Effects of a base coating used for electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on indium tin oxide electrode

Electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films on indium tin oxide (ITO), using a very thin PEDOT:poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film as a base coating, was carried out in a non-aqueous solution containing the monomer, an electrolyte and propylene carbonate by a two-electrode system. For comparison, PEDOT film electrodeposited on bare ITO substrate under the same condition was also presented. The PEDOT films deposited on these two substrates were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that the PEDOT film electrodeposited on bare ITO was not uniform, while the PEDOT film electrodeposited on PEDOT:PSS/ITO has better uniformity. The compositions of the different regions of PEDOT film electrodeposited on bare ITO and PEDOT:PSS/ITO were studied and discussed. Electrochromic devices (ECDs) based on PEDOT films electrodeposited on bare ITO and PEDOT:PSS/ITO were fabricated and characterized by UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometric study. The results show that the display contrast of the ECD based on PEDOT film electrodeposited on PEDOT:PSS/ITO was improved over that on a bare ITO substrate.     

热浸镀铝技术的研究进展及应用

介绍了热浸镀铝技术的原理和熔剂法、森吉米尔法两种主要工艺,概括了热浸镀铝技术的研究进展和工业应用趋势,指出加入适量的稀土元素在热浸镀层中能有效地改善镀层耐蚀性、耐高温氧化性、成形性和装饰性。热浸镀铝技术将会在以下几个方面开展工作:新工艺的全面细化量化型的研究;对热浸渗原理和浸渗理论的进一步研究和探索;对稀土的作用机理的深入研究以及不断完善工艺和技术,扩大其在工业生产上的应用。     

预钙化加速类骨磷灰石在镍钛合金表面生长的电化学阻抗谱

通过酸碱处理活化NiTi合金表面,在模拟体液中仿生生长类骨磷灰石层以改善其生物相容性.采用电化学阻抗谱研究了预钙化对加速磷灰石沉积的影响,并基于双层模型建立了电子等效电路.结果表明:随着在模拟体液中浸泡时间的延长,化学处理的NiTi合金表面类骨磷灰石不断生长,并且添加预钙化试样浸泡3 d,即可在合金表面生长出均匀完整的类骨磷灰石层,而未预钙化试样表面沉积物稀少.对应电子等效电路中,预钙化试样电阻值明显大于未预钙化试样的,显示预钙化促进了活化NiTi合金表面类骨磷灰石的生长.     

PROPERTIES OF W/Cu FGMS CONTAINING 1%TiC OR 1%La2O3 PREPARED USING GSUHP

W / Cu functionally gradient materials (FGMs) containing 1%La_2O_3 and 1%TiC were prepared using graded sintering under ultra-high pressure (GSUHP). The specimens have been found to exhibit low porosity (11.57% and 11.35%, respectively). Shearing strength of the specimens between layers is good. Moreover, the specimens have still demonstrated good performance in testing thermal-shock resistance. When power density of laser is 200MWm~(-2), the specimens have been tested for thermal-shock resistance (1000 times); the specimens that contained 1%La_2O_3 were not subjected to damage, whereas those that contained 1%TiC began to crack. Finally, effect of additives on thermal-shock resistance was also preliminarily discussed.     

炸药晶粒包覆结构对PBX动态损伤影响的近场动力学模拟

为了研究包覆结构对高聚物粘结炸药(PBX)动态损伤的影响,基于非局域近场动力学理论(Peridynamics, PD),结合Voronoi方法构建了含单层或双层包覆结构的高聚物粘结炸药(Polymer bonded explosive, PBX)的PD计算模型,模拟了不同加载条件下PBX的损伤响应。模拟结果显示,采用粘接剂1包覆时,相比于单层包覆而言,当加载速度分别为20,40 m·s^-1和60 m·s^-1时,双层包覆结构使HMX晶粒的损伤分别降低了42.8%,87.2%和46.8%,明显降低了PBX中HMX晶粒的损伤。HMX晶粒采用单层包覆结构时,损伤模式主要表现为穿晶损伤,采用双层包覆结构时,损伤模式转变为沿晶损伤。研究还得到了双层包覆结构下不同包覆材料对HMX损伤影响的定量结果,并据此得到了不同包覆结构的性能排序。同时发现包覆结构能够影响HMX晶粒内应力状态,从而影响HMX损伤程度。     

Y对轴承钢上激光熔覆FeCoCrNi涂层结构和冲蚀磨损的影响

以激光熔覆方法在轴承钢上制得FeCoCrNi-xY高熵合金涂层,并对其处于气体环境中的耐高温冲蚀性进行了测试。研究Y对涂层结构和冲蚀磨损的影响。研究结果表明：随着Y增大,蜂窝形组织开始减少直到全部消失,生成了许多尺寸较小的M颗粒,形成了粒径更小以及分布形态更均匀的Y化物组织。提高Y的加入量后,涂层发生了硬度先减小再增大势,测试得到的硬度值介于720-960 HV范围内。当逐渐提高冲蚀角后,FeCoCrNi-xY涂层发生了冲蚀磨损率持续增大。FeCoCrNixY涂层获得了高于轴承钢的硬度,呈现明显的脆性特点。对FeCoCrNi-0.3Y涂层冲蚀形成了深度更大的犁沟,达到了更高的冲蚀磨损率。当温度提高后,磨损率同样呈现增大现象,不过变化幅度较低。各攻角下的涂层磨损形式并未受到温度的明显影响。     

纳米粒子几何结构对膨胀型防火涂料阻燃和抑烟性能的影响

为了研究纳米粒子几何结构对膨胀型防火涂料阻燃和抑烟性能的影响,以聚磷酸铵(APP)-季戊四醇(PER)-三聚氰胺(MEL)-硼酸三聚氰胺(MB)为阻燃体系,硅丙乳液为成膜物质,分别添加球形纳米二氧化硅(Si O2)、经硅烷偶联剂KH560改性的管状碳纳米管(KH560–CNT)和片状水滑石(LDH)制备了3种水性膨胀型防火涂料。采用小室法、隧道法及模拟大板法研究了涂层的防火阻燃性能,再结合热重分析、扫描电镜分析和能谱分析,考察了涂层的热解性能和炭层结构。结果表明,球形Si O2和片状LDH能有效增强防火涂料的阻燃和抑烟性能,表现出较好的协效作用;管状KH560–CNT则会恶化防火涂料的阻燃和抑烟性能,表现出对抗作用。当纳米填料的质量分数为0.5%时,片状LDH表现出最优的协效作用,火焰传播比值为12.5,烟密度等级为14.1%。这是因为它能促进涂层在燃烧过程中形成更多的含磷和含硼交联结构,有效增强了炭层的致密性、连续性和隔热性能。     

过筛煤粉在铸铁件湿型砂铸造生产中的作用

正确选择煤粉,其性能要求同时具有低灰分、高挥发分和高膨胀指数,以及具有合适的筛分粒度这一关键因素,以确保所生产的铸件没有机械粘砂缺陷和表面质量问题.通过仔细选择、安全操作和加工处理,煤粉仍然是一个优良的、简易的、经济的有效解决方案.煤粉在储存、加工和运输过程中易于调节,然后经过进一步的安全处理,最终被铸造厂使用.尽管煤粉有诸多不足之处,对于最终用户来说,它仍然是经济合算的.而且现代加工和筛分方法确保它在最佳条件下使用.