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31.
用光学及电子显微镜(SEM.TEM)观察不同热处理的40Cr 钢的冲击及断裂韧性断口、及金相组织,阐明其间相互关系;断口结构可反映断裂特征,组织情况;细化晶粒提高强度、塑性和冲击韧性,但却减少脆断的特性距离 l 因而降低 K_(1c)模;减少碳(杂质)偏聚而使其呈较均匀地分布,从而减少可诱发塑坑的较粗大的碳(杂质)化合物的析出,即增加塑坑的间距 di 以及增加塑断组成物。从而都可增加断裂临界应变 ef,都可以提高 K_(1c)40Cr 复合热处理既靠先超高温淬、回火以减少碳(杂质)偏聚,改善其分布,以反增加位错马氏体从而提高 K_(1c),也靠后淬、回火细化晶粒而提高强度、塑性和冲击韧性,各自发挥长处达到强韧化。 相似文献
32.
A mathematical model for the drying rate of granular particles in a multistage inclined fluidized bed(IFB) is presented from the standpoint of simultaneous heat and mass transfer, with taking the effect of mechanical vibration added vertically into consideration.
Steady-state distributions for the temperatures and concentrations of the particles and the heating gas, and for the moisture content of the particles are numerically calculated based on the present model. The calculated results show fairly good agreement with the experimental data, which were obtained from the drying experiments of brick particles in a three-stage IFB using comparatively low temperature air(40-60°C) as the heating gas.
It has been found within the range of the experimental conditions employed that, the mechanical vibration added vertically enhances the over-all drying rate of the particles and its effect can be considered equivalent to an increase in the air velocity. 相似文献
Steady-state distributions for the temperatures and concentrations of the particles and the heating gas, and for the moisture content of the particles are numerically calculated based on the present model. The calculated results show fairly good agreement with the experimental data, which were obtained from the drying experiments of brick particles in a three-stage IFB using comparatively low temperature air(40-60°C) as the heating gas.
It has been found within the range of the experimental conditions employed that, the mechanical vibration added vertically enhances the over-all drying rate of the particles and its effect can be considered equivalent to an increase in the air velocity. 相似文献
33.
An outline of the characteristics of PEEK and the versatility of its compositional forms (micro and macro composites) are given to illustrate its wide potential for success in engineering applications. Although it is necessary to have particular tabulations of mechanical properties for engineering design, these are seldom available and consequently it is argued that an understanding of stiffness, toughness and strength properties are required to fully exploit available manufacturer's data and thus develop the full potential of PEEK and its composites. Stiffness characteristics are considered in terms of a modulus function which is dependent on time under load and temperature. In its composite forms, whether reinforced with short or continuous fibres, stiffness anistropy can be both considerable and complex, but some empirical ground-rules are apparent. For continuous fibre composites even in the form of complex lay-ups, it is also possible to attempt some stiffness prediction from certain pseudo-elastic constants. Toughness of PEEK and its composites is described in terms of both comparative and intrinsic properties. Instrumented falling weight impact data, particularly as a function of temperature enable some insight into ductile-brittle transitions for the unreinforced material, but crack initiation and crack propagation processes for the various fibre reinforced forms. Intrinsic toughness is described in terms of linear elastic fracture mechanics theory. Strength properties are described for static and dynamic loading configurations. In particular, PEEK and its composites are evaluated for increasing test severities for strength characteristics; stress concentration, loading form and test temperature are considered. 相似文献
34.
C R Chakravorty 《Bulletin of Materials Science》1994,17(6):733-745
Magnesium-lithium alloys are among the lowest density metallic materials. Addition of lithium, with a relative density of
0·53, in magnesium reduces the density of the alloy significantly. Furthermore, addition of nearly 11 wt.% lithium converts
hexagonal close packed structure of pure magnesium to a body centered cubic lattice, markedly improving formability of the
alloy. The development of these alloys, however, had been hampered due to the high reactivity of lithium and magnesium in
the molten state and also, due to poor creep resistance and instability of mechanical properties at room temperature. In an
attempt to indigenize these ultra light alloys for possible applications in Indian satellite programme, detailed research
work was initiated in DMRL. The difficulties associated with producing sound cast ingots have been overcome by controlling
melting and casting parameters of these alloys. Extensive work has been done on structure-property correlation of alloys with
varying lithium content and minor alloying additions. Based on these work, advanced magnesium-lithium alloys have been developed
with improved tensile properties, room temperature stability and creep resistance. Wrought products (plates/sheets) of magnesium-lithium
alloy have been supplied to ISAC, Bangalore and are being used in their INSAT-2 programme. This paper describes the systematic
studies carried out in the laboratory to indigenize these ultra light alloys. 相似文献
35.
本文研究了机械研磨 Ni_(50)B_(50)合金非晶的形成过程。唯象地提出用 J-M-A 方程描述此过程,并作了简单的讨论。 相似文献
36.
37.
交联型聚醚聚氨酯的表征、力学性能及其碱金属盐络合物的导电性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)作交联剂与聚乙二醇(PEO-1540)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)反应,得到了具有较好力学性能的交联型聚醚聚氨酯(PEU),该聚合物与LiClO4的结合物具有较高的室温电导率(σ30℃=1.87×10 ̄(-4)S/cm)。采用全反射红外光谱(ATR-IR)对聚合物的结构进行了表征。对聚合物的组成、不同TDI类型及络合盐浓度对聚合物力学性能及其络合物电导率的影响进行了探讨。低度交联聚合物的络合物,其电导率与温度的关系符合建立在自由体积理论上的VTF方程,表明络合物中离子的传导主要是在无定形区域进行,与自由体积有关。 相似文献
38.
Ti-23Al-14Nb-3V合金氩弧焊接头的显微组织及其力学性能 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
研究了预热对Ti-23Al-14Nb-3V合金焊接性,特别是对消除氩弧焊冷裂纹的作用以及对接头显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,焊前预热可有效降低该合金的冷裂倾向。经预热处理后,焊缝区的结晶层状线消失,热影响区的硬度峰得到缓和,整个焊缝的显微硬度分布趋于均匀,但焊缝区的枝晶发生粗化,热影响区有所扩大。焊件接头的拉伸试验表明,预热可使焊缝区的接头强度系数增加,但无论预热与否,接头强度均低于母材强度,且不显示宏观塑性。 相似文献
39.
F. Bay V. Labbe Y. Favennec J. L. Chenot 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2003,58(6):839-867
This paper presents a mathematical and numerical model developed for coupling the various physical phenomena (electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical) taking place in axisymmetrical induction heating processes. All three electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical models are time dependent and take full account of the electromagnetic and thermal non‐linear effect especially with magnetic materials. The electromagnetic problem is discretized and solved in the workpiece, air and inductors. The heat transfer equation and the mechanical equilibrium equations are solved in the workpiece only, both using a finite element method. The mechanical model can take into account thermoelastic–plastic behaviour for the part. The model has been successfully applied to several cases of induction heating. Comparisons between numerical and experimental results show an excellent agreement. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
40.
Food products can be high‐pressure processed (HPP) either in bulk or prepackaged in flexible or semi‐rigid packaging materials. In the latter case the packaging material is subjected, together with the food, to high‐pressure treatment. A number of studies have been performed to quantify the effects of high‐pressure processing on the physical and barrier properties of the packaging material, since the integrity of the package during and after processing is of paramount importance to the safety and quality of the food product. This article reviews the results of published research concerning the effect of HPP on packaging materials. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献