多环电网方向保护整定计算中形成有向简单回路的新方法

在高压或超高压电网的距离保护和零序保护的整定计算过程中，首先要确定全网的最小断点集(MBPS)，然后在断点集的保护安装处打开断点，使得全网变为辐射网络。其中，多环复杂电网中有向简单回路的确定是求解最小断点集的关键，也是其必要步骤之一。为了最大限度地减少多环复杂电网中有向简单回路的计算复杂性，该文提出了一种保护依赖度和主／后备保护依赖集的新概念：将所有有向简单回路的形成过程归结为环网中所有保护依赖度大小的比较和保护依赖集的不完全深度优先搜寻过程。通过比较保护依赖度的大小来确定每次方向回路搜索的起始点，并通过对保护依赖集的深度优先搜索来确定所有有向简单回路。该方法能统一处理环网中的‘T’形接线、辐射线路等保护的配合问题。算例表明该方法简单有效，显著地降低了计算的复杂性，可方便地应用于高压或超高压电网的距离保护和零序保护的整定计算。     

An Enhanced Parallel Loop Self-Scheduling Scheme for Cluster Environments

Approaches for dealing with scheduling and load-balancing in PC-based cluster systems are famous and well known. In such environments, Self-Scheduling Schemes are suitable for parallel loops with independent iterations. However, while schemes such as FSS, GSS, and TSS fit most computer systems, they cannot provide good load-balancing. Chao-Tung Yang and Shun-Chi Chang proposed a parallel loop scheduling scheme for heterogeneous PC cluster systems in Yang and Chang [13]. Though the proposed scheme allows users to choose parameters before execution initialization, weaknesses in it motivated us to develop further improvements. For instance, using fixed and monotonous parameters can easily lead to invalid scheduling due to use of previously input information. Thus, in this paper we propose a new scheme that fits most widely available computer systems and allows the scheduling parameter to be adjusted dynamically in order to provide higher overall performance.     

循环并行性开发的新算法──下标因子检测

针对现有的相关性检测算法不能详细判定相关类型的不足，本文提出了基于形如“ａＩ＋ｂ”的线性下标表达式的相关性检测新算法：“下标因子相关性检测算法”。该算法正确且简单，非常易于高效实现。由于能够具体而准确地判定各种不同的相关类型，因而可将该算法与较为成熟的消除反相关和输出相关的方法联用，进而达到既检测相关性又进一步提高ＤＯ循环并行性的理想效果。     

三阶电荷泵锁相环的分析与仿真

在分析锁相环基本原理和线性化模型的基础上,给出了基于锁相环系统环路带宽和相位裕度的环路滤波器参数的计算公式.结合具体的参数计算,给出系统参数,然后用ADS工具对系统进行仿真,结果表明利用给出的方法来设定锁相环的参数,通过反复几次的调节能得到一组很好的系统参数,仿真结果于预期的相吻合,对三阶电荷泵锁相环的系统设计和仿真有一定的指导意义.     

Self-adaptive systems: A survey of current approaches,research challenges and applications

Self-adaptive software is capable of evaluating and changing its own behavior, whenever the evaluation shows that the software is not accomplishing what it was intended to do, or when better functionality or performance may be possible. The topic of system adaptivity has been widely studied since the mid-60s and, over the past decade, several application areas and technologies relating to self-adaptivity have assumed greater importance. In all these initiatives, software has become the common element that introduces self-adaptability. Thus, the investigation of systematic software engineering approaches is necessary, in order to develop self-adaptive systems that may ideally be applied across multiple domains. The main goal of this study is to review recent progress on self-adaptivity from the standpoint of computer sciences and cybernetics, based on the analysis of state-of-the-art approaches reported in the literature. This review provides an over-arching, integrated view of computer science and software engineering foundations. Moreover, various methods and techniques currently applied in the design of self-adaptive systems are analyzed, as well as some European research initiatives and projects. Finally, the main bottlenecks for the effective application of self-adaptive technology, as well as a set of key research issues on this topic, are precisely identified, in order to overcome current constraints on the effective application of self-adaptivity in its emerging areas of application.     

Configurable analogue building blocks for field-programmable analogue arrays

In this article, the design of configurable analogue blocks for field programmable analogue arrays is presented. The configurable blocks are capable of performing integration, differentiation, amplification, log, anti-log, add and negate functions. The realisation of these functions depends on differential continuous-time current-mode translinear loop techniques. To maintain high frequency operation, the programmability and configurability of the blocks are achieved by modifying the block's biasing conditions digitally. Simulation results for the presented circuits are included.     

RNA Relics and Origin of Life

A number of small RNA sequences, located in different non-coding sequences and highly preserved across the tree of life, have been suggested to be molecular fossils, of ancient (and possibly primordial) origin. On the other hand, recent years have revealed the existence of ubiquitous roles for small RNA sequences in modern organisms, in functions ranging from cell regulation to antiviral activity. We propose that a single thread can be followed from the beginning of life in RNA structures selected only for stability reasons through the RNA relics and up to the current coevolution of RNA sequences; such an understanding would shed light both on the history and on the present development of the RNA machinery and interactions. After presenting the evidence (by comparing their sequences) that points toward a common thread, we discuss a scenario of genome coevolution (with emphasis on viral infectious processes) and finally propose a plan for the reevaluation of the stereochemical theory of the genetic code; we claim that it may still be relevant, and not only for understanding the origin of life, but also for a comprehensive picture of regulation in present-day cells.     

考虑碰撞挤压的螺栓接头迟滞回线建模

在振动、冲击载荷作用下,螺栓连接结构呈现出明显的非线性迟滞现象,影响结构的整体性能。传统的动力学研究仅考虑连接界面的微观/宏观滑移,很少研究螺栓杆与孔壁之间由于界面滑移产生的接触力。基于BRAKE的RIPP模型,提出一种考虑能量损耗的“钉扎接触力”模型,以实现对切向力3个阶段的整体迟滞回线建模;基于该模型,分析预紧力以及摩擦因数对迟滞回线的影响。提出的模型与现有的研究结果吻合性良好,验证了整体迟滞模型的有效性。研究表明：摩擦因数和预紧力的增加会扩大迟滞回线所包围的面积,进而导致单个周期内切向滑移所造成的能量损耗逐渐增加;相比于摩擦因数,预紧力对微滑移阶段的迟滞特性影响更为明显。提出的模型可以反映出“钉扎”接触过程对迟滞特性的影响,有助于更好地揭示螺栓连接在冲击载荷下的响应特征及其非线性行为,为后续螺栓连接结构动力学建模提供帮助。     

水利服务湖北“两圈一带”战略的思考

"两圈一带"战略是湖北省委、省政府按照科学发展观要求提出并实施的重要战略。水利服务"两圈一带"战略要着力实施水利安全工程、水利生态工程和水利开发工程。要在服务"两圈一带"战略中实现新的跨越,必须夯实服务基础,创新思路,真抓实干。