The T Cell Repertoires from Nickel Sensitized Joint Implant Failure Patients

Nickel (Ni²⁺) is one of the most common allergens, affecting around 10–15% of the general population. As the demand for orthopedic implant surgery rises, the number of surgical revisions due to joint implant failure also increases. There is evidence that some patients develop joint failure due to an immune response to a component of the implant, and we have found that Ni²⁺ is an especially important cause. Hence, understanding the mechanisms by which Ni²⁺ allergy induces joint implant failure becomes a critical research question. The structural basis of Ni²⁺ activation of pathogenic T cells is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to characterize Ni²⁺-reactive T cell repertoires derived from the peripheral blood of joint failure patients due to Ni²⁺ sensitization using single-cell sequencing techniques. We stimulated the proliferation of Ni²⁺ -reactive T cells from two implant failure patients in vitro, and sorted them for single-cell VDJ sequencing (10× genomics). We identified 2650 productive V-J spanning pairs. Both TCR α chains and β chains were enriched. TRBV18 usage is the highest in the P7 CD4+ population (18.1%), and TRBV5-1 usage is the highest in the P7 CD8+ population (12.1%). TRBV19 and TRBV20-1 segments are present in a high percentage of both P7 and P9 sequenced T cells. Remarkably, the alpha and beta chain combination of TRAV41-TRBV18 accounts for 13.5% of the CD4+ population of P7 patient. Compared to current Ni specific T cell repertoire studies of contact dermatitis, the Vα and Vβ usages of these joint implant failure patients were different. This could be due to the different availability of self-peptides in these two different tissues. However, TRBV19 (Vβ17) was among frequently used TCR β chains, which are common in previous reports. This implies that some pathogenic T cells could be similar in Ni²⁺ hypersensitivities in skin and joints. The alignment of the TCR CDR3β sequences showed a conserved glutamic acid (Glu) that could potentially interact with Ni²⁺. The study of these Ni²⁺ specific TCRs may shed light on the molecular mechanism of T cell activation by low molecular weight chemical haptens.     

稀土元素对钯室温电学性能的影响

研究了稀浓度(0.6at％以下)稀土元素(La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Er、Yb)对钯的室温电学性能的影响。所有稀土元素均提高钯的电阻率(p)、降低电阻温度系数(α),实验结果与理论分析证明(p·α)_((?)d-RE)d=(p·α)_(Pd)。Gd以前的稀土元素降低钯的对铜热电势(ε),其余重稀土元素增大钯的对铜热电势。按0.1at％RE归一化处理的实验数据表明,轻稀土元素对钯电阻率的影响稍大于重稀土,但Ce、Eu、Yb呈反常影响,化合价和尺寸因素是影响电学性能的主要因素。     

Effect of pulse parameters on microstructure of joint in laser beam welding for SiC_p/6063 composite

1　INTRODUCTIONSiC particlesreinforcedcomposites ,thankstotheirlowcostsandhighlevelofstructuralproperties ,areshowingtheirpotentialincivilandmilitaryappli cation .SiC particlesreinforcedaluminummatrixcomposites wideapplicationinaerospaceandautomo tiveareattributedtotheirperformanceofhighspecif icstrength ,highspecificstiffness ,highelasticmodu lusandexcellentwearresistance .Thecoefficientofthermalexpansionandthermalconductivitycanberegulatedbychangingthecontentandsizeofrein forcingparticl…     

锻造产品实现节材降耗生产的计算机技术

锻造过程中的材料消耗往往是很大的，依靠计算机技术可以实现较大幅度的节材降耗。文章阐述了节材降耗的原理，提出了节材降耗的技术手段和具体方法。运用该技术进行生产工艺改造，可节约锻造原材料和能耗10％～30％。     

金属板材成形中拉深损伤模拟的两种求解方法

讨论用数值模拟预测板材成形中发生拉深损伤破坏的两种不同的求解方法。第一种是采用完全耦合的弹塑性破坯模型的动力显式数值方法。基于状态参量的不可逆热力学过程 ,完全耦合的本构方程考虑各向同性强化和拉深。这些已引入有限元软件ABAQUS/E用于对金属成形的模拟。在数值技术方面 ,隐式积分方法被用来对本构方程的局部时间积分 ,动力显式技术用于求解总体平衡方程。第二种方案是采用简化的损伤模型的方法 ,被称为逆法 (InveseApprch)。I.A被限定在考虑各向同性强化和损伤的塑性全量理论基础上的简单的本构关系。做比例加载和临界损伤达到以后的损伤饱和假定 ,可以得到损伤演化方程的封闭解。这两种损伤模型在编程中的实施采用两种方式 :计算中考虑或不考虑损伤作用 ,也就是耦合的或非耦合的计算。文中给出一些算例来说明每种损伤模型的优点     

