared emissivity >0.96 and reflects ≈97% of solar irradiance. Moreover, it exhibits great flexibility and superior strength. The daytime cooling performance this device is experimentally demonstrated with an average radiative cooling power of 61 W m^?2 and a temperature decrease up to 6 °C under a peak solar intensity of 1000 W m^?2. This performance is comparable to those of state‐of‐the‐art devices.     

The First Flexible Dual‐Ion Microbattery Demonstrates Superior Capacity and Ultrahigh Energy Density: Small and Powerful

Humans live today in a high‐tech and informationalized society. With the development of the emerging electronic information age, various electronic systems are inclined to be multifunctional and miniaturized. It is urgent to develop “small and powerful” micro‐batteries with flexibility and high electrochemical performance to meet the diverse needs of microelectronic components. However, low electrochemical performance exists in traditional microenergy storage devices, which fail to satisfy the energy needs for microdevices. Here, for the first time, a planar integrated flexible rechargeable dual‐ion microbattery (DIMB) is reported, which is fabricated from an interdigital pattern of graphite as an electrode and lithium hexafluorophosphate as an electrolyte. As a microbattery, the DIMB exhibits a high reversible capacity of 56.50 mAh cm^?3, and excellent cycle stability with 90% capacity retention after 300 cycles under a high working voltage. The application of DIMB in microdevices, such as light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), digital electronic game consoles, and electrochromic glasses is also investigated, fully demonstrating its “small and powerful” performance. The integrated DIMB is a high‐voltage microdevice that reaches a nonpareil discharge voltage of about 100 V and a charging capacity of 102 mAh g^?1. This dual ion‐based flexible microbattery could become a promising candidate for energy storage and conversion components in next‐generation microelectronic devices and integrated electronic devices.     

Recent Progress in Flexible and Stretchable Organic Solar Cells

Flexible and stretchable organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted enormous attention due to their potential applications in wearable and portable devices. To achieve flexibility and stretchability, many efforts have been made with regard to mechanically robust electrodes, interface layers, and photoactive semiconductors. This has greatly improved the performance of the devices. State‐of‐the‐art flexible and stretchable OSCs have achieved a power conversion efficiency of 15.21% (16.55% for tandem flexible devices) and 13%, respectively. Here, the recent progress of flexible and stretchable OSCs in terms of their components and processing methods are summarized and discussed. The future challenges and perspectives for flexible and stretchable OSCs are also presented.     

Highly Stretchable or Transparent Conductor Fabrication by a Hierarchical Multiscale Hybrid Nanocomposite

As is frequently seen in sci‐fi movies, future electronics are expected to ultimately be in the form of wearable electronics. To realize wearable electronics, the electric components should be soft, flexible, and even stretchable to be human‐friendly. An important step is presented toward realization of wearable electronics by developing a hierarchical multiscale hybrid nanocomposite for highly flexible, stretchable, or transparent conductors. The hybrid nanocomposite combines the enhanced mechanical compliance, electrical conductivity, and optical transparency of small CNTs (d ≈ 1.2 nm) and the enhanced electrical conductivity of relatively bigger Ag nanowire (d ≈ 150 nm) backbone to provide efficient multiscale electron transport path with Ag nanowire current backbone collector and local CNT percolation network. The highly elastic hybrid nanocomposite conductors and highly transparent flexible conductors can be mounted on any non‐planar or soft surfaces to realize human‐friendly electronics interface for future wearable electronics.     

Conductive MXene Nanocomposite Organohydrogel for Flexible,Healable, Low‐Temperature Tolerant Strain Sensors

Conductive hydrogels are attracting tremendous interest in the field of flexible and wearable soft strain sensors because of their great potential in electronic skins, and personalized healthcare monitoring. However, conventional conductive hydrogels using pure water as the dispersion medium will inevitably freeze at subzero temperatures, resulting in the diminishment of their conductivity and mechanical properties; meanwhile, even at room temperature, such hydrogels suffer from the inevitable loss of water due to evaporation, which leads to a poor shelf‐life. Herein, an antifreezing, self‐healing, and conductive MXene nanocomposite organohydrogel (MNOH) is developed by immersing MXene nanocomposite hydrogel (MNH) in ethylene glycol (EG) solution to replace a portion of the water molecules. The MNH is prepared from the incorporation of the conductive MXene nanosheet networks into hydrogel polymer networks. The as‐prepared MNOH exhibits an outstanding antifreezing property (?40 °C), long‐lasting moisture retention (8 d), excellent self‐healing capability, and superior mechanical properties. Furthermore, this MNOH can be assembled as a wearable strain sensor to detect human biologic activities with a relatively broad strain range (up to 350% strain) and a high gauge factor of 44.85 under extremely low temperatures. This work paves the way for potential applications in electronic skins, human?machine interactions, and personalized healthcare monitoring.     

汽车线束图纸的自动识别方法

结合我国汽车行业的生产现状,研究、讨论了一种计算机自动识别汽车线柬图纸的方法。该方法通过计算机软件仿真试验,在符合某一预先设定好的识图规则的情况下,根据编制好的程序对图纸中线束进行判断,筛选出需要的线束和线束段,将其按类合并,最终达到自动完成线束长度和线束分类识别的目的。这种新的识别方法较传统的人工读图,分段计算,相加求和的方法有了很大的创新,极大地提高了我国汽车行业的生产效率,减少了人员操作的错误率,为企业生产带来直接利益。     

Ni基合金+WC激光熔覆层再加热时的显微组织变化特性

采用Ni基自熔合金+块状WC混合粉末进行送粉激光熔覆并获得熔覆层,对熔覆层在不同温度下加热后空冷至室温,观察相应熔覆层的显微组织变化,结果表明：Ni基自熔合金+WC送粉激光熔覆层不适合在500℃～900℃再加热处理,再此温度区间对熔覆层再加热会导致块状WC出现裂纹。Ni基自熔合金基体的显微组织在700℃以上开始不稳定,发生形态和显微组织结构的变化。熔覆层中的块状WC加热至900℃以上时裂纹会被自行焊合,温度继续升高,块状WC会发生离散,分化成细小的WC颗粒,产生这种现象的根本原因是块状WC具有先天的超细纤维、颗粒混合结构。