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81.
GCr15钢激光淬火层的晶粒尺寸可在很大范围内变化,从约30μm到小于2μm。以激光光斑为中心,相距越远,晶粒尺寸越细小,晶粒尺寸的变化与激光加热时理论推导的温度场存在对应关系。激光扫描速度对激光淬火层的奥氏体晶粒尺寸有显著的影响,原始组淬火层体晶粒尺寸影响较小,GCr15钢激光淬火层奥氏体晶粒尺寸的研究为激光淬火工艺的制订提供了重要的参考依据。 相似文献
82.
以电熔刚玉为骨料、氢氧化钡为粘结剂、铝粉为添加剂的型芯混合料在吹入CO_2气体后即可实现硬化。本文研究了这种型芯的硬化工艺和常温特性,并采用X射线衍射分析、失重—示差热分析等方法,结合粘结膜的扫描电镜照片,对型芯的受热物理化学变化、高温强度、水溶性等行为进行了实验研究。 相似文献
83.
在高频感应钎焊的过程中,要获得良好的钎焊接头,必须要根据接头材料的物理性能选择合适频率的高频电源,采用计算机数值分析手段建立了感应加热电源及其频率范围的选择数值分析模型。研究表明,数值解析法可以作为高频感应钎焊感应加热设备设计的重要方法。在对高频电源电流频率等参数的选择时,利用数值解析模型所得到的解析近似解进行频率选择比传统经验公式更精确。因为后者由平面电磁波在导电媒质中的传播特性导出,更适合于板状结构感应加热时频率的选择。而对于管状或其它复杂形状,利用数值解析解可以较好地对高频电源的频率进行优化选择。 相似文献
84.
Finite-element simulation of moving induction heat treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K. F. Wang S. Chandrasekar H. T. Y. Yang 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》1995,4(4):460-473
An efficient finite-element procedure with a remesh scheme has been developed for the analysis of the moving induction heat
treatment process, wherein relative motion occurs between the coil and the workpiece. In this procedure, the magnetic field
is first simulated by using an updated mesh that tracks the moving coil position; the moving heat source within the workpiece
material is derived from the magnetic field. The heat equation is then solved to obtain the temperature field created by the
heat source. The procedure has been applied to calculate the temperature distributions in 1080 carbon steel cylinders during
induction heating. The calculations have been validated by comparison with analytical solutions for the temperature distribution
obtained using Green’s function methods. Finally, the temperature, residual stress, and microstructure distributions in quenched
1080 steel cylinders have been obtained using the finite-element procedure. Quenching of the heated cylinders, by both a moving
cooling ring and a stationary liquid bath, has been analyzed. The finite-element procedure presented incorporates temperature-dependent
material properties, phase transformations occurring in the 1080 steel, the change in magnetic permeability of the 1080 steel
at the Curie temperature, and an elastoplastic stress model based on a mixed hardening rule. The simulation results demonstrate
that the finite-element procedure could be applied to a variety of moving induction heat treatment problems to determine the
residual stress and microstructure distributions in the heat-treated component. It also could be used in the design of process
parameters and coils. 相似文献
85.
86.
Ning Yuantao 《中国有色金属学会会刊》1996,(4)
METASTABLEPHASEANDAGEHARDENINGINRAPIDLY-SOLIDIFIEDSILVER-RICHAg-GdALLOYS¥NingYuantao(InstituteofPreciousMetals,Kunming650221)... 相似文献
87.
