恶性骨肿瘤血清的吸收光谱研究

运用分光光度计对正常与恶性骨肿瘤患者的血清进行光谱检测,把这些光谱数据进行 统计与分析,发现两者的差异,为医生快速确诊恶性骨肿瘤又提供了一种新的途径。     

邻苯二甲酰亚氨基酞菁锌(ZnPcS2P2)的光谱特性

测定和研究光敏剂的光谱特性,可为确定最佳治疗的光源波长提供直接依据,同时也是荧光诊断中选定检测荧光波长的理论依据．本文研究新型光敏剂邻苯二甲酰亚氨基酞菁锌（ZnPcS2P2）的光谱特性,测出ZnPcS2P2在含10%人血清生理盐水的吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱,并与血卟啉衍生物（HpD）进行比较。实验结果表明：在吸收光谱中ZnPcS2P2的最大吸收峰位于670nm,而HpD的最大的吸收峰在405nm处,所以在光动力学治疗中ZnPcS2P2比HpD效果更好。当用波长为632nm的光源激发时,从荧光发射光谱可知,HpD比ZnPcS2P2获得的荧光激发效率高。因此,HpD在光动力学诊断中有更突出的优点。     

基于PPLN晶体的单频绿光激光器的研究

随着激光技术的不断发展,单频激光器以其良好的单色性、高效率、窄带宽等优点广泛运用于激光测距、激光医疗、激光光谱学等领域。实现激光器单频输出的方法有很多种,采用的是短程吸收法;将PPLN晶体与Nd:YVO₄晶体之间间距缩短至1 mm,并做成绿光模组的形式,实现单纵模输出。当温度为28.5℃,LD泵浦抽运功率为0.8 W时,获得60 mW的单频绿光输出,光光转换率达7.1%,其线宽为120 MHz,实现了单频绿光激光器的又一突破。     

采用温控和碘吸收池技术的发射激光稳频技术

多普勒测风激光雷达通过分析系统回波信号的多普勒频移反演出风速,为提高风场探测精度,从稳频技术方面展开研究。在稳频过程中,分别采取措施消除激光频率的长期漂移和短期抖动。针对激光频率的长期漂移,设计并研制了种子激光器温控箱,通过水浴的控温方式大大减小了激光频率的长期漂移,将激光频率稳定在±50 MHz以内;针对激光频率的短期抖动,采用以碘分子吸收池为核心器件的稳频系统,通过半导体控温方式对碘分子吸收池精确控温,控温精度达0.03 ℃,提高了稳频精度,将激光频率进一步稳定在±8 MHz以内,满足±10 MHz以内的设计精度要求。通过搭建多普勒测风激光雷达系统,对发射激光稳频装置进行系统验证,连续4组风场观测结果表明:系统探测高度为17 km,绝大部分方差在4 m/s以下,满足测风激光雷达测量指标的要求。     

Reentrant Spin Glass and Large Coercive Field Observed in a Spin Integer Dimerized Honeycomb Lattice

2D magnetic materials with dimerized honeycomb lattices can be treated as mixed-spin square lattices, in which a quantum phase transition may occur to realize the Bose–Einstein condensation of magnons under reachable experimental conditions. However, this has never been successfully realized with integer spin centers. Herein, a spin integer (S = 2) dimerized honeycomb lattice in an iron(II)-azido compound [Fe(4-etpy)₂(N₃)₂]_n (FEN, 4-etpy = 4-ethylpyridine) is realized. Morphology characterization by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy spectroscopies show that the thinnest place of the sample is ≈13 nm, which is equal to ten layers of the compound. In contrast to the common magnetic properties of long-range magnetic ordering, Mössbauer and polarized neutron scattering studies reveal that FEN exhibits a reentrant spin glass behavior owing to competing ferro- and antiferromagnetic exchange-coupling interactions within the lattice. Two spin glass phases with disparate canting angles are characterized at 39 and 28 K, respectively. By using Curély's model, two exchange-coupling constants (J₁ = +35.8 cm⁻¹ and J₂ = −3.7 cm⁻¹) can be simulated. Moreover, a very large coercive field of ≈1.9 Tesla is observed at 2 K, making FEN a “very hard” van der Waals 2D magnetic material.     

