高发射率节能涂料及其应用

讨论了高发射率涂料节能的条件，了一种在1000℃仍保持高发射率的优质涂料，并解决了涂料与金属基体的粘结工艺，用此涂料制成增强辐射电阻带和复合炉衬，得到的新炉比旧炉节能20－40％。     

红外隐身技术的现状与发展

综述了红外隐身技术的现状，指明了存在的问题以及发展的方向。     

Gelation Properties of Ovalbumin as Affected by Fatty Acid Salts

The physicochemical properties of heat-induced ovalbumin (OVA) gels containing fatty acid salts (FAS) were investigated. Water-holding ability and transparency markedly increased in the presence of sodium caprate or sodium laurate. At 9% of the protein concentration transparent and hard gels formed; at 7%, transparent and soft gels formed. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the transparent gels had a more homogeneous structure than turbid gels without FAS. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated that denaturation temperature of OVA was decreased and the peaks became broader after addition of FAS.     

Stabilization of bioethanol recovery with silicone rubber‐coated ethanol‐permselective silicalite membranes by controlling the pH of acidic feed solution

In order to produce highly concentrated bioethanol by pervaporation using an ethanol‐permselective silicalite membrane, techniques to suppress adsorption of succinic acid, which is a chief by‐product of ethanol fermentation and causes the deterioration in pervaporation performance, onto the silicalite crystals was investigated. The amount adsorbed increased as the pH of the aqueous succinic acid solution decreased. The pervaporation performance also decreased with decreasing pH when the ternary mixtures of ethanol/water/succinic acid were separated. Using silicalite membranes individually coated with two types of silicone rubber, pervaporation performance was significantly improved in the pH range of 5 to 7, when compared with that of non‐coated silicalite membranes in ternary mixtures of ethanol/water/succinic acid. Moreover, when using a silicalite membrane double‐coated with the two types of silicone rubber, pervaporation performance was stabilized at lower pH values. In the separation of bioethanol by pervaporation using the double‐coated silicalite membrane, removal of accumulated substances having an ultraviolet absorption maximum at approximately 260 nm from the fermentation broth proved to be vital for efficient pervaporation. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

纳米NiO粉体的制备及其表征

采用溶胶转化－凝胶法制备了纳米级NiO粉体。Ni(OH)2粉体的TG－DSC分析表明：在升温速率为10℃/min的条件下，粉体在489K时开始显著分解，626K时分解完毕。X－射线衍射分析表明：分解产物为纯净的NiO2。NiO粉体的化学成分分析表明：其纯度高于国家标准。TEM电镜分析表明：NiO粉体呈单分散的球形或棒状颗粒。对NiO粉体的热敏性能有待进一步研究。     

Synthesis and Evaluation of Blends Formed by Polymeric Crown Ethers and a Fullerene-Containing Primary Ammonium Salt in Organic Thin Films

The synthesis of a series of polymers and cyclopolymers bearing crown ethers of differing structure and affinities towards primary ammonium ions is discussed. These polymers have been tested in their efficiency to form structurally homogeneous thin films when blended with an amphiphilic C₆₀ compound containing a primary ammonium ion functional group. The X-ray reflectivity characterization of the films revealed that the polymer bearing the crown ether with the least affinity for primary ammonium ions, but having the highest degree of polymerization, is the most effective in forming structurally homogeneous thin films.     

CHA无机凝胶体系的研究及应用

过去低渗油藏调剖，注入性和堵塞性很难统一，新研制的CHA无机凝胶体系是一种易注入、堵塞能力强的调剖剂，而且成胶时间在一定范围内可控。研究了配比、温度对CHA无机凝胶体系成胶时间的影响，成胶前的注入性，成胶后在高温高盐条件下的堵塞能力，得到了可应用于现场的CHA无机凝胶体系。该调剖剂在濮城油田沙三段和文卫结合部等高温、高盐低渗油藏应用后，取得了很好的效果。     

溶胶-凝胶生物玻璃多孔材料显微结构和生物活性的扫描电镜及红外光谱分析

本文利用溶胶．凝胶法制备了CaO-P2O5-SiO，系统生物活性玻璃，并以其为原料制备了用于骨修复及骨组织工程支架的块状生物活性材料。利用体外实验方法(invitro)结合x射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅立叶变换红外光谱分析(FTIR)技术对不同烧结工艺制备的材料结构、晶相和生物活性的影响进行了分析研究。研究表明，经800℃和1100℃烧结5min的两种材料均有硅磷酸钙Ca5(PO4)2SjO4微晶相析出。烧结温度越高，析出微晶相的体积比例越大，材料的生物活性则越低。在模拟生理溶液中碳酸羟基磷灰石(HCA)只在烧结体中的玻璃颗粒表面形成，而在其硅磷酸钙Ca5(PO4)2SiO4微晶相表面未发现HCA形成。     

In situ polymerization and characterization of polyester‐based polyurethane/nano‐silica composites

Polyester‐based polyurethane/nano‐silica composites were obtained via in situ polymerization and investigated by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), or FTIR coupled with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR‐ATR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), an Instron testing machine, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and ultraviolet‐visible spectrophotometry (UV‐vis). FTIR analysis showed that in situ polymerization provoked some chemical reactions between polyester molecules and nano‐silica particles. FTIR‐ATR, TEM and AFM analyses showed that both surface and interface contained nano‐silica particles. Instron testing and DMA data showed that introducing nano‐silica particles into polyurethane enhanced the hardness, glass temperature and adhesion strength of polyurethane to the substrate, but also increased the resin viscosity. UV‐vis spectrophotometry showed that nano‐silica obtained by the fumed method did not shield UV radiation in polyurethane films. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

涂层材料的断裂分析(英文)

和基体厚度相比,涂层很薄,因此细观力学模型可把基体作为半无限弹性体。由于涂层和基体材料的膨胀系数及弹性系数不匹配,涂层材料中残余热应力的解析解为 E_c/(1-γ_c)·(α_s-α_c)△T。用有限元法校核,该应力和解析解吻合得好。通过对涂层产生裂纹驱动力和断裂韧性的讨论,提出了抗裂涂层厚度公式。