PFF与PUF热稳定性及燃烧性能研究

制备了酚醛泡沫和聚氨酯泡沫，并研究了酚醛硬泡与聚氨酯硬泡的热稳定性及燃烧性能。结果表明：和聚氨酯泡沫比较，酚醛泡沫的热失重小，热释放速率和热释放总量低。因此酚醛泡沫的热稳定性和阻燃性能明显优于聚氨酯泡沫。     

酚醛改性胺环氧树脂固化剂研究进展

介绍了酚、醛改性胺类固化剂的合成反应原理、工艺路线、合成方法以及酚醛改性胺类固化剂产品型号、标准和技术指标方面存在的问题，建议尽快规范统一的标准。详细介绍了近年来该类固化剂的研究已从单纯的苯酚、甲醛对各种胺的改性。向着由多元化的酚、醛对各种胺进行改性的方向发展。描述了这类固化剂的主要品种及其优缺点并对市场前景进行了预测和展望。     

酚醛胺(T-31)环氧树脂固化剂之浅谈

介绍了酚醛胺(T-31)系列环氧固化剂及原料的现状和特点,并对酚醛胺(T-31)系列环氧固化剂进行了分代,阐述了第三代酚醛胺(T-31)系列环氧固化剂的系列化、专用化、高档化。预测和展望了2005年的需求和方向。     

A Review of Certain Recent Work on the Durability of Aluminium Alloy Bonded with Epoxide and Phenolic Adhesives

Single lap joints of aluminium alloy, bonded with a number of structural adhesives, have been aged at 100% or 50% relative humidity (r.h.) at 50°C for up to 10000 hours. The adhesives used have included a simple epoxide and some modified phenolics and epoxides. Whilst joints are not significantly weakened on exposure at 50% r.h., significant weakening occurs at 100% rh. There is an initial fall in strength in the early stages of exposure, but after this period joints remain fairly stable, retaining approximately 40-60% of the strengths they had before exposure. Water diffusion coefficients in the adhesives have been obtained from experiments on the mass uptake of water by films of the adhesives. Water concentration profiles and overall levels of water in adhesive joints have been calculated from diffusion coefficients, and these show that the initial fall in strength is controlled by water diffusing through the adhesive layer. Joint strengths recover significantly when they are dried out. The behaviour of joints can be interpreted by there being ion-pairs at the interface. Water reduces the interionic force by raising the permittivity of the surroundings, and this is reversed when the water is removed.     

Thermal cure monitoring of phenolic resole resins based on in situ fluorescence technique

The thermal curing reaction of two phenolic resole resins is monitored using the fluorescence technique. The intrinsic fluorescence can be used as an indicator for cure monitoring for the first resole. As the thermal curing proceeds, the intrinsic fluorescence intensity of the resole resin decreases and exhibits a few nanometers of redshift. The fluorescence intensity of the emission maxima is correlated with the conversion measured by differential scanning spectroscopy. A linear correlation is found at three different temperatures. The intrinsic fluorescence cannot always be used for monitoring the curing process of phenolic resole resins. Thus, three intramolecular charge transfer compounds and two organic donor–π‐acceptor salts are selected and applied for the cure monitoring of the second phenolic resole resin. As the curing reaction proceeds, the fluorescence emission spectra of the probes exhibit a blue spectral shift and the intensity changes because of environmental changes. An intensity ratio method is applied in which the ratios of the low‐ to high‐intensity changes in the emission bands are used to determine the degree of the curing process. There is a smooth correlation between the intensity ratio method and the degree of cure. The method enables one to follow the changes in the polymer structure at low and intermediate degrees of the curing process (below 70%) and obtain comparable results from different types of probes during the same curing process. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1773–1780, 2002     

