用热分析法研究硝化棉的熔化过程

用ＭＤＳＣ，显微镜温台熔点测定仪和固体原位反应池／快速扫描傅立叶变换红外光谱联用装置考察了硝化棉的熔化过程。ＭＤＳＣ曲线表明吸热过程是可逆的，它系由ＮＣ和部分分解凝聚相产物的混合物的固液相变所引起。由ＮＣ的ＭＤＳＣ曲线得到的熔点，熔化含，熔化熵，分解含和分解反应热温熵分别为４７６．８４Ｋ，２０５．６Ｊ．ｇ＾－１，０．４３１２Ｊ．ｇ＾－１．Ｋ＾－１，－２４７５．０Ｊ．ｇ＾－１，－５．２４２Ｊ．ｇ＾－     

贝氏体铁素体片条的超微亚结构研究

首次采用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)在大气环境下直接观察了Fe-1.0C-2.0Si-4.0Cr钢中下贝氏体铁素体片条的组织结构,在下贝氏体亚单元内部首次观察到以前从未发现的,尺寸更小、形状规则、排列整齐的结构单元——超亚单元,并初步提出下贝氏体铁素体由以下四个结构层次组成:即下贝氏体铁素体片条由亚片条组成,亚片条由亚单元组成,亚单元由超亚单元组成。     

光纤中二次谐波的产生及机理的电镜分析

本文报导了石英光纤中的二次谐波产生及用透射电子显微镜观察光纤内部物质结构变化的实验结果,观察到了已“预置”光纤中缺陷的存在.     

Self-calibration based on invariant view recognition: Dynamic approach to navigation

We extend a dynamic approach of behavior generation to the representation of spatial information. Two levels of dynamics integrate dead-reckoning, dominant far from home bases, and piloting, dominant near home bases. When the view-based piloting system recognizes a home base, visual place information recalibrates the dead-reckoning system, inverting the hierarchical ordering of the two dynamic levels by time scale inversion. Reference views taken at discrete home bases are recognized invariantly under rotation of views. This process yields compass information. Continuous translational information is obtained as a neural place representation built from view correlations with a scattered set of local views. This self-calibrating cognitive map couples into a dynamics of heading direction integrating the behaviors of obstacle avoidance and target acquisition. Targets can be designated in terms of the cognitive map. We demonstrate the dynamical model in simulation.     

在精炼处理和连铸阶段采集的低碳铝和硅镇静钢试样中非金属夹杂物的性质分析

非金属夹杂物的数量、分布、尺寸和化学成分对钢的性能有直接影响。通过控制这些夹杂物的尺寸和化学成分可以生产出优质产品。区分夹杂物的性质和控制夹杂物的形成对钢的清洁度十分重要。通过检验非金属夹杂物的化学成分可以预测夹杂物在钢中的性能。为了研究夹杂物的化学成分、尺寸和分布，某钢厂在二次精炼和连铸阶段采集了低碳铝和硅镇静钢的试样。试样用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）采用EDS系统进行分析。通过分析结果可以判定夹杂物的性质，分析精炼过程对减少夹杂数量和减小比表面积的效果。还可以确定处理后残留的夹杂对钢的性能和连铸过程（浸入式水口的堵塞）的影响大小。     

Impacts of spectral band difference effects on radiometric cross-calibration between satellite sensors in the solar-reflective spectral domain

In order for quantitative applications to make full use of the ever-increasing number of Earth observation satellite systems, data from the various imaging sensors involved must be on a consistent radiometric scale. This paper reports on an investigation of radiometric calibration errors due to differences in spectral response functions between satellite sensors when attempting cross-calibration based on near-simultaneous imaging of common ground targets in analogous spectral bands, a commonly used post-launch calibration methodology. Twenty Earth observation imaging sensors (including coarser and higher spatial resolution sensors) were considered, using the Landsat solar reflective spectral domain as a framework. Scene content was simulated using spectra for four ground target types (Railroad Valley Playa, snow, sand and rangeland), together with various combinations of atmospheric states and illumination geometries. Results were obtained as a function of ground target type, satellite sensor comparison, spectral region, and scene content. Overall, if spectral band difference effects (SBDEs) are not taken into account, the Railroad Valley Playa site is a “good” ground target for cross calibration between most but not all satellite sensors in most but not all spectral regions investigated. “Good” is defined as SBDEs within ± 3%. The other three ground target types considered (snow, sand and rangeland) proved to be more sensitive to uncorrected SBDEs than the RVPN site overall. The spectral characteristics of the scene content (solar irradiance, surface reflectance and atmosphere) are examined in detail to clarify why spectral difference effects arise and why they can be significant when comparing different imaging sensor systems. Atmospheric gas absorption features are identified as being the main source of spectral variability in most spectral regions. The paper concludes with recommendations on spectral data and tools that would facilitate cross-calibration between multiple satellite sensors.     

The applicability of the ITS-90 method to platinum resistance thermometers of different purity

The static characteristics of platinum resistance thermometers with different platinum purities were measured. It is shown that in the 0–420°C range the ITS-90 method gives an error of less than 0.01°C, while in the 0–230°C range the error is less than 0.006°C. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 12, pp. 33–36, December, 2006.     

回转窑大齿圈的安装与找正

根据回转窑大齿圈结构特点，阐述了回转窑大修中两个半齿圈组装、校正及与简体的安装、找正方法以及重要工艺过程中的注意事项，在山西铝厂2^#熟料窑大修中取得了良好效果。     

DB590钢焊接冷裂纹敏感性的研究

超低碳贝氏体钢是具有高强度高韧性的新型钢种，它的合金元素含量少，含碳量又低，具有较好的焊接性能。采用插销试验研究了ＤＢ５９０钢焊接冷裂纹敏感性，同时用扫描电镜分析该钢插销试样的冷裂纹断口形貌。试验表明该钢具有优良的抗冷裂性能。     

测量高功率激光的体吸收能量计

叙述了体吸收激光能量计的特点，介绍了其标定方法，给出了其技术参数。体吸收激光地的推广应用取得了广泛的社会效益。