煤焦水蒸气气化特性及动力学研究

运用等温热重法，对三种不同的煤焦，在反应温度900℃～1200℃之间进行水蒸气气化实验。分别考察了常压下反应温度、水蒸气分压和煤种对反应的影响；并且对不同煤焦的反应进行动力学计算，求取动力学参数，研究发现，煤焦水蒸气的反应与煤焦—CO2的反应相比速率要快得多，并且随反应温度升高，反应速率急剧增大。     

快固化、无收缩特种MMA-R17树脂在设备基础灌浆,锚固及修补中应用

本文介绍国外聚合物砂浆的性质和应用、施工配比及物理机械性能，供设计人员参考。     

带压堵漏技术的应用

在石油化工生产行业中，不停车实施带压堵漏技术，使生产正常进行，给企业带来了可观的潜在效益。本文着重分析了带压堵漏技术的实际应用和效果，为将来发展这种技术奠定了基础。     

Studies on crystal morphology and crystallization kinetics of polypropylene filled with CaCO3 of different size and size distribution

Changes in the crystal morphology, crystallinity, and the melting temperature of thermoplastics resulted in significant changes in the mechanical behavior of composites containing them. For this reason, the research of crystal morphology and crystallization kinetics in thermoplastic composites became an important requirement. The thermoplastic filled with the filler of different size gradation was a new method for improving processability of thermoplastic composites. We have previously reported that the melt viscosity of polypropylene (PP) composites, which were filled with 30 wt % CaCO₃ of effective size gradation, could be evidently declined. In this study, two sizes of CaCO₃, 325 meshes and 1500 meshes, were blended by different proportions and filled into PP matrix with 30 wt %. Crystal morphology and isothermal crystallization kinetics of a series of composites were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and polarizing microscope. The results showed that composites filled with CaCO₃ of effective size gradation leaded to a well‐crystalline order and a large crystal size, while their isothermal crystallization kinetics and crystallization rate constant (k) were declined, and their Avrami exponents (n) and crystallization half‐life (t_1/2) were increased compared with the composites filled with single size CaCO₃. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2437–2444, 2006     

Influence of isothermal aging onσprecipitation in super duplex stainless steel

The time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curve of the 00Cr25Ni7Mo4N duplex stainless steel was obtained with a Formastot-digital thermal dilatometer,and the influence of isothermal aging on σ precipitation was studied by metallographic observation,X-ray diffraction (XRD),and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The results show that the decomposition of ferrite phase is accompanied by the formation of σ phase at 750-1000℃,especially in the range of 800-900℃.The longer the aging time,the higher the amount of σ precipitation.The area fraction of various phases remains at a certain value upon the completion of ferrite deformation.The temperature of 850℃ is the most sensitive transaction temperature,the incubation time for the formation of o precipitation is less than 1 min,and aging for 20 min leads to the complete transformation of ferrite.The o phase is formed preferentially at the α/α/γ junction,and then grows along the α/α boundary in the matrix.     

Electrical conductivity changes of bulk tin and Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu in bulk and in joints during isothermal aging

The changes of electrical conductivity(resistance) between Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder joints and printed circuit board(PCB) assembly during aging at 125℃were investigated by the four-point probe technique.The microstructural characterizations of interfacial layers between the solder matrix and the substrate were examined by optical microscopy and scanning electronic microscopy.Different types of specimens were designed to consider several factors.The experimental results indicate that electrical conductivitie...     

Effect of cooling rate on the phase transformation and stability of the mushy zone during the solidification of Waspaloy

Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDAX) were used to study the microstructure,microsegregation, and fluid flow tendency of the superalloy Waspaloy in the mushy zone,which had been solidified at different cooling rates. The investigation was accompanied with the calculation of Rayleigh numbers.It is found that Ti is the main segregating element and the content of Ti is the highest in the final liquid at the cooling rates of 3-6℃/min.The eta phase(η) precipitate present...     

Cycling hardening and serration yielding of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy at high temperature under out-phase TMF

Behaviour of hardening and serration yield of a Fe-Ni-Cr alloy under isothermal cycling (ISC) and out-phase TMF was studied on the basis of varied hysteresis loops. Cycling hardening and serrated yielding for ISC depend on the temperature and the total strain range, stronger hardening with serrated yielding at higher strain range under ISC at 600 °C, but no hardening and serrated yielding occurred under ISC at 800 °C. Stronger hardening with stress serration occurred at the thermal path going to the lowest temperature, no stress serration occurred at the highest temperature under the out-phase. The hardening also depends on the total strain range, higher total strain range with lower cycling temperature resulted in a stronger hardening and remarkable serration yielding behavior. Weaker hardening without serrated yielding occurred at near 800 °C may due to an obvious cycling stress drop under out-phase TMF. Change in the shape of the hysteresis loops also expresses the degree of the damage of the tested alloy under out-phase and ISC.     

Formation of bulk ferromagnetic nanostructured Fe_(40)Ni_(40)P_(14)B_6 alloys by metastable liquid spinodal decomposition

Nanostructured Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloy ingots of 3―5 mm in diameter could be synthesized by a metastable liquid state spinodal decomposition method. For undercooling T> 260 K, the microstructure of the undercooled specimen had exhibited liquid state spinodal decomposition in the undercooled liquid state. The microstructure could be described as two intertwining networks with small grains dispersed in them. For undercooling T>290 K, the overall microstructure of the specimen changed into a granular morphology. T...     

Dy-Fe-Sb三元合金相图400℃等温截面中的物相分析

利用X射线衍射分析等技术测定了Dy-Fe-Sb三元系合金相图400℃等温截面,该等温截面由12个单相区、22个两相区、11个三相区组成.实验结果表明,在400℃下,FeSb有一固溶范围,约从44at%Sb延伸到46at%Sb,Dy在FeSb相中的最大固溶度约为1at%Dy,Sb在Fe相中的最大固溶度约为3at%Sb.在此等温截面中观察到8个二元化合物和1个三元化合物.