盘锦输油管道降粘增输模拟试验

以室内流变性试验和模拟现场加剂试验为基础,对稠油范畴的盘锦线原油进行了降粘增输方案技术的研究。对收集到的几十余种流动改进剂进行了室内流变性试验,测试其降粘效果,筛选出最优流动改进剂为EP型国产系列减阻剂。经加剂处理后,盘锦线原油在低温下的粘度有较大幅度的降低,降粘率最大可达72％。对管道注入减阻剂前后装置特性曲线图进行了分析,定性地说明了在盘锦管道注入EP系列减阻剂可以提高管道的输油能力。通过建立管输模型,模拟了在盘锦线末端管线（松山热泵站）添加EP型减阻剂的现场减阻试验。模拟试验结果表明：在紊流流态下,减阻剂加剂浓度在30～60mg／L时,可以使管线增输率达到14．3％。19．8％。     

铸造用“TD”系列粘结剂的研究

本研究以浮油沥青、木素塔尔油混合液和辅助材料“ZL”为主要原材料，以工厂残渣“DZ”为酯化剂暨改性剂，合成铸造用油类粘结剂TDI。其性能与合脂油相仿，某些性能优于合服粘结剂．由于这些原料都是工业下明料，来源丰富，合成工艺简单，成本低廉．     

Aqueous and nonaqueous microemulsion systems with a palm oil-base emollient

Microemulsions with a palm oil-based emollient, i.e., medium-chain triglyceride (MCT), and water or glycerol, stabilized by two oppositely charged ionic surfactants and a medium-chain alcohol, were investigated. The results showed that only the water-in-MCT or the glycerol-in-MCT microemulsions were prominent. The maximum solubilization of the MCT emollient was higher in cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, i.e., the positively charged surfactant that contained a nitrogen atom, than the negatively charged surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. However, the results did not lend themselves for selecting any decisive factor that would explain the different solubilization behavior encountered in the investigated aqueous and nonaqueous systems.     

国内外强化采油用表面活性剂研究进展

中国石油对外依存度持续上升,而采收率持续下降。中国剩余石油储量中大部分为高温高盐、低渗透、稠油油藏等难以开采的苛刻油藏。化学驱强化采油技术目前所使用的石油磺酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐等常规表面活性剂由于活性低、耐盐性差而导致低效甚至无效。综述了新型表面活性剂,如阴-非离子表面活性剂、双子及寡聚表面活性剂、甜菜碱型两性表面活性剂、高分子表面活性剂、烷基糖苷表面活性剂、黏弹性表面活性剂、生物表面活性剂、阴阳离子混合表面活性剂等的研究进展。讨论了国内外强化采油用表面活性剂评价方法的差异。最后,对采油用表面活性剂的发展方向进行了展望。     

Palm Oil-Rich Diet Affects Murine Liver Proteome and S-Palmitoylome

Palmitic acid (C16:0) is the most abundant saturated fatty acid in animals serving as a substrate in synthesis and β-oxidation of other lipids, and in the modification of proteins called palmitoylation. The influence of dietary palmitic acid on protein S-palmitoylation remains largely unknown. In this study we performed high-throughput proteomic analyses of a membrane-enriched fraction of murine liver to examine the influence of a palm oil-rich diet (HPD) on S-palmitoylation of proteins. HPD feeding for 4 weeks led to an accumulation of C16:0 and C18:1 fatty acids in livers which disappeared after 12-week feeding, in contrast to an accumulation of C16:0 in peritoneal macrophages. Parallel proteomic studies revealed that HPD feeding induced a sequence of changes of the level and/or S-palmitoylation of diverse liver proteins involved in fatty acid, cholesterol and amino acid metabolism, hemostasis, and neutrophil degranulation. The HPD diet did not lead to liver damage, however, it caused progressing obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. We conclude that the relatively mild negative impact of such diet on liver functioning can be attributed to a lower bioavailability of palm oil-derived C16:0 vs. that of C18:1 and the efficiency of mechanisms preventing liver injury, possibly including dynamic protein S-palmitoylation.     

2007～2008年世界黄金资源及市场状况分析

分析了近两年世界黄金资源及市场状况,讨论了影响黄金价格的因素,并对黄金价格的未来走势进行了预测。2007年全球黄金产量继续下降。从2008年开始全球的黄金需求放缓,但一些新兴经济体（如中国）的产量和需求量出现一定程度的增长。2007年国际黄金价格再创历史新高,并在2008年上半年继续上涨。随着全球金融危机的愈演愈烈,短时期国际黄金价格还将面临下跌的压力。     

大型纸机油站油温高的解决措施

北方大型纸机的油站热交换器因结垢、灰尘和菌泥沉积等原因造成热交换效率低,当油站油温高时可能引起纸机意外停机,成为影响纸机效率的主要因素之一。通过对油站冷却水系统的工艺优化（加过滤器和过滤网、使用抑垢剂、使用去离子水、使用杀菌防腐剂和定期清洗等措施）,基本解决了上述问题。     

气相色谱飞行时间质谱法分析不同产地洋甘菊油的挥发性成分

采用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱（GC-TOF/MS）联用技术测定了不同产地洋甘菊油的挥发性成分,并通过质谱库检索,结合保留指数比对,从法国、德国和英国三个产地的洋甘菊油中分别鉴定出65、70和53种挥发性成分,分别占总峰面积的85.06%、96.70%和89.85%。三个产地洋甘菊油的挥发性成分在数量及含量上有一定的差异,并对其特征致香物质的香气进行了分析。建立了洋甘菊中的多种挥发性成分的分析方法。该研究为洋甘菊油制定科学的质量标准以及合理开发利用提供初步实验依据。      

芝麻油质量现状及定量检测方法

针对芝麻油含量的定量检测问题,该文介绍了芝麻油的分类、质量现状和感官鉴别方法。重点介绍了用浓硫酸显色法测定芝麻油含量的方法,即在待测样品中加入三氟甲烷和浓硫酸后,与标准色列比色,确定芝麻油的含量,该法具有简便、快速、实用和结果准确等特点。     

A kinetic study on the autoxidation of sunflowerseed oil

Unhydrogenated and hydrogenated sunflowerseed oils were exposed to the autoxidation process by sunlight under atmospheric conditions. Experiments were carried out in equal-sized glass, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) polymer, and metal (covered by tin) containers. The reaction time was 30 d, and the reaction course was observed by determining weight changes and peroxide values (PV) of the oil samples at the same time within 2-d intervals. The logarithm of the PV was plotted against time, and straight lines were obtained from the 4th or 6th d. The autoxidation reaction constants were obtained for each oil in each container. When comparing the reaction constants, the unhydrogenated oils autoxidize easily, and the autoxidation reaction occurs faster in sunlight in glass than in the PET polymer container and much faster than in the darkness of the metal container.