有限区间信号边界效应问题的研究

研究了截断信号边界的“吉布斯”现象及数字滤波器相位特性对有限区间信号滤波处理的影响，在阐明了有限区间信号处理中边界效应物理本质的基础上，探讨了数字信号处理中通常所采用的边界处理方法的有效性问题，提出了一种命名为端值延拓法的新的边界处理方法，通过比较分析和实例验证表明这种方法的优越性，文中以零相位数字滤波及运用MALLAT算法对有限区间信号进行小波分解与重构为实例，介绍了其边界效应问题及解决方案，取得了很好的效果。     

铝及铝合金熔体结构研究

综述了最近几十年来液态结构研究方法、铝及铝合金熔体结构研究的进展,特别是对Al-TM(过渡族元素)-X和Al-Si-X合金系做了详细介绍,希望为研究更高质量的铝合金熔体,精确控制铝及铝合金中的相组成提供理论指导.     

熔融插层法制备EPDM/OMMT纳米复合材料研究

采用熔融插层法,通过插层剂优选、配方设计与工艺优化,制备了密封用三元乙丙橡胶/有机蒙脱土(EPDM/OMMT)纳米复合材料,借助XRD分析了其微观结构,利用TG分析了其热稳定性,并初步研究了其气体阻隔性能与相关力学性能.结果表明,EPDM与OMMT经熔融插层形成插层型纳米复合材料,气体阻隔性能得到显著提高,相关力学性能也得以改善.     

Fundamentals of electrospinning and processing technologies

ABSTRACT

Nanofibers have been the subject of recent intensive research due to their unique properties, especially their large surface-area-to-volume ratio, which is about 1000 times higher than that of a human hair. They also have several other remarkable characteristics, such as flexibility in surface functionality, superior mechanical properties such as stiffness and tensile strength, their capacity to be formed into a variety of shapes, and the fact that they can be produced from a wide range of organic and inorganic polymers and ceramics. These outstanding properties make polymer nanofibers the optimal candidates for providing significant improvements in current technology and for opening the door to novel applications in many research areas. The present review presents a comprehensive summary of the existing solution and melts electrospinning technologies and the effects of parameters on the electrospinning process and nanofiber morphology.     

Thermo-viscoelastic response of nanocomposite melts

Observations are reported in shear oscillatory tests with small strains (the frequency-sweep mode) on a hybrid nanocomposite melt [thermoplastic elastomer (ethylene-octene copolymer) reinforced with various concentrations of montmorillonite nanoclay] at temperatures ranging from 150 to 210 °C. A constitutive model is developed for the viscoelastic behavior of a nanocomposite melt at arbitrary three-dimensional deformations with small strains. The melt is treated as an inhomogeneous, permanent polymer network with sliding junctions (entanglements and physical cross-links at the surfaces of nanofiller). It is assumed that macro-deformation induces sliding (plastic flow) of junctions between strands with respect to their reference positions, and the strain energy of the network depends on strain tensors for elastic and plastic deformations. Stress-strain relations are derived by using the laws of thermodynamics. These equations involve four adjustable parameters that are found by fitting the observations. It is demonstrated that (i) the governing equations correctly reproduce the experimental data and (ii) the material parameters change consistently with temperature and concentration of filler.     

镁合金液除气工艺参数的优化

利用镁合金快速定量测氢仪研究了通Ar除气对AZ91镁合金熔体除气处理的效果,以及通Ar流量、通Ar时间及精炼温度三因子对精炼效果的影响.运用正交试验方法找到了通Ar除气工艺的最佳工艺参数匹配,即通Ar流量为1～1.5L/min,通Ar时间为20～25min,镁液温度为725～750℃.揭示了主要工艺参数对镁合金熔体净化的影响规律.     

熔融纺丝制备的PET/锗复合纤维:负离子释放性能、远红外辐射性能及抗菌性能

为了研究不同无机锗粉含量的PET/锗复合纤维的负离子发射、远红外辐射以及抗菌性能,采用熔融复合纺丝法制备了无机锗粉质量分数为1%—3%的PET/锗复合纤维。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、XRD对纤维的表面和横截面形貌、物相结构进行了表征。结果表明,无机锗粉均匀地分散在纤维中,没有出现团聚现象。复合纤维的XRD图中在2θ=17.4°、24.1°、27°、33.5°、51.7°处出现了Ge-O的特征衍射峰,表明锗粉的晶格结构没有被纺丝的高温破坏。此外,负离子发射、远红外辐射以及抗菌性能测试表明,纤维的负离子发射量与纤维内部的锗含量成正比,当锗含量为3%时,达到1 470个/cm~3。在25~70℃范围内,纤维产生的负离子数量随温度的升高而增加,当温度超过70℃时,纤维产生的负离子数量基本达到饱和。当锗含量增加至3%时,PET/锗复合纤维的法向远红外发射率达到最大值0.9,12h内复合纤维对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率达到97.8%。     

熔体微分电纺PLA/OMMT可降解纳米纤维膜制备及污染处理

采用无溶剂的熔体静电纺丝技术制备可降解聚乳酸(PLA)纳米纤维,是一种很有前景和挑战性的绿色制备技术。其制备的纳米纤维膜孔隙率高、吸附能力强,可高效地处理环境污染问题。借助自制的熔体微分电纺装置,在PLA中引入了有机改性蒙脱土(OMMT),在260℃下制备了PLA/OMMT纳米纤维膜。探究了OMMT含量对PLA纤维形貌、吸油性能、空气过滤性能及降解性能的影响,并获得了最佳的OMMT配比含量。研究表明:加入OMMT后PLA热稳定性提高,结晶度大幅降低。OMMT质量分数为2%时制备的纤维,其直径为450nm。该纤维膜吸油倍率为133.5g/g,是市售PP无纺布的4~5倍,保油倍率为84.2g/g,具有良好的重复使用性能。针对粒径≥0.3μm尘埃粒子的空气过滤效率为99.31%,达到欧标H11过滤等级。且相比于纯PLA纤维膜降解性能提高,减少了二次污染,符合工业化绿色环保要求。     

Effect of vibration on behaviour of bifilms in A356 and A357 melts

The effect of applying vibration to a melt on the behaviour of bifilm defects in A356 and A357 melts was studied using a reduced pressure test technique. The results showed that vibrating a melt can have a dual effect on bifilms. This effect depends on the rate of phase transformations that occur in the oxide films. If the transformation occurs fast enough then the vibration would facilitate the formation of bonding between the layers of bifilm defects by causing the atmosphere of the defects to be consumed faster. Otherwise, the vibration might facilitate the diffusion of hydrogen into the atmosphere of the defects, and hence prevent or delay the formation of bonding between the oxide layers.