The Spectroscopic Systems for the Study of Light Impurity Particle Transport in the HT-7 Tokamak

Three spectroscopic systems have been developed for the study of light impurity particle transport in the HT-7 tokamak. A visible multi-channel spectroscopic system （VIS） is used to obtain the brightness distribution of the line emission from ionized light impurities. The profile of Zeff（r） has been obtained from the visible multi-channel bremsstrahlung measurement （VB）. The system with a rotating hexahedral mirror for space-time resolved spectroscopy measurement from ultraviolet to visible （UV） can provide the brightness distribution of two different emission lines of the light impurities simultaneously. The emissivities by these multi-channel measurements can be obtained by Abel inversion. The measurement was performed in typical OH discharges in the HT-7 tokamak. The carbon particle transport was analyzed. The feasibility of these diagnostic systems for the impurity particle transport study is clearly demonstrated.     

空隙、杂质及组分突变对功能梯度构件动力特性的影响

功能梯度材料具有复杂的细部结构, 其内部构造远比匀质材料复杂, 因此其构件动力分析很难求得其解析解。本文中提出了一种新颖的功能梯度构件动力分析的细观元法, 其目的在于建立材料的宏观性能与其组分材料性能及细观构造之间的定量关系, 以便揭示不同的材料组合及其变异所具有不同的宏观性能的内在机制。利用细观元法对含有空隙、 杂质及组分突变等情况下的功能梯度构件进行动力分析, 求得其三维固有频率及振型的三维分布。从而可知空隙、 杂质及组分突变均对功能梯度材料构件的宏观动力特性有很大的影响。      

Effect of Mn Modification on the Corrosion Susceptibility of Mg–Mn Alloys by Magnesium Scrap

The microstructure and anti-corrosion behavior of Mg–Mn alloys by magnesium scrap have been investigated in this study.The results show that the size of the Fe-rich particles in magnesium scrap decreases but the quantity increases with the Mn addition.Although the presence of Mn-containing Fe-rich particles with unique symbiotic structure can eff ectively weaken the micro-galvanic corrosion,the presence of more free Fe(Fe-rich particles) does not necessarily lead to severe corrosion of the alloy.The corrosion susceptibility of Mg–Mn–Fe alloy primarily depends on the solubility of iron in the Mg matrix,while it can be significantly reduced by suitable Mn addition.Besides,the tolerance limit of the Fe impurity can be expressed as Fe_(max) = 0.0083 Mn(relative to the iron solubility).Only when the Fe/Mn ratio is below 0.0083 can the alloy have excellent corrosion resistance,with the corrosion rate changing in the scope of 0.38 ± 0.09 to 0.54 ± 0.15 mg/cm~2 day and i_(corr) from 3 to 9 × 10~(–4) A/cm~2.     

络合剂对化学水浴沉积 ZnS薄膜的影响

采用不同络合剂化学水浴沉积ZnS薄膜,应用台阶仪、SEM、XRD、波谱仪等手段测定了ZnS薄膜的厚度、表面、物相结构及透过率等.结果表明,氨水体系沉积薄膜速度明显慢于另外两种体系,沉积的ZnS薄膜都为立方结构.柠檬酸钠体系沉积的ZnS 薄膜结晶和透过率最佳,但薄膜表面缺陷较多;氨水-联氨体系沉积的ZnS薄膜表面质量最佳,结晶和透过率也较好;氨水体系沉积的ZnS薄膜质量较差.用3种体系沉积的ZnS薄膜用于制备铜铟镓硒Cu(In,Ga)Se2太阳电池,氨水和氨水-联氨体系沉积的ZnS薄膜制备的电池转换效率明显高于柠檬酸钠体系沉积的ZnS制备的太阳电池.     