Effect of refining on the phenolic composition of crude olive oils

By definition, virgin olive oil is consumed unrefined, although a great proportion of the olive oil produced has to be refined to render it edible. Phenolic compounds are among the substances eliminated during the refining process; in the present work these were characterized by HPLC, and their evolution during the different refining steps was studied. The complete refining process removed most polyphenols from oils, but the behavior of individual compounds at each step also was observed. o-Diphenols (hydroxytyrosol, catechol, and hydroxytyrosol acetate) and flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin) were eliminated first during the alkaline treatment. Tyrosol and 4-ethylphenol remained in the oil until the deodorization step. A large amount of phenolic compounds was discovered in the refining by-products such as soapstocks and deodorization distillates. In the latter streams, the concentrations of tyrosol and 4-ethylphenol reached up to 149 and 3720 mg/kg by-product, respectively. This high level of 4-ethylphenol and its well-known strong off-odor can interfere during further processing of the deodorization distillates, and this must be taken into account when deciding what is to become of them. Similarly, the results of this work open the possibility of recovering phenolic compounds from the “second centrifugation olive oils” by adding a new washing step prior to the refining process. By including this new step, the most polar polyphenols, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, will diffuse from oil to water and a concentration of up to 1400 mg/L of hydroxytyrosol may be achieved.     

碳钢贮热水箱的模拟腐蚀试验及涂层耐蚀性能研究

碳钢贮热水箱长期在30～80°C温变的热水环境中工作,易受到热水及水中杂质的腐蚀。研究了不同温度下Q235钢在自来水及含100μg/mLNaCl的自来水中的腐蚀速率。对裸钢及其涂覆相同厚度的不同涂层──酚醛环氧(自制)、钛纳米聚合物和改性聚乙烯后在70°C自来水中的极化曲线进行了比较。采用动电位扫描极化曲线测量和电化学交流阻抗谱法(EIS)分别对涂覆不同涂层的Q235钢进行了耐蚀性能研究。结果表明,3种防腐涂层均具有较佳的抗热水性,耐蚀能力较强,适宜对Q235钢贮热水箱进行防护。     

蒸馏妥尔油改性酚醛树脂的合成与应用

利用造纸厂纸浆废液中分离出的蒸馏妥尔油,合成了改性酚醛树脂,并对反应机理和树脂结构进行了分析。结果表明,当苯酚与甲醛的摩尔比控制为1∶0.6~0.9,蒸馏妥尔油加入量为苯酚的40%~60%时,改性的酚醛树脂性能最佳,与聚合物和溶剂的混溶性得到提高。     

Preparation,characterization, and prominent thermal stability of phase‐change microcapsules with phenolic resin shell and n‐hexadecane core

Microcapsules with phenolic resin (PFR) shell and n‐hexadecane (HD) core were prepared by controlled precipitation of the polymer from droplets of oil‐in‐water emulsion, followed by a heat‐curing process. The droplets of the oil phase are composed of a polymer (PFR), a good solvent (ethyl acetate), and a poor solvent (HD) for the polymer. Removal of the good solvent from the droplets leads to the formation of microcapsules with the poor solvent encapsulated by the polymer. The microstructure, morphology, and phase‐change property as well as thermal stability of the microcapsules were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimety (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The phase‐change microcapsules exhibit smooth and perfect structure, and the shell thickness is a constant fraction of the capsule radius. The initial weight loss temperature of the microcapsules was determined to be 330°C in N₂ and 255°C in air, respectively, while that of the bulk HD is only about 120°C both in air and N₂ atmospheres. The weight loss mechanism of the microcapsules in different atmosphere is not the same, changing from the pyrolysis temperature of the core material in N₂ to the evaporation of core material caused by the fracture of shell material in air. The melting point of HD in microcapsules is slightly lower than that of bulk HD, and a supercooling was observed upon crystallization. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

聚合型受阻酚抗氧剂的合成及应用

研究了以对甲酚为主要原料合成聚合型受阻酚抗氧剂的工艺。结果表明，树脂缩合反应条件是对甲酚与双环戊二烯为3：1～1．25，ZnCl2催化剂为对甲酚质量分数的2．0％，反应温度为75～80℃，双环戊二烯滴加时间为2h。烷基化反应温度为70～75℃，H2S04催化剂为缩合树脂质量分数的2．0％。制得的聚合型受阻酚抗氧剂产品对聚氨酯泡沫用聚醚2802具有较好的抗氧化性，起燃温度达224℃。