SbSn金属间化合物的制备及其脱硫性能

以Sb、Sn为原料,用机械合金化法制备了SbSn金属间化合物,用X射线衍射仪和透射电镜对其进行了表征。实验考察了球料比、球磨时间、球磨转速、原料比以及使用后的清洗方式对SbSn金属间化合物性能的影响;并考察了2种不同性质的乳状液对脱硫的影响。结果表明球料比10∶1、转速270r/min、球磨时间8h为最佳合成条件。在常温常压下对于油品中的噻吩,单程脱除率在9.7%左右,3次循环实验后脱硫率可以达到23%。     

波兰IF系列浮选机的主要特点及应用

论述了波兰IF系列浮选机的结构、工作原理、自动控制系统及主要特点;该浮选机属压气式机械搅拌浮选机,采用圆柱体形状,槽深达3~4m,单槽容积大,处理量大,自动化程度高,浮选效率高,有利于极细颗粒煤泥的浮选;应用表明,与其他浮选机相比,在精煤和尾煤灰分指标不变时,精煤产率显著提高。     

聚乙烯管道系统的连接技术问题(2)

介绍了各种聚乙烯管道系统的连接技术。连接常是管道系统成败的关键,各种连接技术都有其适用的范围。聚乙烯压力管道的连接以熔接为主,但有些场合需要机械密封连接。在聚乙烯的机械密封连接中特别要注意聚乙烯容易蠕变的特性。有些适用于聚氯乙烯管道的连接方法和设计不适用于聚乙烯管道。聚乙烯无压力管道的连接也有多种方法,要根据对于密封的要求选择。介绍了国内外为解决聚乙烯双壁波纹管承口刚度问题采用的种种做法。简介了交联聚乙烯管道和增强聚乙烯管道的特殊连接技术。提出在聚乙烯管道系统的连接方面希望国内外科技界关注的几个重要研究课题。     

PET/纳米TiO2复合材料松弛行为的研究

以PET/纳米TiO2复合材料为对象,采用TMA、DMTA等手段,从分子运动的角度对该复合体系的松弛行为进行了研究.结果表明,纳米粒子在聚合物基体中与分子链通过物理或化学作用限制分子链的运动与松弛.体现在复合体系的温度-形变谱图中,随纳米TiO2含量的增加,玻璃化转变提前,橡胶平台降低,黏流温度升高.在温度黏弹谱中,与纯PET相比PET/纳米TiO2复合体系的嶙a变提前,储能模量增加,低温下损耗模量也有所增加.     

几种不同结构型号PE改性PPR力学性能的研究

研究了线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)/聚丙烯(PPR)共混体系、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/聚丙烯(PPR)共混体系、超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)/聚丙烯(PPR)共混体系的力学性能和熔体流动速率。结果表明,UHMWPE的增韧改性效果最好,在UHMWPE的含量为15%时体系的综合力学性能最好。LLDPE的增韧改性效果次之,HDPE的最差。     

Studies on mechanical and thermal properties of ternary blends of polyethylenes. I

Six film samples of varying compositions of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE), 10–35 wt %, and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), 40–65 wt %, having a fixed percentage of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) at 25 wt % were extruded by melt blending in a single‐screw extruder (L/D ratio = 20 : 1) of uniform thickness of 2 mil. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength were found to increase up to 60 wt % HDPE addition, starting from 40 wt % HDPE, in the blends and then decreased. The blend sample B‐500 was found to be more thermally stable than its counterparts. The appearance of a single peak beyond 45 wt % HDPE content in the blend in dynamic DSC scans showed the formation of miscible blend systems and this was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopic analysis. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1691–1698, 2005     

SBS and SEBS block copolymers as impact modifiers for polypropylene compounds

Blends of polypropylene (PP) and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), namely SBS (styrene‐butadiene‐styrene) and SEBS (styrene‐ethylene/1‐butene‐styrene) block copolymers, were prepared to evaluate the effectiveness of the TPE type as an impact modifier for PP and influence of the concentration of elastomer on the polymer properties. Polypropylene homopolymer (PP‐H) and ethylene–propylene random copolymer (PP‐R) were evaluated as the PP matrix. Results showed that TPEs had a nucleating effect that caused the PP crystallization temperature to increase, with SBS being more effective than SEBS. Microstructure characterization tests showed that in most cases PP/SEBS blends showed the smallest rubber droplets regardless of the matrix used. It was seen that SEBS is a more effective toughening agent for PP than SBS. At 0°C the Izod impact strength of the PP‐H/SEBS 30% b/w blend was twofold higher than the SBS strength, with the PP‐R/SEBS 30% b/w blend showing no break. A similar behavior on tensile properties and flexural modulus were observed in both PP/TPE blends. Yield stress and tensile strength decreased and elongation at break increased by expanding the dispersed elastomeric phase in the PP matrix. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 254–263, 2005     

The effect of heat sealing temperature on the properties of OPP/CPP heat seal. I. Mechanical properties

The effect of heat sealing temperature on the mechanical properties and morphology of OPP/CPP laminate films was investigated. The laminated films were placed in an impulse type heat sealing machine with both CPP sides facing each other. The temperatures investigated ranged from 100 to 250°C. T‐peel and tensile tests in combination with SEM were used to characterize the heat seals. A minimum seal initiation temperature of 120°C was identified for OPP/CPP laminate heat sealing. Peel strength increased sharply from zero at 110°C to maximum at 120°C, after which a gradual decrease was observed. Tensile strength initially increased until 120°C, after which it gradually decreased until 170°C and assumed a constant value beyond that. The initial rise has been associated to cold crystallization, while the reduction between 120°C and 170°C was due to relaxation in molecular orientation. Beyond 170°C, all the orientation in the laminate has been lost so orientation effects are nullified. Morphological studies with SEM revealed that seals were partially formed at lower temperatures, while the laminates were totally fused together at high temperatures, with intermediate temperatures showing properties that lie in between. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 753–760, 2005     

Prediction of rubber stability by accelerated aging test modeling

This study was devoted to the prediction of polymer material aging. The prediction of the shelf time of tire rubber is used as an example in this article. The main steps of the whole procedure are described. They are the design of the experiment, accelerated aging testing, the construction of a multiresponse mathematical model and parameter estimation, and the extrapolation of the model in real‐life settings. The main pitfalls were deduced, and techniques to overcome these pitfalls are described. Novel methods of data modeling, such as evolutionary design of experiment and successive Bayesian estimation, were used. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 1275–1284, 2005     

亚麻非织造布的缝合加固及其复合材料成型性研究

亚麻纤维通过针刺工艺加工成非织造布,再经缝合加固后,作为复合材料的增强体,与不饱和聚酯树脂复合,制成亚麻/不饱和聚酯复合材料板材及异型件。利用真空辅助树脂传递模塑法制备出的板材,亚麻纤维和树脂结合较为均匀、充分。模压法形成的亚麻非织造布异型件成型良好,无褶皱与破洞。对板材及异型件拉伸、弯曲及压缩等性能的测试结果表明,板材拉伸强度最大值达58.59MPa,弯曲强度最大值为120.26MPa;采用平行缝合工艺的异型件最大破坏载荷为8.99kN。