室温超快速制备HKUST-1及其对甲苯的吸附性能

以硝酸铜和均苯三甲酸为原料,通过水滑石法室温10 s快速制备了一种金属有机骨架材料HKUST-1,对其进行了XRD、SEM和N2吸附表征,测定了甲苯在HKUST-1上的吸附等温线、动力学和吸附-脱附循环性能.结果表明,水滑石的添加使HKUST-1可在室温10 s内快速合成,HKUST-1的BET比表面积达到2170.7...     

水滑石和类水滑石化合物在催化反应中的应用

水滑石及类水滑石化合物具有特殊的层状结构及物理化学性质,在吸附、催化领域中占有重要地位。综述了水滑石和类水滑石化合物在各种催化反应中的应用,并对其在催化领域的发展作了展望。     

改性类水滑石的制备及其去除溶液中Eu(Ⅲ)和U(Ⅵ)

通过水热合成法成功地制备了丙三醇改性Ni/Al型水滑石(GMH),并通过批量处理法和静态吸附法考察了在固体投加量、溶液pH、离子强度、腐殖酸、接触时间和温度等因素影响下,溶液中Eu(Ⅲ)和U(Ⅵ)在GMH上的吸附行为。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)等表征手段对材料吸附前后进行分析,结合吸附动力学和热力学模型对吸附机理进行探讨。结果表明,溶液pH值对Eu(Ⅲ)和U(Ⅵ)在GMH上的吸附行为影响显著,在pH=7.0左右时吸附率达到最大;准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温线模型可以很好地描述Eu(Ⅲ)和U(Ⅵ)在GMH上的吸附过程,且此过程是自发的、吸热的过程;实验条件下,GMH对溶液中的Eu(Ⅲ)和U(Ⅵ)的最大理论吸附量分别为511 mg/g和441 mg/g;GMH对溶液中Eu(Ⅲ)的吸附主要是通过静电相互作用、内层表面络合以及离子交换相互作用实现;而对U(Ⅵ)的吸附主要是通过静电相互作用和内层表面络合作用实现的。实验表明,合成材料在含低放废水的有效净化和修复方面具有很大的应用前景。     

水滑石类化合物结构和性能影响因素的研究进展

水滑石（HT）及类水滑石（HTLc）是一类阴离子层状化合物,经高温煅烧或煅烧一水化等方法处理后,能使其表面赋予碱性,可用作环境友好的多相固体催化剂。综述了HTLc的制备方法、条件及改性方法对产品结构和性能的影响,并对水滑石类化合物的应用前景进行了展望。     

The Optimal Concentration of Nanoclay Hydrotalcite for Recovery of Reactive and Direct Textile Colorants

Concerns about the health of the planet have grown dramatically, and the dyeing sector of the textile industry is one of the most polluting of all industries. Nanoclays can clean dyeing wastewater using their adsorption capacities. In this study, as a new finding, it was possible to analyze and quantify the amount of metal ions substituted by anionic dyes when adsorbed, and to determine the optimal amount of nanoclay to be used to adsorb all the dye. The tests demonstrated the specific amount of nanoclay that must be used and how to optimize the subsequent processes of separation and processing of the nanoclay. Hydrotalcite was used as the adsorbent material. Direct dyes were used in this research. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns allowed the shape recovery of the hydrotalcite to be checked and confirmed the adsorption of the dyes. An FTIR analysis was used to check the presence of characteristic groups of the dyes in the resulting hybrids. The thermogravimetric (TGA) tests corroborated the dye adsorption and the thermal fastness improvement. Total solar reflectance (TSR) showed increased radiation protection for UV-VIS-NIR. Through the work carried out, it has been possible to establish the maximum adsorption point of hydrotalcite.     