Soluble sugars are essential nutrients generally perceived as phagostimulants to most insects studied. However, tannins are known as digestibility reducers, hence deleterious to caterpillar development, and as deterrents as well. Previous work demonstrated that larvae of the polyphagous oblique-banded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana, performed better when reared on a control + 0.5% tannic acid diet than on the standard control diet and that larvae reared on a control + 5% glucose diet had slower development and reduced survival. This study was designed to elucidate the behavioral and neurophysiological components of the larval responses to tannic acid and glucose. C. rosaceana larvae were reared individually from the first to the sixth instar on one of four different artificial diets: (1) control; (2) control + 5% glucose; (3) control + 0.5% tannic acid; (4) control + 5% glucose + 0.5% tannic acid. After 14 days, larvae reared on the control + 5% glucose diet had not developed past the fourth instar, whereas a considerable proportion of larvae reared on the control + 0.5% tannic acid diet had already attained the pupal stage. Insects reared on the control or the control + 5% glucose + 0.5% tannic acid diet had intermediate development, with most larvae in the fifth instar. In addition, once the mid-sixth instar was reached, the feeding preferences to 25 and 300 mM glucose, 25 mM tannic acid, and 25 mM glucose + 25 mM tannic acid over water were assessed in two-choice tests. Feeding affected preference. Control-reared insects preferred feeding on treatments containing glucose and were not deterred by tannic acid. However, larvae that had been exposed to tannic acid during their development were deterred by tannic acid and their glucose discrimination was impaired. The sensitivity to glucose was also examined from neurophysiological recordings by stimulating the sugar-sensitive cell (cell 1) on the lateral styloconic sensillum of the maxillary galea with increasing concentrations of glucose (1, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 500 mM). We also determined whether tannic acid was phagostimulatory, since insects develop relatively quickly on a diet containing this compound, by testing 1 mM tannic acid, 1 mM tannic acid + 300 mM glucose, and 300 mM glucose on the lateral styloconic sensilla. The traces indicated that 1 mM tannic acid was not detected by any of the four chemosensory cells in these sensilla. The combination of tannic acid and glucose produced no spikes from the sugar-sensitive cell, whereas a prominent spike activity resulted with 300 mM glucose. We concluded that, although C. rosaceana larvae develop faster on a tannic acid diet, this compound is not a phagostimulant. The converse is true for glucose; i.e., it stimulates the sugar-sensitive cell in the lateral styloconica in a concentration-dependent fashion. Previous dietary experience changes the sensory and behavioral responses of C. rosaceana to glucose. Our findings imply that not all compounds that are phagostimulatory are necessarily beneficial to an insect's fitness. Therefore, developmental studies should be interpreted in conjunction with behavioral and physiological data. 相似文献
88.
采用多次挤出的方法对三种不同结构苯并呋喃酮与受阻酚及亚磷酸酯的三元复配稳定体系在等规聚丙烯 (PP)中的稳定化作用进行了研究。结果表明:含5,7-二叔丁基-3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮 (OXBF1)的复配体系3#配方5次挤出之后的熔体流动速率相对于其同分异构体5,7-二叔丁基-3-(2,5-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮(PXBF1)、5,7-二叔丁基-3-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮 (MXBF1)复配体系的5#配方和6#配方分别下降了24.8%和26%;并且,其抑制所稳定PP加工发黄的作用优于其他两种结构,使得3#配方5次挤出之后的黄度指数(YI)相对于5#配方和6#配方分别下降了9.3%和11.9%;此外,亚磷酸酯对氢过氧化物的还原作用同样提高了苯并呋喃酮高温含氧条件下在PP中的热氧稳定化作用。 相似文献
89.
KUANG Li FAN Shuanshi 《化工学报》2003,54(Z1):81-85
The effect of diluted solution's magnetization on induction time and growth period of natural gas hydrate (NGH) has been investigated in quiescent reaction system at pressure of 4.5 MPa and temperature of 274 K with SDS as surfactant, by using volume fixed and pressure falling method. Experimental results show that magnetization will have effect on the induction time of NGH. After magnetization with magnetic field intensity of 0.33 T, the induction time of NGH has been reduced to 47 min (average) from 99 min (average) in which there is no magnetization. On the other hand, the induction time has been prolonged after magnetization of the diluted solution with magnetic field intensity of 0.05 T, 0.11 T, 0.22 T, 0.44 T. Especially with magnetic field intensity of 0.11 T, the induction time had even been prolonged to 431 min (average). The effect of magnetization on the growth period of NGH has not been found at the experimental condition. 相似文献
90.
Although some of the important consequences of flow-induced entanglement loss in entangled polymer rheology have recently been recognized, this specific molecular mechanism has rarely been investigated quantitatively based on experiments or molecular theories. For the first time, the amount of entanglement loss of a short entangled linear polymer (i.e., seven entanglements per chain at equilibrium) during fast-flow deformation is directly tracked in the stochastic simulation of an existing reptation model. The primary finding is that significant entanglement loss is observed in both fast elongation and fast shearing, and, contrary to some earlier conjectures, is particularly pronounced in elongational flow when polymer chain stretching formally commences. Furthermore, according to the current simulation in which three different CCR (Convective Constraint Release) schemes are considered, entanglement loss appears to have very prominent effects on the elongational rheology of an entangled linear polymer – an observation that had rarely been recognized or considered before. On the other hand, the currently explored features of flow-induced entanglement loss are tentatively linked to a wide variety of peculiar empirical properties of temporarily entangled polymer liquids. In particular, we are thus able to provide a consistent molecular explanation of the fairly well-known phenomenological effects of polydispersity and long-chain branching leading to a pronounced strain-hardening phenomenon, in view of two newly proposed effects of heterogeneous relaxations in preventing, directly or indirectly, fast entanglement loss during flows. 相似文献