钛的应用及前景展望

从传统应用及新兴应用两方面对钛的应用进行了综述,并对钛的应用前景进行了展望。     

铁液洁净度对凝固热力学参数的影响

为了给高洁净钢连铸细晶技术提供相关理论依据，在高温钼丝炉中通过对电解纯铁加金属铝和硅脱氧，获得不同铁液洁净度的试样。利用差热分析法测定了试样在相同冷却速度下的过冷度。利用凝固过程热力学理论研究了铁液洁净度与过冷度、凝固热力学驱动力、形核功和临界晶核半径等的关系。结果表明：随着铁液洁净度的提高，铁液凝固时的过冷度增大，形核所需的凝固热力学驱动力变大，非均质形核功和临界晶核半径减小。     

Douglas W. Bray (1918-2006).

Presents an obituary for Douglas W. Bray, the inventor of the modern-day assessment center, a method used by thousands of organizations around the world to identify the best people for critical roles and to guide individuals in optimizing their talents. Bray's death in Englewood, New Jersey, on May 9, 2006, ended the extraordinary career of a pioneer in industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology who optimized the interplay of research and application. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

热处理对Ti-25V-15Cr-2Al-2Mo-0.2C合金组织稳定性的影响

研究了热处理对Ti-25V-15Cr-2A1-2Mo-0.2C阻燃β钛合金组织稳定性的影响。结果表明，高温固溶并直接时效处理导致合金β基体上析出较多的α相沉淀，尤其在随后的热暴露组织中形成了恶化合金塑性的连续晶界α膜。然而，若在时效前再进行一次低温固溶处理则可明显减少α相的析出数量，合金的热稳定性因此而得到显著改善。     

Pool boiling on a superhydrophilic surface

Titanium Dioxide, TiO₂, is a photocatalyst with a unique characteristic. A surface coated with TiO₂ exhibits an extremely high affinity for water when exposed to UV light and the contact angle decreases nearly to zero. Inversely, the contact angle increases when the surface is shielded from UV. This superhydrophilic nature gives a self-cleaning effect to the coated surface and has already been applied to some construction materials, car coatings and so on. We applied this property to the enhancement of boiling heat transfer. An experiment involving the pool boiling of pure water has been performed to make clear the effect of high wettability on heat transfer characteristics. The heat transfer surface is a vertical copper cylinder of 17 mm in diameter and the measurement has been done at saturated temperature and in a steady state. Both TiO₂-coated and non-coated surfaces were used for comparison. In the case of the TiO₂-coated surface, it is exposed to UV light for a few hours before experiment and it is found that the maximum heat flux (CHF) is about two times larger than that of the uncoated surface. The temperature at minimum heat flux (MHF) for the superhydrophilic surface is higher by 100 K than that for the normal one. The superhydrophilic surface can be an ideal heat transfer surface. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparison between photocatalytic ozonation and other oxidation processes for the removal of phenols from water

Photocatalytic ozonation (1O₃ + VUV + TiO₂), ozonation (O₃), catalytic ozonation (O₃ + TiO₂), ozone photolysis (O₃ + VUV), photocatalysis (TiO₂ + VUV) and photolysis (VUV) have been compared in terms of formation of intermediates, extent of, mineralization (TOC, COD, chloride, nitrate) and kinetics in the aqueous treatment of three phenols (phenol, p‐chlorophenol and p‐nitrophenol). In all cases, photocatalytic ozonation led to lower degradation times for chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon removal. Intermediates formed were similar in the different oxidation systems with some exceptions. They can be classified into three different types: polyphenols (resorcinol, catechol, hydroquinone), unsaturated carboxylic acids (maleic and fumaric acids) and saturated carboxylic acids (glyoxylic, formic and oxalic acids). First order kinetic equations have been checked for the oxidation processes studied in the case of the parent compound. Rate constants of these systems have also been calculated. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Evolution of grain structure in thin film reactions

In this paper, we examine, both experimentally and theoretically, the kinetics of formation and microstructure of product phases in thin film reactions, using the Nb/Al and Ti/Al systems as our prototypes. The results of calorimetry and microscopy studies are interpreted using simple kinetic and morphology models. In particular, the kinetic models employed here focus on the nucleation and growth components of the phase formation process and the morphology models provide a starting point for the classification of product grain structures. An erratum to this article is available at .     

河北冶金实验厂8MN快锻液压机电控系统选择

着重阐述了河北冶金实验厂８ＭＮ快锻液压机电控系统的选择过程。经过反复考察，论证，对比，最终所选的压机电控系统为目前国产快锻液压机中自动化水平最高的锻造设备。     

掺钛蓝宝石激光晶体中夹杂物的分析

本文用大视场光学显微镜、电子探针观察和分析了掺钛蓝宝石激光晶体中夹杂物的形状、尺寸大小及元素组成，并提出消除和减少这些夹杂物的方法．     

钛容器的特点

根据钛材的化学、物理、力学和工艺性能介绍了钛容器在设计、制造、检验和应用方面的特点。