有机磷化物制备羟基磷灰石工艺条件的探讨

探索用有机磷化物制备羟基磷灰石的工艺条件：采用硝酸钙、氨水、磷酸三丁酯为原料进行正交对比研究，优化得到了制备较佳羟基磷灰石的工艺条件。优化的工艺条件为：原料中Ca／P（molar ratio）1．67；Ca（NO3）2、4H2O／NH3H2O（g／g）为0.99；烧结温度为850℃：恒温时间为5h，并对合成的样品进行了化学和红外光谱的分析。     

聚烯烃接枝马来酸酐接枝率的测定—聚乙烯接枝

以非均相化学接枝法和红外光谱法相结合的方法绘制了定量校正曲线,可用于红外光谱法测定聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐的接枝率。该方法简便快速,准确可靠,重复性好。     

Infrared study of salt free and salt treated cellulose pyrolysis under nitrogen atmosphere

The pyrolysis under nitrogen of salt free and salt treated cellulose was studied by infrared spectroscopy. The results confirm the unzipping mechanism suggested by DTA and TGA studies, and show this mechanism to apply to the untreated and salt treated samples. The results also show the unzipping to stop at the stage of char formation. The onset of this stage was found to occur after the volatilization of only 45–50% of the initial sample of the borax treated cellulose, compared with 65–70% of the KCl treated cellulose and 80–85% of the untreated cellulose.     

玉米芯木聚糖硫酸酯化条件的研究

用碱提法从玉米芯中提取木聚糖,采用氯磺酸吡啶法进行硫酸酯化,通过正交试验确定最佳工艺条件为:吡啶与氯磺酸摩尔比1∶1,温度65℃,时间6h;木聚糖硫酸酯wisX-S通过DEAESepharoseFF层析柱分离得到一个相对分子量为1.3×104的组分,硫酸基取代度为2.24。对此木聚糖硫酸酯进行红外光谱分析,结果显示在波数1259、1228和813cm-1处分别有S=O和C-O-S键的特征吸收峰。     

Surface and Interfacial Studies of Plasma-Modified Composite Surfaces

Model epoxy and bismaleimide compounds in thin film form were used to simulate epoxy and bismaleimide composite surfaces, in order to study compositional changes and interfacial reactions induced by oxygen plasma treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IR-RAS) were used to probe chemical changes which occurred. XPS and IR-RAS were found to be complementary techniques in determining the nature of functional groups incorporated into surfaces by plasma treatment. IR-RAS analysis of the model surfaces following exposure to a liquid epoxy resin revealed that while adsorption of the liquid epoxy occurred on both plasma-treated and nonplasma-treated surfaces, the oxygen plasma-treated surface alone was capable of initiating ring-opening reactions in the epoxy. However, this effect was not observed unless immediate contact was made between the plasma-treated surface and the liquid epoxy resin, illustrating the short-lived reactivity of the functional groups on the plasma-treated surface.     

基于SOPC的高精度超声波温度计设计

根据在介质中超声波的传播速度随温度变化而变化的特点为设计原理,以基于Nios II处理器软核的可编程系统级芯片(SOPC)为控制核心,设计了高精度超声波温度计。在SOPC上同时实现了高频信号发生器模块、高速信号电路控制模块、信号自动采集控制模块以及Nios II软核处理器模块,缩小了体积,并降低了成本。传播时间的精确测量采用软件细分插补算法,经过理论分析和实验验证,该方法能够达到ns级超声波传播时间的测量,使设计的超声波温度计能够实现分辨率优于0.001℃的温度测量。     

单光源多组分红外在线分析仪设计

基于红外光谱吸收原理,设计了一种单光源单光路的在线分析仪。在实验室环境下,利用SO2进行实验,并对实验结果进行分析。实验结果表明:该分析仪具有很好的准确性、重复性和稳定性,实现了多种气体的在线测量。     

Adhesive Bonding of Oil-Contaminated Steel Substrates

Durability of adhesive bonds formed by curing epoxies against oil-contaminated steel substrates using amidoamine curing agents was determined during exposure to boiling water. The most durable bonds were obtained using amidoamine curing agents with relatively low amine numbers and by blending silane coupling agents such as γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-GPS) and N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane (AAMS) into the adhesives. When X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to characterize the failure surfaces of the adhesive joints after exposure to boiling water, it was determined that adhesives prepared using amidoamine curing agents with low amine numbers were able to displace the oil from the steel surface but adhesives prepared with amidoamine curing agents with high amine numbers were not. Results obtained from XPS also showed that the amino groups on the substrate fracture surfaces of joints prepared using curing agents with low amine numbers were protonated whereas the amino groups in the bulk adhesive were not, indicating that there was a chemical interaction between the curing agent and the hydrated surface of the substrate. It was also shown using infrared spectroscopy that the amidoamine curing agents formed salts with calcium compounds in the oil.     

基于红外传感原理的无人机姿态测量系统设计

由于红外温度传感器能有效感知天空间的热辐射,并且相比传统姿态测量的传感器具有体积小、重量轻、成本低等特点,设计一种基于红外传感原理的无人机姿态测量系统;该系统以新型的ARM Cortex—M3内核微处理器STM32F103ZET6作为处理单元,通过采集红外传感器的姿态信息,进行姿态解算,进而获得无人机的姿态角;同时分析了太阳干扰对实验的影响。实验测试表明:该姿态测量系统简单实用,性能稳定,精度高,能有效满足一般无人机姿态测量的要求。     

涂料原料和涂层厚度对反射隔热保温性能影响研究

通过研究涂料配方中所用乳液、颜料、常规填料和隔热填料在红外灯下的反射、隔热和保温性能，发现高折射率的二氧化钛和含有微孔的硅藻土具有最佳的反射和隔热保温效果，轻质碳酸钙和重质碳酸钙具有一定的隔热保温作用，而理论上具有隔热保温效果的填料海泡石等并没有预期的效果。涂层厚度对隔热保温效果具有一定影响，但是没有颜料和填料的影响大。隔热涂料使用的填料应含有硅藻土、二氧化钛以及一些常规的填料。