周期反向电流法高电流密度电解精炼铜的研究

模拟铜电解精炼工业生产条件,在小型电解中研究周期反向电流法高流密度电解精炼铜的可行性。并用XRD、SEM及离子体发射光谱研究杂质对铜沉积的结构和组成的影响。研究表明：当电流密度为400A.m^2－,电流周期阴极沉积时间75s溶解时间1．5s,添加剂用量（g.dm^-3）;硫脲0．010、骨胶0．010、Cl^-0．050,有害杂质含量（g.dm^-3):As(V)≤3．0、Sb（Ⅲ）≤0．14、Bi（Ⅲ）≤0．1时能获得表面光滑平整纯度为99．99％的电解铜。以400A.m^-2的周期反向电流电解时,铜沉积的电结晶生长形态为脊状＋块状,晶面择优取向为（220）,少量杂质存在对铜沉积结构有一定影响。     

某低品位铁精矿提质降杂试验研究

采用磁选、磁-重选、反浮选等工艺对酒钢周边矿山某低品位铁精矿进行了提质降杂试验研究, 并结合矿相分析查找了精矿杂质硅含量偏高的原因。结果表明, 采用弱磁-中磁-强磁联合磁选流程可获得铁品位61.61%、回收率97.87%、SiO₂含量7.15%的铁精矿。     

贵州某煤矿煤中隐晶质石墨脱硅除杂研究

针对微晶石墨中硅杂质难脱除的特点,进行了高温碱法结合浮选法除硅的研究。研究表明,浮选法和氢氧化钠的加入量对提纯效果影响显著。在合适工艺条件下,可得到固定碳含量较高的微晶石墨产品,焙烧后样品水洗干净与否直接影响样品的最终固定碳含量。高温碱处理后残留的钠离子与待处理的铝、硅杂质离子反应,生成不溶性物质,是导致硅杂质脱除效果不佳的主要原因。     

我国朔州地区煤矸石的矿物学特征及煅烧组分变化研究

目前,煤矸石利用是固废处置与利用的重要内容之一,煤矸石的综合利用与其矿石性质密切相关,但对煤矸石各组分的嵌布关系,元素分布、物相存在形式、微观形貌等相关研究较少。文章针对我国朔州地区煤矸石开展工艺矿物学研究,采用XRD、XRF、EDS、SEM等方法,查明了该煤矸石成分为石英、高岭土、黄铁矿、伊利石、金红石,且多为集合体形式存在,其颗粒微观形貌呈现层状或鳞片状。煤矸石中有用矿物高岭石的含量为56.3%,其次为石英21.1%,伊利石15%。铁杂质主要以黄铁矿存在,其含量为6.5%。煤矸石煅烧试验表明:黄铁矿在850℃左右开始被氧化,生成赤铁矿;在1 000℃煅烧2 h,煤矸石中碳降低到0.1%以下,硫含量也降低到1.74%。在900～1 000℃温度区间内,高岭石转变为无定型的偏高岭土。     

含氚废气中杂质气体去除材料研制

为去除含氚惰性废气中的CH₄、水气、O₂等杂质气体,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了65%Ni-10%Cu-25%SiO₂材料作为杂质气体消除材料,对材料进行XRD、SEM及程序升温还原表征,结果显示,少量Cu的加入增加了Ni的分散度,有助于稳定Ni的形态,避免Ni过早发生氧化。材料可以使Ar中的少量CH₄、O₂和水气得到有效的去除,在空速1000 h^-1时Ar中φ=1%CH₄和φ=1%CO₂重整时CH₄去除率达到81.5%以上,对于Ar中φ=1%O₂的去除率达到91.8%以上,对于Ar中φ=1%水气的去除率达到91.7%以上。实验还发现低浓度的CH₄可以与水气及O₂发生反应而去除,空速10000 h^-1催化φ=1%水气和φ=1%CH₄反应,CH₄的去除率均高于80.7%;空速10000 h^-1催化φ=0.67%CH₄和φ=0.33%O₂的反应,CH₄的去除率均高于84.2%。     

A review of ion beam induced charge microscopy

Since its development in the early 1990’s, ion beam induced charge (IBIC) microscopy has found widespread applications in many microprobe laboratories for the analysis of microelectronic devices, dislocations, semiconductor radiation detectors, semi-insulating materials, high power transistors, charge-coupled arrays, solar cells, light emitting diodes, and in conjunction with Single Event Upset imaging. Several modalities of the techniques have been developed, such as lateral IBIC and time-resolved IBIC. The theoretical model of IBIC generation and collection has developed from a one-dimensional model of charge drift and diffusion to a detailed model of the motion of ion charge carriers in semiconductors and insulators. This paper reviews the current state-of-the-art of IBIC theory and applications.