High-speed CO2 transport channel containing carboxymethyl chitosan/hydrotalcite membrane for CO2 separation

A comprehensive understanding of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)-based mixed matrix membrane (MMM) has been critically investigated. The present work elaborates the compatibility of hydrotalcite (HT) and CMC in terms of CO₂ separation application. Various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques have been utilized to characterize the respective properties of the prepared membrane. The temperature stability and moisture retention behavior of the membrane recognized itself as the flue gas separation membrane. The CO₂/N₂ separation experiment was performed on the MMM at different temperature (60–110 °C) and sweep/feed water flow to the saturator ratio (0.33 to 3). The membrane exhibited the optimum CO₂ permeance of 70 GPU at 90°C pertaining to water flow ratio of 2.33 (sweep/feed). The CO₂/N₂ selectivity observed at that same operating condition was 13. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48715.     

Effects of KF Loading on Mg–Al Mixed Oxides for the Selective Synthesis of Trimethylolpropane Triesters

A series of Mg–Al hydrotalcites (HTCs) calcined at different temperatures were evaluated for their suitability as solid base catalysts for the selective synthesis of trimethylolpropane triesters (TMPTEs) via transesterification of trimethylolpropane (TMP) with a mixture of C₈–C₁₀ fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The effect of potassium fluoride (KF) loading of the calcined HTCs on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of the materials attained was ascertained. Using a 5?wt% catalyst loading and a FAME:TMP molar ratio of 3.5:1 at 170°C for 8?h, the Mg–Al mixed oxide obtained by calcining HTC at 500°C (HTC-500) gave the highest TMPTE selectivity and FAME conversion. Impregnating HTC-500 with 10?wt% KF (KF/HTC-500) generated strongly basic KMgF₃, KOH, K₂O, and coordinatively unsaturated F^? sites. The FAME conversion and TMPTE yield obtained over different HTC and KF/HTC-500 catalysts depended on their total basicity, where a basic strength of 15?H_{_}?3, a common homogeneous base for the polyol ester production.     

层状双金属氢氧化物的合成与应用

层状双金属氢氧化物（LDHs）是近来受到广泛关注的一类新型固体催化材料，具有碱性、氧化还原性和层间阴离子可交换性。本文综述了近年来层状双金属氢氧化物合成与应用方面的研究进展。主要包括LDHs及柱撑LDHs的合成方法，LDHs及其焙烧产物在碱催化、氧化还原催化和催化剂载体、功能材料、医药等领域的应用。     

Structural Reversibility of a Ternary CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 ex Hydrotalcite-Containing Material During Wet Pd Impregnation

A Cu-Zn-Al precursor was synthesized by coprecipitation of the corresponding cations with sodium carbonate at constant pH and temperature. CuO-ZnO-Al₂O₃ composite oxide support was obtained by calcination (673 K) of the Cu-Zn-Al precursor. Two palladium-modified CuO-ZnO-Al₂O₃ samples were prepared by impregnation of the mixed-oxide support and further calcination (673 K). The presence of remaining CO₃ ^2- anions in the CuO-ZnO-Al₂O₃ mixed oxide, as a result of incomplete Cu-Zn hydrotalcite phase decomposition, and the hydrothermal-like treatment during the Pd impregnation step, allow the partial reconstruction of the Cu-Zn hydrotalcite-type structure (memory effect). In addition, an enhancement in the CuO crystallinity was obtained for the Pd-modified oxides. A detailed characterization revealed that the hydrotalcite restoration enhances the crystallinity of the copper oxide as a consequence of a crystalline rearrangement of this oxidic phase.     

水滑石/红磷/磷酸三甲苯酯复配体系在丁苯橡胶阻燃中的应用

通过对比不同品种的无机阻燃剂对丁苯橡胶阻燃性能和力学性能的影响,在相同条件下得出水滑石的阻燃效果较好.为提高水滑石对丁苯橡胶的阻燃性能,采用以水滑石、微胶囊红磷、磷酸三甲苯酯的复配体系为阻燃体系.研究复配体系中各阻燃剂的用量对丁苯橡胶机械性能和阻燃性能的影响.结果表明：添加80份水滑石,10份微囊红磷和10份磷酸三甲苯酯时丁苯橡胶的力学性能和阻燃性能都较好,氧指数达35%.