以CoMn2O4为催化剂氧化二甲苯的研究

探索催化剂的制备条件,包括搅拌温度、干燥温度、煅烧温度及煅烧时间对二甲苯氧化效果的影响,结果表明煅烧温度对氧化效果的影响最为明显。在其它制备条件（搅拌温度为60 ℃、干燥温度为60 ℃和煅烧时间为3 h）不变的前提下,通过改变煅烧温度（温度分别350、450和550 ℃）,比较3种二甲苯氧化难易以及不同煅烧温度下氧化同一构型二甲苯的差异。整体而言,煅烧温度为350 ℃的催化剂性能最佳。邻、间和对3种二甲苯完全氧化的温度相差约15 ℃,其中,邻二甲苯最难氧化,完全氧化需260 ℃,间二甲苯次之,对二甲苯最易氧化。与此同时,利用XRD、XPS、N₂吸附-脱附和H₂-TPR等表征手段来分析煅烧温度造成3种不同构型二甲苯氧化程度差异性的原因。     

Room-Temperature Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries Using Metal Organic Framework Composited Comb-Like Methoxy Poly(ethylene glycol) Acrylate Solid Polymer Electrolytes

Solid polymer electrolyte with good thermal stability and flexibility is an excellent candidate for solid-state lithium metal batteries, while its low ionic conductivity caused by high crystallinity limits its application at ambient temperature. Here a metal organic framework (zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, ZIF-8) composited comb-like methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate polymer electrolyte (MCPE) with high ionic conductivity (9.96 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at 30 °C) is prepared by an in situ UV polymerization method. The as-prepared MCPE exhibits improved mechanical property due to the introduction of porous ZIF-8 nanofillers, which is beneficial to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites. Consequently, the LiFePO₄||MCPE||Li cells show a high capacity of 116 mAh g⁻¹ at 30 °C and 0.5 C, and maintain 89.4% of initial capacity after 150 cycles with the average Coulombic efficiency of 99.9%. These results demonstrate that the MCPE shows great potential in solid-state lithium metal batteries near room temperature.     

Improvement of flexural bond strength of zirconia-resin cement by surface patterning using sub-nanosecond UV laser

Zirconia is a dental material that shows excellent biocompatibility and high strength in clinical applications. This study aims to evaluate the effects of ultrafast laser applications. The surface nanostructures were classified into three groups. Group 1 was generated using the burst mode, with three different distances between dots: 52 µm (Group 1a), 104 µm (Group 1b), and 156 µm (Group 1c). Group 2 was processed using the scanning mode configuration, with a set of parallel lines. Group 3 was also processed using this scanning configuration creating a set of square-shaped patterning. Group 4 was the control group. After the surface treatments, a pair of zirconia specimens was bonded end to end with resin cement. Flexural bond strength (FBS) test was applied in a universal test machine. Multiple comparisons were performed using a one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey's HSD test. All the samples that were treated with the laser showed higher FBS values than the untreated surface. Using the burst mode, preformed circular-shaped surface on an angle of 90⁰ at 52 µm distance (Group 1a) showed the highest FBS values among all groups (p < .05). Groups 2 and 3 had significantly higher values than 1b and 1c.     

陶瓷/金属钎焊与扩散连接的研究现状

工程陶瓷由于具有优异的综合性能,在许多领域得到广泛应用,但其加工性能差,通常需要与金属组成复合结构.实现陶瓷与金属之间的可靠连接是推进陶瓷材料应用的关键,钎焊和扩散连接被认为是陶瓷/金属连接中较为适合的方法.文中对近年来国内外陶瓷/金属钎焊和扩散连接技术领域的研究现状进行了综述,认为活性金属钎焊和部分瞬间液相连接发展比较成熟,部分瞬间液相连接充分结合了活性钎焊和固相扩散连接两者的优点,将成为未来陶瓷/金属连接的发展方向.     

Development of ultra-narrow gap welding with constrained arc by flux band

0 IntroductionThe merits of narrow gap welding (NGW) such ashigh productivity and quantity, minimal distortion, highcost-effectiveness, and all position capability are wellknown. The narrower the gap, the more significant the a-bove merits. Moreover, while an ultra-narrowgap welding(UNGW) process with less than 5 mm gap width is used,its some advantages are very useful for preventing thestress corrosion crack in austenitic steel piping, and forwelding some update steels. For example, in aus…