超热中子束慢化材料的特性分析

用一维离散坐标程序ＡＮＩＳＮ计算了多元素的三群群截面,筛选出可用于组成超热中子束慢化材料的１１种元素;分析了上述１１种元素所构成的单质、化合物和混合物的慢化特性,从中优选出可实现超热中子束的三种慢化材料。     

注硼中子寿命测井技术在砂岩油田开发中的应用

华北油田具有油藏类型多、油水关系复杂、储层非均质性严重等特点。在对比诸多剩余油分布监测技术及其应用效果的基础上 ,针对油藏特点和生产实际 ,引进了注硼中子寿命测井技术。通过华北油田采油三厂 6个中高含水砂岩油田实际测试应用 ,所获得的清晰、完整的油井剖面资料可直观地反映测试井点剖面油水分布 ,结合动静态资料可分析油田剩余油分布 ,为油田调整挖潜和进一步提高开发效果提供了可靠依据。文中以 3个不同油田的实际应用说明了这一技术的综合应用效果     

随钻中子测井曲线环境影响自动校正方法研究

随钻中子测井在随钻测井中占有重要地位。本文针对目前国内外随钻测井资料的精细解释与应用所存在的质量问题,根据实测的随钻中子测井曲线变化情况,重点研究了随钻中子测井环境影响因素及其校正方法。通过对随钻中子测井环境影响校正图版的离散采样读值和最优拟合,并考虑其适用条件,以标准化公式(模型)来代替多张校正图版曲线,实现随钻中子测井资料的环境影响自动校正。实测资料的处理表明,该法结果可靠,能够明显地提高随钻地层评价和地质导向的效果。     

中子寿命测井工艺及应用效果

讨论了中子寿命测井解释原理,介绍了目前国内出现的时间推移、测注-测、测-堵-测等利用中子寿命测井监测剩余油的测井工艺及解释方法.在不同矿化度地层中的应用实例及应用效果表明,这些工艺方法可用于非均质水淹层、开发调整井水淹层及油田界面解释,进行低阻油层和特殊岩性识别.     

小角散射技术在高聚物粘结炸药中的应用研究进展

小角散射(SAS)技术是表征高聚物粘结炸药(PBX)多尺度复杂微结构的重要技术手段。对SAS技术在PBX研究中的实验方法、数据分析模型和多种应用进行了综述。论述了适用于PBX的原位变温、拉伸和压缩加载实验方法,归纳了Guinier、界面、多分散粒子、硬球相互作用和分形等常用模型,概述了它们在PBX研究中的适用条件和范围,总结了近二十年来,国内外应用中子和X射线SAS技术在PBX力热损伤、粘结剂微结构、感度以及爆轰碳产物分析等方面的研究进展。最后,总结了SAS技术在PBX研究中的独特优势,建议加强超小角散射实验技术、PBX原位力?热耦合加载设备和数据分析软件的开发,以及PBX内部多相界面和多尺度孔洞的定量研究。     

Thermally insulating GdBO3 ceramics with neutron shielding performance

There is an urgent demand for multifunctional insulation materials with neutron shielding ability that can be particularly used in the nuclear energy system. GdBO₃ ceramics are one of the candidates for such materials. In this study, GdBO₃ ceramics were successfully synthesized using a simple solid-phase method. The effect of boric acid content on the micro and macro properties of GdBO₃ ceramics was explored. The experimental results indicate that the thermal conductivity of the resulting GdBO₃ ceramics ranged from .12 to .68 W/(m⋅K), and lower thermal conductivity was achieved with smaller pore size and higher apparent porosity of the sintered product. Moreover, the mechanical properties of the samples in multiple temperature ranges can be improved by increasing boric acid content. Finally, neutron shielding permeability study, performed on the samples in different thicknesses, reveal that GdBO₃ ceramics possessed excellent neutron shielding performance (NSP). The obtained results manifest that GdBO₃ ceramics with outstanding heat insulation and NSP have a potential application in a nuclear reactor.     

Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics with Neutrons: The View from Simulation

The characterization of the structure and internal dynamics of biomolecules is essential to understanding their biological function. Neutron scattering probes similar time- and length-scales to molecular dynamics simulation. Hence, simulation models of biomolecules have become invaluable in the interpretation of experimental neutron data. Here, we report on advances in the application of simulation in developing neutron scattering to investigate internal protein motions and, as an example of industrial relevance, in the derivation of physical models of use in biofuel renewable energy research.     

Dendrimer as nanocarrier for drug delivery

Dendrimers are novel three dimensional, hyperbranched globular nanopolymeric architectures. Attractive features like nanoscopic size, narrow polydispersity index, excellent control over molecular structure, availability of multiple functional groups at the periphery and cavities in the interior distinguish them amongst the available polymers. Applications of dendrimers in a large variety of fields have been explored. Drug delivery scientists are especially enthusiastic about possible utility of dendrimers as drug delivery tool. Terminal functionalities provide a platform for conjugation of the drug and targeting moieties. In addition, these peripheral functional groups can be employed to tailor-make the properties of dendrimers, enhancing their versatility. The present review highlights the contribution of dendrimers in the field of nanotechnology with intent to aid the researchers in exploring dendrimers in the field of drug delivery.     

脉冲中子组合测井在胜利油田中的应用

碳氧比能谱、脉冲中子衰减-能谱、注硼中子寿命以及氧活化测井均属于脉冲中子测井方法.简单介绍了这些测井技术各自的测量原理及应用.针对胜利油田地质情况的复杂性、多解性,阐述了应用组合测井方法可以更好地解决油藏的剩余油分布等问题.使用脉冲中子衰减-能谱测井仪(PND)进行PND和硼中子寿命测井的组合测井方法,利用PND获得的俘获截面曲线作为注硼中子寿命测井的基线.该方法既可缩短施工时间,又可解决单一测井方法无法解决的某些特殊测井问题.介绍了应用这种组合测井在正确识别低压储层、确定储层窜通情况、获得剩余油饱和度、确定储层水淹程度等方面的测井实例.