高温土酸酸化缓蚀剂DS-2的性能评价

针对目前国内土酸酸化缓蚀剂存在的高温下易分层、缓蚀率不高等问题,利用醛、酮、胺的缩合反应合成了一种曼尼希碱,通过和炔醇、喹啉季铵盐、含氮含硫化合物等组分的复配,研究得到高温土酸酸化缓蚀剂.DS-2。对DS-2的性能评价结果表明,DS-2在不同质量分数的土酸酸液中具有炎好的溶解分散性,120℃恒温静置48h,无液一液分层、液一固分离现象产生;和酸液中的粘土稳定剂、铁离子稳定剂等酸化添加剂有良好的配伍性;150℃条件下,常规土酸加入质量分数为2%的DS-2后腐蚀速率为13.47g/(m2·h),乏酸中的点蚀因数为97,缓蚀性和乏酸防点蚀性能均达到酸化缓蚀剂评价标准SY/T5405-1996规定的一级水平;渗透率损害试验证明,DS-2对地层无伤害。     

X70钢在不同温度下的CO_2腐蚀行为

为研究腐蚀因素与腐蚀速率的关系,通过在NACE(体积分数5%NaCl+0.5%CH3COOH)溶液中进行饱和CO2浸泡腐蚀实验,研究了X70钢在30、60和90℃条件下的CO2腐蚀行为。结果表明:X70钢在60、90℃条件下的腐蚀速率大于30℃,并高出1个数量级。30℃时试样表面无明显点蚀特征;60℃条件下试样表面出现大量点蚀,其余部分平整,点蚀周围富集Cl-;90℃条件下试样表面不仅出现严重的台地腐蚀而且出现线蚀槽,局部腐蚀严重。X70钢的CO2腐蚀受到钢的成分、显微组织等冶金因素的影响。     

模拟地面集输环境下温度对2205双相钢均匀腐蚀及点蚀行为的影响

针对油气集输管线在CO2和含高浓度的Cl-地层水环境中易发生腐蚀失效的问题,通过腐蚀失重试验和电化学测试分析,研究了2205双相不锈钢在高分压CO2+高矿化度+高浓度Cl-地层水集输管线环境中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:在模拟油田集输管线环境中,升温引起的2205双相不锈钢的均匀腐蚀速率基本不变,整体表现为轻度腐蚀,但由于Cl-的存在,2205双相钢在50 ℃和70 ℃时出现明显的点蚀坑形貌;2205双相钢在3种测试温度下的阳极极化曲线存在明显的钝化区,随着温度的升高,2205双相钢的点蚀电位先升高、再下降,在30~50 ℃,存在一个临界点蚀温度CPT;交流阻抗图谱在50 ℃和70 ℃分别表现出了点蚀诱导期和点蚀发展期的特征。     

Controlling limiting length of tunnels on Al foil electroetched in HCl-H2SO4 solution

The limiting length of tunnels, llim, of Al foil electro-etched in HCl-H2SO4 solution and the corresponding anodic polarization curves in the same solution were measured. It is found that there is a dependence of llim on the potential difference, △φ, between the pitting potential, φpit, and the corrosion potential, φcorr, of Al foil, when the temperature and H2SO4 concentration of HCl-H2SO4 electrolyte are changed. The dynamic equation on the tunnel growing and the linear equation between llim and △φ were deduced by analyzing the relationship among the over-potential on Al foil surface, the transport over-potential in tunnel solution and the over-potential at tunnel tip during the electro-etching. The results show that the growing velocity of tunnels decreases with their extending in length and the changing trend of llim can be judged by measuring △φ, which supplies a convenient access to explore new kinds of etchants.     

SUPER304H锅炉钢管局部腐蚀分析及其防护对策

对某沿海在建机组锅炉用SUPER304H钢管出现的局部腐蚀进行了宏观形貌、化学成分、金相、扫描电镜及能谱分析结果表明,SUPER304H钢管局部腐蚀的主要原因是由氯离子引起的。对此,建议在SUPER304H钢管海运及存放时,加盖帆布和采用缓蚀剂进行防护。对已产生局部腐蚀的管材进行打磨,并经渗透探伤和壁厚测量检验合格后可正常使用。     

Fabrication of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels with excellent mechanical and pitting corrosion properties

A series of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels were successfully developed with a pressurized electroslag remelting furnace. Nitride additives and deoxidizer were packed into the stainless steel pipes, and then the stainless steel pipes were welded on the surface of an electrode with low nitrogen content to prepare a compound electrode. Using Si3N4 as a nitrogen alloying source, the silicon contents in the ingots were prone to be out of the specification range, the electric current fluctuated greatly...     

混凝土内钢绞线的蚀坑形状及分布特征

为研究预应力钢筋的锈蚀特性,在自然气候条件下,采用内掺盐的方式,进行了混凝土内钢绞线的锈蚀实验．实验结果表明：钢绞线的蚀坑形状可抽象为2种典型形状,即椭球形和马鞍形;随着锈蚀率增大,蚀坑总个数增大,椭球形蚀坑出现的概率呈先增后减趋势;马鞍形蚀坑出现概率呈先减后增趋势,但变化幅度都不大;蚀坑的长度、宽度、深度都较好地呈对数正态分布．     

Effects of deoxidizing degree on the pitting corrosion behavior of carbon and manganese steels

Nine steels with different deoxidizing degrees and two comparative steels were selected. Their pitting initiation susceptibility was compared by means of potentiodynamic polarization tests in 3wt% NaCl solution. The pit propagation rate was evaluated in artificial sea water and 3wt% sea salt solution by simulating occluded corrosion cell (SOCC) test and hanging plate test, respectively. The composition of inclusions and corrosive feature were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe mic...     

润滑油对齿轮疲劳点蚀的影响

润滑油对齿轮的疲劳点蚀寿命有影响,而且影响很大,润滑油选用不当或润滑油质量不高,可使疲劳点蚀寿命降低一半;选用高性能润滑油可使疲劳点蚀寿命提高2～3倍,而高性能润滑油的关键在添加剂的合理复配．通过对鞍钢线材厂使用的国产525油膜轴承油的试验研究,证明国产润滑完全可以替代进口润滑油,不会降低齿轮的疲劳寿命。     

冶金因素对低合金钢点蚀扩展过程的影响

通过室内间浸挂片与模拟闭塞腐蚀电池试验对4种常用N i-Cr系与Mn系低合金钢的点蚀扩展速率作了比较,研究了4种钢的腐蚀行为,从冶金因素上分析探讨了引起点蚀扩展速率差异的机理.结果表明:短期内N i-Cr系钢的点蚀扩展速率小于Mn系钢,而在模拟长期挂片的OCC试验中N i-Cr系钢的点蚀扩展速率却大于Mn系钢.初步分析认为钢中的夹杂物对钢的点蚀扩展有促进作用;Cr在点蚀扩展初期尚未完全活化对提高钢的点蚀扩展阻力有利,在中后期Cr的活化促进了点蚀的扩展.