Conjugated Porous Polymers Based on BODIPY and BOPHY Dyes in Hybrid Heterojunctions for Artificial Photosynthesis

Developing highly efficient photocatalysts for artificial photosynthesis is one of the grand challenges in solar energy conversion. Among advanced photoactive materials, conjugated porous polymers (CPPs) possess a powerful combination of high surface areas, intrinsic porosity, cross-linked nature, and fully π-conjugated electronic systems. Here, based on these fascinating properties, organic–inorganic hybrid heterostructures composed of CPPs and TiO₂ for the photocatalytic CO₂ reduction and H₂ evolution from water are developed. The study is focused on CPPs based on the boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) and boron pyrrol hydrazine (BOPHY) families of compounds. It is shown that hybrid photocatalysts are active for the conversion of CO₂ mainly into CH₄ and CO, with CH₄ production 4 times over the benchmark TiO₂. Hydrogen evolution from water surpassed by 37.9-times that of TiO₂, reaching 200 mmol g_cat⁻¹ and photonic efficiency of 20.4% in the presence of Pt co-catalyst (1 wt% Pt). Advanced photophysical studies, based on time-resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy, reveal the creation of a type II heterojunction in the hybrids. The unique interfacial interaction between CPPs and TiO₂ results in longer carriers’ lifetimes and a higher driving force for electron transfer, opening the door to a new generation of photocatalysts for artificial photosynthesis.     

三角形蜂窝异面动态压缩仿真研究

目的研究三角形蜂窝材料结构参数和压缩速度对其异面压缩性能的影响。方法借助Ansys/LS-DYNA建立基于特征单元的三角形蜂窝异面动态压缩有限元分析模型,而后对三角形蜂窝在不同单元结构参数和压缩速度下进行异面压缩参数化仿真计算。结果对于三角形蜂窝,当所有结构参数保持不变时,异面动态峰应力与压缩速度呈二次曲线关系。在给定压缩速度下,扩展角固定的三角形蜂窝的异面动态峰应力与壁厚度边长比呈幂函数关系;壁厚边长比固定的三角形蜂窝的异面动态峰应力与拓展角呈二次曲线关系。结论当相对密度一致时,正三角形蜂窝比正六边形蜂窝异面比吸能值更大;异面动态峰应力与压缩速度、单元结构参数之间的相互关系,可用一定关系曲线进行拟合。     

Reverse Saturable Absorption Induced by Phonon‐Assisted Anti‐Stokes Processes

In materials showing reverse saturable absorption (RSA), optical transmittance decreases at intense laser irradiation. One approach to application of these materials is to protect the sensors or human eyes from laser damage. To date, research has mainly concentrated on thin films and suspensions of graphite and its nanostructure (including nanotubes, graphene, and graphene oxides), which are mainly used as an optical limiter for nanosecond laser pulses. Moreover, thin individual pieces of semiconductor usually exhibit increased transmittance due to saturable absorption when the laser energy (E_laser) is higher than the band gap (E_B). Here, it is shown that indirect gap semiconductor WSe₂ exhibits high RSA on exposure to a femtosecond laser under E_laser > E_B near band gap excitation, which is attributed to the longitudinal optical phonon‐assisted anti‐Stokes transition by the annihilation of phonons and the absorption of photons. An optical limiting threshold (≈21.6 mJ cm^?2) lower than those reported for other optical‐limiting materials currently for femtosecond laser at 800 nm is observed.     

Active Sites Engineering toward Superior Carbon‐Based Oxygen Reduction Catalysts via Confinement Pyrolysis

Developing efficient and low‐cost defective carbon‐based catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential to metal–air batteries and fuel cells. Active sites engineering toward these catalysts is highly desirable but challenging to realize boosted catalytic performance. Herein, a sandwich‐like confinement route to achieve the controllable regulation of active sites for carbon‐based catalysts is reported. In particular, three distinct catalysts including metal‐free N‐doped carbon (NC), single Co atoms dispersed NC (Co–N–C), and Co nanoparticles‐contained Co–N–C (Co/Co–N–C) are controllably realized and clearly identified by synchrotron radiation‐based X‐ray spectroscopy. Electrochemical measurements suggest that the Co/Co–N–C catalyst delivers optimized ORR performance due to the rich Co–N_x active sites and their synergistic effect with metallic Co nanoparticles. This work provides deep insight for rationally designing efficient ORR catalyst based on active sites engineering.