基于线性自抗扰技术的SMES储能变流器控制策略

储能系统作为微电网中不可或缺的重要组成部分,对保证微电网的稳定运行和提高微电网电能质量具有重要作用。提出一种基于线性自抗扰控制(linear active disturbance rejection control,LADRC)的超导磁储能系统(superconducting magnetic storage system,SMES)储能变流器控制策略,利用LADRC能够估计并补偿系统扰动,可有效改善储能系统输出电能质量和提高系统鲁棒性。通过对LADRC和比例积分(proportional integral,PI)控制系统进行频率响应特性分析可知,一阶LADRC的反馈补偿器可以等效为一个PI控制器串联一个一阶低通滤波器,能有效抑制系统高频噪声;同时使用根轨迹法分析了LADRC控制系统的稳定性和鲁棒性。MATLAB仿真结果表明,基于LADRC的SMES储能变流器控制策略具有响应速度快、控制精度高、抗扰能力强等优点,其控制效果和鲁棒性均优于传统PI控制器。     

一种双馈风力发电机组定子低次谐波电流抑制的方法

电网电压的低次谐波会影响风电变流器的并网电能质量。传统的PI调节器无法有效实现对谐波的抑制,因此,文中以双馈风力发电系统为背景,在电网电压含有低次谐波电压的情况下,分析并推导了电机定转子的数学模型。通过对数学模型的分析,利用单R谐振调节器对定子电流实时分解的方式,将特定次谐波电流的调节量作为谐波电压补偿量,参与转子侧变流器控制,实现了对定子侧低次谐波电流的抑制。并利用波特图和根轨迹的方法分析了系统的稳定性及谐振调节器参数的选择方法。最终以5、7次谐波为例,通过仿真和实验验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

双管正激电路数字控制系统设计方法的分析与对比

主要针对双管正激电路进行数字化控制。首先,分别采用s域间接设计、ω域波特图设计和z域根轨迹设计3种方法对数字控制系统进行设计;然后,对这3种设计方法进行了详细的分析和对比,并且用Matlab仿真验证了设计方法的正确性;最后,给出了3种数字控制系统设计的总结和对比,对指导数字控制系统的设计有着积极的意义。     

Sex Differences in the Hypothalamic Oxytocin Pathway to Locus Coeruleus and Augmented Attention with Chemogenetic Activation of Hypothalamic Oxytocin Neurons

The tightly localized noradrenergic neurons (NA) in the locus coeruleus (LC) are well recognized as essential for focused arousal and novelty-oriented responses, while many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit diminished attention, engagement and orienting to exogenous stimuli. This has led to the hypothesis that atypical LC activity may be involved in ASD. Oxytocin (OXT) neurons and receptors are known to play an important role in social behavior, pair bonding and cognitive processes and are under investigation as a potential treatment for ASD. However, little is known about the neurotransmission from hypothalamic paraventricular (PVN) OXT neurons to LC NA neurons. In this study, we test, in male and female rats, whether PVN OXT neurons excite LC neurons, whether oxytocin is released and involved in this neurotransmission, and whether activation of PVN OXT neurons alters novel object recognition. Using “oxytocin sniffer cells” (CHO cells that express the human oxytocin receptor and a Ca indicator) we show that there is release of OXT from hypothalamic PVN OXT fibers in the LC. Optogenetic excitation of PVN OXT fibers excites LC NA neurons by co-release of OXT and glutamate, and this neurotransmission is greater in males than females. In male, but not in female animals, chemogenetic activation of PVN OXT neurons increases attention to novel objects.     

Impacts of using inbred animals in studies for detection of quantitative trait loci

Effects of utilizing inbred and noninbred family structures in experiments for detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) were compared in this simulation study. Simulations were based on a general pedigree design originating from 2 unrelated sires. A variance component approach of mapping QTL was applied to simulated data that reflected common family structures from dairy populations. Five different family structures were considered: FS0 without inbreeding, FS1 with an inbred sire from an aunt-nephew mating, FS2 with an inbred sire originating from a half-sib mating, FS3 and FS4 based on FS2 but containing an increased number of offspring of the inbred sire (FS3), and another extremely inbred sire with its final offspring (FS4). Sixty replicates each of the 5 family structures in 2 simulation scenarios each were analyzed to provide a praxis-like situation of QTL analysis. The largest proportion of QTL position estimates within the correct interval of 3 cM, best test statistic profiles and the smallest average bias were obtained from the pedigrees described by FS4 and FS2. The approach does not depend on the kind and number of genetic markers. Inbreeding is not a recommended practice for commercial dairy production because of possible inbreeding depression, but inbred animals and their offspring that already exist could be advantageous for QTL mapping, because of reduced genetic variance in inbred parents.     

Characteristics of a reactor with power reactivity feedback

The point-reactor model with power reactivity feedback becomes a nonlinear system. Its dynamic characteristic shows great complexity. According to the mathematic definition of stability in differential equa-tion qualitative theory, the model of a reactor with power reactivity feedback is judged unstable. The equilib-rium point is a saddle-node point. A portion of the trajectory in the neighborhood of the equilibrium point is parabolic fan curve, and the other is hyperbolic fan curve. Based on phase locus near the equilibrium point, it is pointed out that the model is still stable within physical limits. The difference between stabilities in the mathematical sense and in the physical sense is indicated.     

IP网络环境下基于PI控制的实时视频流连续播放控制算法

为了克服IP网络环境下网络扰动对流媒体连续播放的影响,从接收端的角度来解决流媒体连续播放问题,提出一种基于PI控制的实时视频流连续播放控制算法.该方法在接收端使用根轨迹法设计PI控制器,通过控制播放速率,调节缓冲区的长度,实现了媒体的连续播放.为了真实地反映网络传输对接收端播放的影响,本文构建了一种基于TFRC协议的实时视频流传输控制框架.NS2仿真实验表明该方法与其他方法相比,播放质量明显提高,缓冲区出现欠载和溢出的机率明显降低,视频帧端到端平均时延明显缩小,实时性能明显增强.     

超临速磨机中钢球和矿石的运动规律研究

介绍超临速磨机的结构 ,分析研究超临速磨机中矿石和钢球的运动规律 ,得出钢球在抛物运动阶段的轨迹方程和钢球对矿石的冲击速度公式。结果表明 ,钢球的抛物线运动轨迹主要决定于导向板下端点的位置 ,钢球对矿石的冲击速度决定于磨机的转速和直径     

摆线发生机构的轨迹替代机构

具有摆线轨迹基础机构的齿轮五杆组合机构由于具有优良的传动性能和间歇性能，在生产中得到广泛应用。本文着重介绍了摆线发生机构的轨迹替代机构求解方法及其证明，并在此文中进一步阐明了其间的规律，具有实用意义。