氧化铁生产废液的治理和利用

氧化铁生产产生的含铁硫酸铵废液和洗涤废水中含有铁、硫酸根、铵等离子。采用化学沉淀、过滤、蒸发等方法处理该废水可回收废水中的硫酸铵、氧化铁、处理后的废水可回用于生产。     

循环冷却水处理新化学药剂的发展

随着水资源的日益紧张和排放标准的日益严格,要求循环冷却水处理药剂能适应高硬度、高碱度、高氯离子、高有机污染的需要,本文介绍的国外的新型药剂－－聚氨基聚醚基甲叉膦酸、膦酰基羧酸、聚天冬氨酸、过氧乙酸、４,５－二氯－２－正丁基－４－异噻啉丁酮等具有优良的阻垢和杀菌作用,并且对环境友好。     

人工神经网络及其在窑炉动态温度场的模拟研究

本文阐述了人工神经网络的发展、基本原理以及前馈神经网络的反向传播学习算法，并应用单孢层网络进行了窑炉烧嘴温度场分布的仿真研究。结果表明。用非线性神经元网络模拟在窑炉温度场预测和控制方面是可行的。     

熔体直纺工艺中粘度波动对长丝质量的影响

讨论了熔体粘度波动时熔体的可纺性、POY的物性指标及后加工性能、DTY的质量指标及其染色等情况。结果表明;熔体粘度偏低时,前纺飘丝断头增多,后纺伸头困难,POY和DTY的强度降低、伸长度增大,DTY有较多的点状僵丝,袜带吸色较深且有较多的色斑点;熔体粘度偏高时,熔体泵前压力偏低,后加工张力高,纸筒管易于破裂。POY和DTY纤度偏小,强度增大,伸长度减小,各种不匀增大,袜带吸色较浅且较为均匀。初步确定熔体粘度的波动范围应控制在1.615—1.650.     

A kinetic study on medium temperature desulfurization using a natural manganese ore

Natural manganese ores were selected as raw materials for the desulfurization sorbent because of economical efficiency and high reactivity on hydrogen sulfide. Initial reaction rates between H₂S and desulfurization sorbent of natural manganese ores were determined in a temperature range of 400-800°C using a thermobalance reactor. All reactions were first order with respect to H₂S and were expressed by the Arrhenius relation. When the sulfidation reaction was controlled by diffusion, the temperature dependence of the effective diffusivity was given by the Arrhenius equation. Activation energies and frequency factors were obtained from the product layer diffusion coefficient of various sorbents by plotting as an Arrhenius equation form. Several additives were mixed to improve the sulfidation capacity, and NiO was the best additive.     

锌-锰合金镀层磷化工艺研究

为进一步提高Zn-M n合金镀层的抗蚀性,采用锌锰系磷化处理Zn-M n合金镀层,研究表明在相同镀层厚度下,Zn-M n合金镀层抗蚀能力是镀锌层的5倍,经磷化后的Zn-M n合金镀层的抗蚀能力是镀锌层的7~8倍。实验结果表明,Zn-M n合金镀层经锌锰系磷化后抗蚀性明显提高。     

裂化催化剂生产废水中悬浮物的去除试验

用配制的分别以阴离子聚丙烯酰胺、氯化铝和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺为主剂的三种絮凝剂对裂化催化剂生产废水进行絮凝研究,考察了絮凝剂的加入量、废水pH值和絮凝沉降时间对絮凝沉降效果的影响。试验结果表明:在一定的操作参数下,以阴离子聚丙烯酰胺为主剂絮凝剂的用量较少,效果最好。     

Investigation of transport phenomena in a hybrid ion exchange-electrodialysis system for the removal of copper ions

Hybrid ion exchange electrodialysis processes allow the removal of metal ions from dilute waste liquids and the recovery of more concentrated solutions. The work reported here was aimed at investigating the two steps in the treatment process, namely, adsorption of metal ions onto the packed bed of resin and electromigration (i.e., the transport of these ions in the complex system under the applied electrical field). The case of copper sulfate was investigated. Dowex resins with a cross-linking degree of 2 and 8% were used. The flux of copper through the resin bed and the current efficiency for ion transfer to the cathode compartment were determined as a function of potential gradient and copper ionic fraction in the bed. Apparent diffusion coefficients of Cu²⁺ in the overall system were deduced from the experimental data.     

窑炉用热电阻、热电偶智能温度测量板的设计

温度是影响陶瓷烧成质量的关键因素,介绍了一种适用于测量各种窑炉不同部位温度的智能温度测量板,由于该系统在不同的测温部位分别采用了热电阻和热电偶,克服了一般测温系统在连接不同的测温传感器需要更换不同的测温模板、成本高、使用不方便等不足,并具有适用性强、测温精度高等优点。     

厌氧发酵处理味精废水中氯离子的影响

在3L 的CSTR 型厌氧反应器中研究了味精废水厌氧处理中氯离子毒性的反应。试验证明,已中毒的厌氧过程只要Cl~-浓度降至抑制限以下,厌氧过程就可在15～20d 内恢复,在恢复期间加入新污泥有利于恢复过程。保持足够大的SRT 和污泥浓度对于处理含有毒物的废水很有效。对本研究,SRT 得大于20d,污泥浓度在15～24g/L 左右就可达到较好的处理效率。Cl~-的抑制浓度对污泥浓度分别为24.28g/L,15.18g/L 和6.07g/L 时,Cl~-的抑制浓度分别是7750mg/L,7250mg/L和6300mg/L。此外,本文提出以I=S_(Cl)/X_v~n作为判断Cl~-抑制的指标。当COD 去除率大于80%时,n=0.1519。因此,要使过程的COD 去除率分别大于80%,85%和90%时,I 就得分别小于4.7,4.1和3.6。并且污泥浓度必须大于6.07g/L。