Effects of irradiation in combination with waxing on the essential oils in orange peel

The study evaluated the effects of waxing, irradiation dose and post‐irradiation storage time on the essential oils in orange peel. Mature oranges (Maroc late) waxed or unwaxed were treated with 1 or 2 kGy radiation and stored for 9 weeks at 20 °C and 40–50% RH. Essential oils from the peel were extracted and analysed by GC. Results showed that D ‐limonene was significantly lower in waxed oranges; levels in samples treated with 2 kGy were higher than those in non‐irradiated or treated with 1 kGy. Linalool, methyl anthranilate and 3,7‐dimethyl‐2,6‐octadienal decreased as the dose increased. Levels of linalool increased with storage time but D ‐limonene was unaffected. These results may aid in guaranteeing the quality of orange essential oils during storage time. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

微波站微电子设备的防雷措施

通过分析雷电对微电子设备的影响及雷害侵入微波站的方式，提出采用有效的防立击雷系统与由“分流-均压-屏蔽-接地-接口保护”相结合的系统防护方案，来保护微波站的电子设备。     

Microwave heating of poly(ethylene terephthalate) bottle preforms used in the thermoforming process

Thermoforming (free blowing) of poly(ethylene terephthalate) preforms was successfully and quickly performed in a rotating system designed for dielectric hysteresis heating. Temperature profile modeling was carried out with the amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) permittivity at different temperatures. The Maxwell and heat equations were used to determine the best profile and power tuning. The determination of the theoretical boundary conditions was accomplished by the adjustment of the numerical transient external surface wall temperature with experimental infrared pyrometry results. In comparison with infrared, microwaves allowed high power density absorption inside the perform wall without a dramatic temperature gradient. Consequently, the heat blowing stage could be accelerated, and the process took at least 5 times less energy than infrared heating. Industrial applications involve the integration of the molding step and the design of the overall process. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

微波辐射在提金活性炭技术中的应用

概述了微波辐射在提金活性发技术中的应用，将微波辐射和传统方法制备提金炭技术进行了比较，论述了微波辐射在制备提金炭及其解吸技术中的研究进展，最后对微波辐射在提金活性炭技术中的应用作了简单的展望。     

PbO－Bi_2O_3－B_2O_3－SiO_2系重金属氧化物玻璃的结构与光学性

通过密度、可见光光谱、红外吸收光谱、Ｃｏ－６０辐照损伤试验及荧光光谱的测试，研究了ＰｂＯ－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３－Ｂ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２玻璃系的光学性能与结构．密度最高可达８．４６４ｇ／ｃｍ３其紫外吸收达截止波长随Ｐｂ２＋及Ｂｉ３＋含量升高而红移．玻璃熔化温度低达８５０℃．在ＰｂＯ－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３－Ｂ２Ｏ３系玻璃中加人ＳｉＯ２可使玻璃结构更致密．室温下该系统玻璃在３６０ｎｍ有一个宽的激发峰，能产生４１８ｕｍ及４３８ｕｍ两个弱的发射峰．该系统玻璃的结构是由［ＳｉＯ４］４－、［ＢＯ３］３－、［ＢＯ４］５－、［ＰｂＯ４］６－及［ＢｉＯ６］９－构成．其中部分Ｐｂ２＋及Ｂｉ３＋以网络外体进入玻璃．     

Rapid synthesis of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3+λ catalysts by microwave irradiation process

Microwave irradiation processing (MIP) was considered as a potential method to synthesize perovskite-type oxides rapidly, cleanly and energy-efficiently. In this paper, La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO_3+λ, a kind of promising catalyst for automobile exhaust purification, was successfully prepared by MIP in not more than 5 min. The sol–gel method was also used for comparison. All the samples were evaluated by catalytic activity tests in the simulated exhaust and characterized by XRD, BET, TEM and XRF analyses. The results showed that the integrated perovskite-type phase and uniform particle size were obtained in the microwave-treated samples. And those ones exhibited a better oxidation activity under slightly oxygen-rich condition than that by sol–gel method, which may be related to more A-site cation vacancies and larger bulk oxygen content generated in MIP. Possible formation mechanism of perovskites in MIP was also discussed.     

Radiation tolerance of type IIa synthetic diamond detector for 14 MeV neutrons

Radiation tolerance of a type IIa synthetic diamond detector was examined from irradiation of mono-energetic 14 MeV neutrons. Measurements of I–V (current–voltage) characteristics and energy spectrum for 5.486 MeV alpha particles were performed after neutron irradiation. In the I–V characteristics measurement, enhancement of rectification was observed after neutron irradiation of up to 2.0 × 10¹² n/cm². Concurrently with the enhancement of rectification, significant decrease in signal amplitude was observed in energy spectrum measurement for alpha particles. It is considered that these changes were due to increase in the concentration of defects acting as shallow energy levels in the forbidden band. For neutron irradiation of higher than 1.6 × 10¹³ n/cm², weakening of the rectification characteristics and recovery of the signal amplitude were observed. These changes imply that deep energy levels, which were also considered to be introduced by defects, were dominant and weakened the effects of the shallow energy levels. Increase in the concentration of the deep trapping levels resulted in gradual decrease of the signal amplitude and degradation in the energy resolution. The peak for the alpha particles was obtained up to 5.5 × 10¹³ n/cm².     

激光辐照40Cr钢组织结构的穆斯堡尔谱分析

４０Ｃｒ钢试样经不同热处理后在空气中用ＣＯ２连续激光束进行辐照，以穆斯堡尔谱学研究试样在辐照后的组织结构变化。试验结果表明，调质预处理后再进行激光辐照的试样，不仅残作产奥氏体含量较低，而且其中碳的含量最低。     

高能粒子辐照对零膨胀微晶玻璃光学性质和面形光学稳定性的影响

研究了高能电子，高能质子对ＶＯ２微晶玻璃辐照前后光性质和面形光学稳定性的影响，研究结果表明，高能电子辐照能引起微晶玻璃面形明显变化，且使ＶＯ２微晶玻璃强烈着色。高能质子辐照没引起面形明显变化，高能质子辐照对反射光谱特性没有影响。     

ZST微波陶瓷在介质振荡器上的应用研究

用传统固相法制备ZST(氧化锆-氧化锡-氧化钛)系微波陶瓷,研究了ZST系微波陶瓷的组成对介电性能的影响。通过X-射线衍射(XRD)和HP8714ET网络分析仪对其晶体结构和微波介电性能进行研究,实验结果表明:少量掺Bi2O3的ZST系陶瓷材料可把烧结温度降低至1 260℃,微波介电性能较好;掺入量大于2%(质量分数)时,ZST系微波陶瓷在晶界偏析形成了Bi2Ti2O7新相,微波性能下降。用微波介电性能较好的ZST系陶瓷制成的介质振荡器进行测试,其电性能满足设计要求。