High resolution X-ray phase contrast synchrotron imaging of normal and ligation damaged rat sciatic nerves

This study was performed to apply synchrotron radiation (SR) imaging to a neuropathologic evaluation technique after treatment of peripheral nerve blocks. A phase contrast synchrotron images of normal and ligation damaged rat sciatic nerve were obtained with an 8 KeV monochromatic beam and 20-mum thick CsI(TI) scintillation crystal. The visual image was magnified using a 20x microscope objective and captured using an analog CCD camera. Obtained images were compared with conventional light microscopic findings from the same nerve samples. By using an edge enhancement effect of phase const with SR, we could easily discriminate each nerve fiber and identify the arrangement of nerve fibers within a whole thickness (about 1 mm in diameter) of peripheral nerve without sectioning and fixation. The composite SR image of a ligation damaged rat sciatic nerve sample showed that the response to nerve injury was different on each side of the site of injury. The SR image of damaged distal lesion showed destruction of neural microarchitecture and typical extensive Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers as clearly as histologic image. We could get very detailed morphologic data for Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers by using the SR imaging technique. We believe that the phase contrast synchrotron imaging has great potential as an imaging tool in the bioscience and medical science.     

一类非最小相位系统的智能控制

针对具有右半复平面零点的非最小相位系统,设计了一种模糊PID控制器,并且用伪并行遗传算法对其参数进行寻优.仿真结果表明,本文设计的基于遗传算法的模糊PID控制器对于具有右半复平面零点非最小相位系统具有很好的跟踪性,能够同时减小负调、超调,缩短上升时间.     

相空间重构优化研究

分析了传统相空间重构方法的不足,提出了相空间重构优化的标准和重构质量的评价方法.由于相空间重构过程中,重构参数的改变直接导致了吸引子的伸展和折叠行为.并形成相应的空间结构.通过无序度可以有效地刻画重构吸引子的不同性态,当无序度最小时可保证吸引子具有最规则的结构.重构质量的评价主要是通过检测吸引子拓扑结构的稳定性来实现,这比其他检验方法更具有客观性.仿真实验结果表明该方法的可行性.     

基于相空间重构的汇率预测研究

汇率在宏观经济政策、商业经营和个人决策制定上的作用越来越重要,使其成为了研究的热点。根据混沌动力系统的相空间延迟坐标重构理论,基于支持向量机的强大的非线性映射能力,提出了一种基于支持向量机回归的超短期汇率预测方法,并建立了模型,对美元港币的即时汇率进行了实证计算,且与BP神经网络模型进行了比较。结果表明,所建立的模型能很好地跟踪即时汇率的变化趋势,预测精度比较高且算法运行速度比BP神经网络模型快得多。     

基于FPGA硬件实现的谐波检测方法

针对现有系统对谐波检测实时性差和精度低的问题,介绍一种基于傅立叶变换和FPGA硬件实现的谐波检测方法.分析了谐波检测中影响测量精度的关键因素,采用数字锁相环来同步被测信号,以减小由非同步采样所产生的误差.基-4FFT 处理器的硬件设计采用全并行的乘法运算单元结构和并行的存储分配方法,最大限度地提高谐波检测的速度.数字锁相环和基-4 FFT 算法用VHDL语言设计实现,并用MAX plus Ⅱ软件进行仿真,仿真结果表明,所设计的数字锁相环可以很好地跟踪被测信号,在180ms时,误差仅为0.01Hz,很好地消除了非同步采样所引起的测量误差;采用所设计的基-4FFT运算器对给定的谐波数据进行运算,得到的谐波幅值和相位误差小于0.05%,运算时间仅为8μs.     

超燃冲压发动机燃烧室液体射流雾化数值模拟

为了研究超燃冲压发动机燃烧室中液体射流喷射压力、燃烧室进口总温以及液体物性对射流雾化特性的影响,使用计算流体力学软件对超声速燃烧室中的液体雾化两相流场进行了数值模拟.计算采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法,NG k-ε湍流模型,波致破碎模型.计算结果表明,喷射压力增大,液体射流的穿透深度增加;燃烧室进口总温升高,液体射流的穿透深度减少;表面张力对雾化粒径的影响比动力粘度的影响显著,液体表面张力越大,雾化形成的液滴粒径越大.     

Structural instabilities and superconductivity in La-214 compounds

In La_2–x Ba _x CuO₄ (LBCO) the transition to a low-temperature tetragonal phase and the suppression of superconductivity occur at the carrier concentration p 1/8 per copper. We will discuss the roles of various material parameters that control this instability. An unusual lattice softening has been found by ultrasonic measurement on La_2–x Sr _x CuO₄ (LSCO). This softening is present only in an in-plane shearing mode and is ascribed to the growth of structural fluctuations in the normal state.These phenomena are closely related because both the structural change in LBCO and the applied strain in LSCO lift the degeneracy of in-plane oxygen sites. They clarify the importance of strong coupling between the normal-state electronic system and the lattice by a Peierls-type mechanism.     

三维周期性和十次旋转对称

假设具有十次旋转对称电子衍射图的Ａｌ－Ｆｅ合金相是由周期性结构产生,利用所谓的Ｃ多面体构造了１个三维周期结构,该结构能作为原子模型来描述Ａｌ－Ｆｅ合金相,该模型的Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换图较好地符合于相应的电子衍射图。对若干具有十次旋转对称Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换图的周期性模型也作了简述。     

Ca doped YBCO on the Ba site

The effect of partial, nominal replacement of Ba with Ca on the properties of the YBa₂Cu₃O_6+gd superconductor varies with the concentration of Ca. For nominal concentrations in Ca up to 50% a two phase system is formed: the known superconducting phase Y_1–yCa_yBa₂Cu₃O₆₊ and a new, non superconducting phase of composition Y_1.14Ca_1.58Cu_3.27O_6.45. The x-ray diffraction pattern of this new phase matches the Bragg peaks, as well as the commensurate and incommensurate peaks of a partially indexed pattern of the phase Y_2–xCa_2+xCu₅O₁₀. For nominal Ca concentrations 40 and 50%, microprobe analysis shows that the superconducting phase becomes a mixture of Y_1–yCa_yBa₂Cu₃O_6+° and YBa_1.8Ca_0.2Cu₃O_6.5, where Ca enters the structure in the Ba site. The microraman spectra indicate a small substitution of Ba by Ca, while the new phase shows novel characteristics.     

基于测量波阻抗相位特性的多端混合直流线路保护方案

电网换相换流器和模块化多电平换流器(line commutated converter-modular multi-level converter,LCC-MMC)并联型多端混合直流输电系统结合了基于电网换相换流器型高压直流输电(line commutated converter-high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)与基于模块化多电平换流器型高压直流输电(modular multi-level converter-HVDC,MMC-HVDC)的技术优势,但因其不一致的边界特性、特殊的汇流母线结构、不同的换流站控制策略,导致现有的线路保护方案难以直接应用。为此,文中提出一种基于测量波阻抗相位特性的多端混合直流线路保护方案。首先,推导不同故障位置测点处测量波阻抗表达式,发现在高频段内,测点处测量波阻抗相位在区内外故障条件下差异显著,且相位特征与故障距离、类型和过渡电阻等因素无关;接着,利用S变换提取测量波阻抗相位信息,并结合行波高低频能量比判据,实现故障识别;最后,在PSCAD中进行仿真验证。结果表明,所提保护能够区分T区母线与其相邻线路末端故障,在满足快速性的同时具备一定的耐受过渡电阻(500 Ω)和抗噪声干扰(20 dB)能力,满足多端混合直流系统线路主保护要求。