A STUDY ON ALUMINIDE COATINGS ON TiAl ALLOYS BY PACK CEMENTATION METHOD

1. IntroductionIntermetallic compound TiAl is expected to be one of the candidates for high temperature systems such as aircraft engines because it has a high specific strength at elevatedtemperatures[1,2]. However, there are two major drawbacks with intermetallic compoundTiAl as an engineering material: one is its poor room temperature ductility and the otheris the poor oxidation resistance above 800xi. The former has been generally overcomeby modification of the microstructure using ternar…     

Fe-Co-W-Mo型表面时效硬化合金的表面时效硬化特性(Ⅱ)

利用双层辉光离子渗金属技术在工业纯针表面形成高钴的Ｆｅ－Ｃｏ－Ｗ－Ｍｏ型表面时效硬化合金。研究表明,这种表面合金具有时效硬化迅速、硬化能力强和抗回火退化能力强的特点。合金经１２４０℃固溶处理后５４０℃的时效５ｍｉｎ,硬度就从固溶态的５００ＨＶ０．２左右上升到７５０ＨＶ０．２;时效４０ｍｉｎ,硬度上升到１２００ＨＶ０．２左右;于７００℃回火２小时,表层硬度仍保持７２０ＨＶ０．２以上。     

双辉离子渗钨钼层渗碳组织的电镜分析

采用双志了子渗金属技术,首先在低碳钢表面渗入合金元素钨、钼,然后作固溶处理,使金属间化合物溶于基体中,接着渗碳,使合金层内形成在碍区弥散、均匀、细小的合金碳化物。经淬及回火后的合金层具有高速钢组织及性能。对渗透了金属层渗碳后的组织进行了电子分析     

机械合金化程度对Cu-15Ni-8Sn合金性能的影响

通过机械合金化 (MA)制备出未合金化 (均匀混合 )、部分合金化和完全合金化 3种Cu 15Ni 8Sn(质量分数 ,% )粉末 ,经粉末冶金工艺成型。利用X射线衍射仪 (XRD)和扫描电镜 (SEM)分析了 3种粉末的晶粒尺寸、畸变能、晶格参数和颗粒大小 ,测试了合金时效前后的硬度 ,研究了机械合金化程度对该材料成型性能及其Spin odal调幅分解的影响。结果表明 ,在压制和烧结性能方面 ,未合金化粉末最好 ,完全合金化粉末稍好于部分合金化粉末 ;通过轧制能有效地提高部分和完全合金化粉末制成合金的密度 ;冷形变时效后完全合金化粉末制成的合金具有最大峰值硬度 ,且过时效时间延长。     

机械合金化Fe-40Al合金粉末工艺研究

以Fe粉、Al粉末为对象,采用机械合金化制备Fe-40Al合金复合粉末,研究球磨工艺参数对Fe-40Al合金粉末形貌及组织结构的影响规律,为机械合金化制备适合冷喷涂用Fe-40Al合金粉末提供最佳的工艺参数。研究结果表明,球磨后的Fe-40Al合金粉末具有独特的层状组织结构,随着球磨时间的延长,Fe-40Al合金粉末的平均粒径不断减小,由于Fe、Al相互扩散作用加强,粉末内部的层状结构不断细化而消失;随着球料比增加,机械合金化效率显著提高,相同球磨时间内Fe-40Al合金粉末粒径减小的幅度显著增大,同时粉末内部合金化过程加剧,导致层状结构快速消失。     

Laser surface alloying of aluminium with WC + Co + NiCr for improved wear resistance

