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41.
《Particulate Science and Technology》2007,25(1):77-89
The removal of particulate contamination is a critical issue for many manufacturing processes. It is particularly critical to the electronics industry in which small pieces of microscopic debris remaining after chemical mechanical planarization (cmp) using submicron polishing particles can cause device failure. One way to enhance particle removal following the cmp process is to utilize surfactants. Recent research has shown ways to model the effect of surfactants on enhanced particle removal. However, previous research has not demonstrated the effect of ionic strength on enhanced particle removal associated with surfactant use. Past research has also not shown the combined effects of ionic strength and surfactant concentration on enhanced particle removal using surfactants. This article summarizes the parameters affecting particle removal, and it provides data and analysis on the effect of ionic strength as well as the combined effects of ionic strength and surfactant concentration on particle removal following cmp processing. 相似文献
42.
A. MONSALVE M. PÁEZ M. TOLEDANO A. ARTIGAS Y. SEPÚLVEDA y N. VALENCIA 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2007,30(8):748-758
The S-N-P (stress, number of cycles, failure probability) curves for 2024 T3 and 7075 T7351 aluminium alloys were obtained. Previously, surface treatments of degreasing and different types of anodizing were applied to samples, evaluating the influence of these treatments on the fatigue life of the alloys. The determination of the S-N-P curves was done using Maennig's method. Rotary fatigue was used because this technique produces greater stress on the sample surfaces, the zone in which it is important to evaluate fatigue resistance. Both the transition range and the finite life range were evaluated, calculating the 1, 50 and 99% fracture probability. SEM was performed in order to characterize the fracture micromechanism. The conclusions were that Maennig's method is useful to evaluate fatigue life of these materials in a fast and efficient manner. Moreover, surface treatments produce a decrease in the fatigue life of both alloys, associating this effect with the surface damage produced on each sample during the treatment. 相似文献
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Robert R. Gillies Jayne Brim Box Jürgen Symanzik Eli J. Rodemaker 《Remote sensing of environment》2003,86(3):411-422
Impervious surface area (ISA) was derived for a period from 1979 to 1997 from Landsat MSS and TM data for the Line Creek watershed that lies to the south of the city of Atlanta, GA. The change in ISA is presented as an ecological indicator to examine the cumulative water resource impacts on mussel population in three sub-watersheds of Line Creek—namely, Line, Flat, and Whitewater creeks. The satellite analysis shows that ISA expansion occurred substantially from 1987 to 1997 and is predominantly in industrial, commercial, and shopping center (ICS) complexes but also in smaller lot-size residential development. Evidence of mussel habitat degradation is indicated and loss of species (in the region of 50 to 70%) is present in areas where ISA expansion is observed—specifically in ICS complex development in and around Peachtree City that drains directly into the Line and Flat creeks. This is in marked contrast to Whitewater Creek where overall development of ISA is less and no major loss of mussel species is observed. 相似文献
45.
Water turbidity, surface temperature and circulation of Barton and Wroxham Broads, two of the Norfolk Broads, were studied using one reflective (TM1) and the thermal (TM6) TM band. The results indicated that the through-flowing path of the River Ant in Barton Broad is the major influence on the distribution of these parameters. In Wroxham Broad, both turbidity and surface temperature displayed a uniform distribution. This could be explained by the absence of a predominant direction of flow. 相似文献
46.
链烷烃的表面张力与内压 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对Davis和Rosseinsky提出的关系检验表明,液体的表面张力σ与P1Vm1/3之比不仅取决于温度,还与液体的种类有关,据此,建立了一个能由链烷烃的分子结构准确预测其表面张力的方法。 相似文献
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Shihong XU Pengshou XU Mingrong JI Xianming LIU Maosheng MA Jingsheng ZHU Yuheng ZHANG Structure Research Laboratory University of Science Technology of China Hefei ChinaZhenjia XU Institute of Semiconductor Academia Sinica Beijing China 《材料科学技术学报》1993,9(6):437-440
The alkali-metal Na adsorption on Si(100)2×1 surface and its promoted oxidation and Si oxidegrowth have been investigated by means of thermal desorption,work function,Auger electronspectroscopy and photoemission electron spectroscopy.The experimental data showed that therewas a new state,interface electron state,near the Fermi level after the deposition of Na atoms.It wasfound that the presence of Na always caused an increase of the oxygen initial uptake whereas thepromotion of Si oxide growth was observed only at the coverage of Na greater than 0.5 ML.A newmechanism of Na-promoted Si oxide growth is suggested in this paper. 相似文献
50.
离子注入对Cr12MoV钢表面组织结构和力学性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了Cr12MoV钢离子注入层的显微组织特征及其对表面性能的影响。结果表明,离子注入使Cr12MoV钢的表面硬度和耐磨性能得到显著改善,且存在着一个最佳的注入剂量,约为3×10^1^7N^+/cm^2左右。离了注入在Cr12MoV钢表面层中形成了大量细小弥散的第二相粒子,并使α-Fe晶格发生严重畸变,从而引起材料表面强化。 相似文献