挤压铸造ZA27合金的凝固特性及组织分析

研究了ZA27合金挤压铸造的凝固特性和组织.差热分析表明挤压铸造可以使锌铝合金的凝固过程发生变化,压力在750MPa以上可抑制共晶反应的发生.压力下凝固,可大大减少ZA27合金的缩孔、缩松、气孔等缺陷,提高合金致密度,细化和改善组织,减轻枝晶偏析,使铸件整体的成分均匀.     

保温时间对压缩AZ91D镁合金半固态组织的影响

研究了SIMA法制备半固态AZ91D镁合金的组织演变规律。在230℃以36，84％的压缩比压缩后，组织呈现明显的流线状，合金处于热力学不稳定状态。在560℃保温不同的时间，淬火实验显示出固相在液相中的分布及形态，预变形AZ91D镁合金由最初的压缩流线状组织，转变为多边形粒子，最后发生球化。随时间的增加，固相率逐渐降低，30min以后变化很小；固相粒子尺寸先减小，超过一定时间后固相合并发生长大。综合考虑，560℃保温15～30min时可以获得最佳的半固态坯料。     

基于有限差分法的铸件凝固过程热应力场数值模拟的研究

基于有限差分法（FDM）对铸件凝固过程执应力场进行了三维数值模拟研究，开发了基于微机和Windows平台的通用FDM／FDM铸件热应力场数值模拟原型系统。并采用典型应力框试件和实际铸件对所开发的系统进行了验证同叶进行了涤注试验。并测量了试件的残余应力。结果表明该系统可以用来模拟铸件残余应力的形成和预测热裂产生的倾向。对铸造应力应变分析与传热分析使用同一FD离散模型，避免了采用不同模型进行热—力耦合分析时的结点匹配问题，减小由此产生的单元温度载荷传递误差；同时使得流动场、温度场、应力场数值模拟统一于差分格式下。     

Titanium in the rapidly cooled hypereutectic gray iron

The effect of titanium on the structure and properties of a rapidly cooled hypereutectic cast gray iron has been studied on the example of permanent mold (PM) casting. A microstructure study showed that titanium is a relatively strong element in controlling solidification structure by increasing undercooling and thus promoting type D graphite. The effectiveness of titanium additions depends on the base iron carbon equivalent (CE) with more pronounced changes in iron with a lower CE. The undercooling ability of the titanium decreases after exceeding a certain level. Increasing titanium from 0.09–0.12% slightly increases undercooling in iron with lower CE, but this effect was reduced in a more strongly hypereutectic iron. Alloying with titanium generally improves tensile strength, but the effectiveness of titanium additions also depends on the base iron CE range. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies revealed that most of the titanium-containing compounds were located in the metallic matrix: titanium carbides have been found in pearlite, while titanium nitrides and carbonitrides were located in ferrite. The presence of large amounts of extremely hard titanium-containing compounds, which often appear with steadite in a relatively high phosphorous content PM gray iron, amplifies the negative effect of titanium on machinability. This study suggests that for optimal combination of tensile strength/microstructure with good machinability, the titanium content in PM gray iron should not exceed 0.075%.     

纳米晶Al88Ce2Ni10铝合金的形成

通过晶化法，可以将快凝Ａｌ８８Ｃｅ２Ｎｉ１０非晶铝合金制备成纳米晶合金。纳米晶合金的组织为αＡｌ固溶体和金属间化合物Ａｌ３Ｎｉ及Ａｌ１１Ｃｅ３组成的多相纳米晶结构。在６０３～７７３Ｋ较宽退火温区内，用Ｓｃｈｅｒｅｒ公式计算各晶化相，得到αＡｌ、Ａｌ３Ｎｉ及Ａｌ１１Ｃｅ３的晶粒尺寸分别为３１～３１６、２２～２０７及１９～１６５ｎｍ。结果表明，通过控制热处理条件，可以获得不同晶粒尺寸的纳米晶合金。其中获得晶粒细小、结构均匀超细纳米晶合金的最佳退火温度为第二ＤＳＣ峰值温度附近     

铸态QT450-12轮毂均衡凝固补缩工艺试验

介绍球铁轮毂铸件的工艺改进过程.生产实践证明,按照均衡凝固的补缩原则,对结构上具有多个独立热节的球铁小件,通过设置相对独立的冒口,有效提供补缩液源,强化补缩,是获得致密健全铸件的重要技术措施.     

Casting/mold thermal contact heat transfer during solidification of Al-Cu-Si alloy (LM 21) plates in thick and thin molds

Heat flow at the casting/mold interface was assessed and studied during solidification of Al-Cu-Si (LM 21) alloy in preheated cast iron molds of two different thicknesses, coated with graphite and alumina based dressings. The casting and the mold were instrumented with thermocouples connected to a computer controlled temperature data acquisition system. The thermal history at nodal locations in the mold and casting obtained during experimentation was used to estimate the heat flux by solving the one-dimensional inverse heat conduction problem. The cooling rate and solidification time were measured using the computer-aided cooling curve analysis data. The estimated heat flux transients showed a peak due to the formation of a stable solid shell, which has a higher thermal conductivity compared with the liquid metal in contact with the mold wall prior to the occurrence of the peak. The high values of heat flux transients obtained with thin molds were attributed to mold distortion due to thermal stresses. For thin molds, assumption of Newtonian heating yielded reliable interfacial heat transfer coefficients as compared with one-dimensional inverse modeling. The time of occurrence of peak heat flux increased with a decrease in the mold wall thickness and increase in the casting thickness.     

抽拉速度对Ti-45Al合金定向凝固组织演化影响的数值模拟

采用基于溶质扩散控制模型结合CA方法对Ti-45Al合金定向凝固过程中抽拉速度对显微组织演化影响进行数值模拟。结果表明,随抽拉速度增加,凝固形态经历了平面→胞晶→胞/枝混合结构→树枝晶的转变,如果温度梯度高于20K/mm,仅经历平面→胞晶转变。此外,将模拟结果与实验结果和理论分析进行对比,证明了模型的有效性。     

挤压铸造工艺参数对Al_2O_(3f)/Al-4.5%Cu复合材料凝固方式与组织的影响

挤压铸造制备了Al2O3短纤维/Al 4 5%Cu合金复合材料,研究了关键工艺参数对基体合金凝固方式与组织的影响。结果表明:Al2O3短纤维表面不能作为基体α初晶非自发形核衬底;随凝固冷却速度ε的增大,复合材料基体组织将细化,基体中有更多完整的晶界出现,偏析第二相主要分布于晶界上,其量随ε的增大而明显增多;纤维体积分数Vf的增大将细化基体晶粒尺寸至纤维间隙大小,同时随Vf的增大,主要分布于纤维/基体界面的偏析第二相的量将有所降低;模具、预制块预热温度及合金液浇注温度对复合材料凝固过程的影响归结到对凝固冷却速度的影响上来;外加压力的提高使复合材料基体组织细化。     

等温热反挤压工艺参数对SiCp／LY12复合材料超塑性的影响

本文研究了等温热反挤压工艺参数对铝基复合材料超塑性的影响,并就模具、工装设计进行了论述。实验结果表明,等温热反挤压工艺可使铝基复合材料获得超塑性。