In the present study, laser surface alloying of aluminium with WC + Co + NiCr (in the ratio of 70:15:15) has been conducted using a 5 kW continuous wave (CW) Nd:YAG laser (at a beam diameter of 0.003 m), with the output power ranging from 3 to 3.5 kW and scan speed from 0.012 m/s to 0.04 m/s by simultaneous feeding of precursor powder (at a flow rate of 1 × 10^− 5 kg/s) and using He shroud at a gas flow rate of 3 × 10^− 6 m³/s. The effect of laser power and scan speed on the characteristics (microstructures, phases and composition) and properties (wear and corrosion resistance) of the surface alloyed layer have been investigated in details. Laser surface alloying leads to development of fine grained aluminium with the dispersion of WC, W₂C, Al₄C₃, Al₉Co₂, Al₃Ni, Cr₂₃C₆, and Co₆W₆C. The microhardness of the alloyed zone is significantly improved to a maximum value of 650 VHN as compared to 22 VHN of the as-received aluminium substrate. The mechanism of microhardness enhancement has been established. The fretting wear behavior of the alloyed zone was evaluated against WC by Ball-on-disc wear testing unit and the mechanism of wear was established.     

Effect of nanostructuring and Al alloying on friction and wear behaviour of thermal sprayed WC–Co coatings

Nanostructured WC–Co and WC–Co–Al coatings, with about 300-μm as-deposited coating thickness, were deposited by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying. Agglomerated nanostructured cermet powders produced by the Mechanomade® process was used for HVOF spraying. Dense and well-adherent coatings with crystal sizes below 30 nm were deposited on stainless steel 304 substrate. Porosity was less than 5% and the bond strength with the substrate was around 60 MPa. Experimental data on friction, wear, and abrasion resistance revealed that nanostructured WC–Co based coatings containing some Al as alloying element, exhibit improved tribological characteristics in comparison to nanostructured and micron-sized WC–Co coatings. This was attributed to a carbide particle distribution within the coating revealed by SEM, the absence of brittle W₂C-like phases revealed by XRD, and the presence of Al at particle/matrix boundaries revealed by TEM.     

45钢激光表面合金化熔池立体对流模型探讨

对４５钢上Ｆｅ基合盒粉未激光表面合金化熔池，从三个不同的侧面进行了分析。在理论分析和试验的基础上，提出了激光表面合金化熔池的立体对流模型，同时，对合金层进行成分分析。结果表明：正由于熔池内部的对流，使合金层成分在宏观上趋于均匀。     

用机械合金化方法制备Ni-Al系金属间化合物

用球磨机分别对Ｎｉ－５０ａｔ．－％Ａｌ和Ｎｉ－２５ａｔ．－％Ａｌ混合粉末进行机械合金化，并对Ｎｉ_３Ａｌ预合金粉末进行高能球磨，观察了粉末的金相组织，测定了粉末的硬度、平均直径和晶粒尺寸，并作了ＸＲＤ物相分析结果表明，经３ｈ研磨，Ｎｉ－５０ａｔ．－％Ａｌ混合粉末变成ＮｉＡｌ金属间化合物，其晶粒直径约５ｎｍ；经５ｈ机械球磨，Ｎｉ－２５ａｔ．－％Ａｌ混合粉末成为无序的亚稳定Ｎｉ固溶体，而Ｎｉ_３Ａｌ预合金粉末由Ｌｌ_２型长程有序金属间化合物转变为ｆｃｃ无序固溶体；球磨更长时间，则形成纳米晶．     

Superplastic behaviour of Ti-48at.%Al two-phase titanium aluminide compacts made from mechanically alloyed powder

An HIP compact of MA-processed powder having a nominal composition of Ti-48at.% Al was produced. The compact consisted of a large amount of TiAl(λ) and a small amount of Ti₃Al (₂), in a completely ultra-fine equiaxed grain structure. This two-phase compact showed typical superplastic deformation behaviour. A maximum elongation of 550% was obtained. A strain exponent, n = 2, and grain size exponent, p = 2, were determined from the results of a strain-rate-change test and a creep test at constant initial stress using samples having various grain sizes, respectively. The activation energy for creep, Q_c at constant stress was calculated to be 350 kJ/mole. It is concluded that the superplastic deformation mechanism of the material under study is grain boundary sliding controlled by lattice diffusion in the TiAl phase.