低温等离子体处理纤维素纤维的机理和性能研究

本文应用不同技术参数的低温等离子体对Lyocell纤维进行处理,借助SEM等手段对其表面特征和物理性能进行研究,通过化学热力学和化学动力学,对反应机理做了研究和分析,证明了通过这种新型手段对Lyocell纤维进行接枝和改性的可行性和优越性,并针对Lyocell纤维的一些相关性能进行了处理前和处理后的比较,结果表明低温等离子体处理后的Lyocell纤维在不降低物理机械性能的同时很大程度上减少了纤维的原纤化。     

Rapid Reactive Synthesis and Sintering of Submicron TiC/SiC Composites through Spark Plasma Sintering

Submicrometer TiC/SiC composites were fabricated by a rapid reactive sintering process through spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique using the carbon, titanium, and nanosized-SiC powders without any additive. It was found that the composite could be sintered in a relatively short time (8 min at 1480°C) to 97.9% of theoretical density. After sintering, the phase constituents and microstructures of the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction techniques and observed by scanning electron microscopy. The effect of nanosized and microsized SiC additives on the microstructure of TiC/SiC composites was investigated.     

Surface modification of a biomedical poly(ester)urethane by several low‐powered gas plasmas

Several low‐powered gas plasmas were employed to treat a biomedical poly(ester)urethane using the treatment gases of CO₂, O₂, NH₃, and SO₂ with different treatment time (2, 5, 10, and 15 min). The changes of the physical and chemical characteristics of the biopolymer surface were studied. Surface morphology was evaluated by scanning probe microscopy, which showed increased roughness of the surface after plasma treatment. The wettability of the surface was examined by static water contact angle (SCA) measurements, which presented that there was a decrease of SCA in all plasma treatments compared with the untreated surface and that each gas plasma had an optimum treatment time accompanied by a minimum contact angle. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the changes of the surface functional groups. The data demonstrated that CO₂ and O₂ plasmas resulted in the incorporation of oxygen‐containing groups, while NH₃ plasma resulted in the combination of nitrogen‐containing groups, and SO₂ plasma resulted in the formation of sulfur‐containing groups. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1273–1282, 2006     

等离子体煤热解与气化工艺的研究进展

介绍了煤在热等离子体中转化为小分子化合物的2个重要过程,即等离子体煤热解和气化的基本原理、应用及发展状况。在非氧化性气氛中,煤热解生成的气体产物主要是乙炔、氢气、一氧化碳,此外还有甲烷和乙烯等小分子烃,乙炔的收率与煤种、粉煤粒度、反应器结构、粉煤进料方式、进料速度及操作条件密切相关,等离子体中氢的存在有利于乙炔的产生;在氧化性气氛中,煤气化产物主要是一氧化碳和氢气,煤中碳的转化率达95%,合成气体积分数约85%,二氧化碳体积分数低于5%。指出等离子体应用于煤转化过程是煤洁净利用的有效方式,具有潜在的工业化应用前景。     

Surface crosslinking of high‐density polyethylene beads in a modified plasma reactor

High‐density polyethylene (HDPE) beads were successfully surface‐crosslinked in a modified plasma reactor. The modified plasma reactor treats large amounts of beads, which are uniformly surface‐crosslinked. In this study, effects of the gas pressure, radio‐frequency (RF) power, and the treatment time on the degree of surface crosslinking were systematically investigated. Degree of surface crosslinking was measured by solvent extraction method (boiling xylene method, BXM). The gel content of plasma‐treated HDPE increases from 0.0 to 1.05% within 10 min at 100 mTorr, 200 W. FTIR and DSC analyses show that the crosslinked layer after plasma treatment is limited only at HDPE surface without changing the bulk thermal property of HDPE. Through the analysis of FTIR, it was confirmed that main peaks corresponding to CH₂ bands were decreased and two peaks corresponding to CF₂ and CF₃ were observed after plasma surface modification. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2921–2929, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10295     

Low-temperature catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes under microwave plasma assistance

Various carbon nanotubes (CNTs) including aligned arrays, Y-branching and some other novel morphologies have been catalytically grown on anodic porous alumina template (APAT) and on the alumina-supported catalysts with methane (or benzene) as carbon source under microwave plasma assistance below 520 °C. The growth process could be simply operated since neither heating nor bias-voltage was applied to the catalysts or APAT. The results presented in this paper not only greatly richened the nanostructures of carbon family but also provided with a new technique path for synthesizing CNTs or some other nanostructures with the characteristics of low-temperature which has some special advantages or applications.     

Langmuir probe RF plasma compensation using a simulation method

The problem of Langmuir probe data deformation due to RF pickup by the probe is treated through a computer simulation method. It is pointed out that proper RF compensations can be obtained by treatment of the Langmuir probe raw data through the use of computer software. It is demonstrated that correct, RF unaffected probe I–V$I\text{–}V$ characteristics can be accurately reproduced from the RF contaminated data. This eliminates the need for the use of any filters or other hardware procedures. User friendly matlab based software is presented. The software automatically retrieves the correct RF I–V$I\text{–}V$ characteristics for single Langmuir probe data which consequently allows for proper evaluation of plasma parameters such as the plasma electron temperature, electron number density and the electron energy distribution function (EEDF)     

等离子体技术在化学合成中的应用

从等离子体的基本特性出发,综述了等离子体技术在氨气合成、有机物合成、高分子合成以及纳米碳管的合成等方面的应用和最新进展,并展望了等离子体技术在化学合成方面的应用前景.     

人血浆蛋白C的纯化与鉴定

目的　建立人血浆蛋白C的纯化与鉴定方法。方法　利用DEAE SephadexA 5 0代替氯化钡 ,对血浆进行预处理 ,再经DEAE SepharoseFF离子交换和肝素 SepharoseCL 6B亲和层析进行分离纯化 ,用活化的部分凝血活酶时间 (APTT)测定组分活性 ,非还原型SDS PAGE测定其相对分子质量 ,Westernblot鉴定其特异性。结果获得相对分子质量为 6 2 0 0 0的蛋白条带 ,此条带可与人蛋白C单克隆抗体发生特异性反应。结论　已成功地从血浆中分离到蛋白C ,为其规模化生产奠定了基础。     

甲烷浓度对金刚石薄膜(100)织构生长的影响

以H2和CH4的混合气体为气源,用微波等离子体辅助化学气相沉积法(MPECVD)在1 cm×1 cm S i(100)基体上沉积了金刚石薄膜。研究了不同的甲烷浓度对金刚石薄膜(100)织构生长趋势的影响。分别采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),Ram an光谱对金刚石膜的表面形貌、质量进行了分析。结果表明,当基体温度为750℃,气压为4.8×103Pa,甲烷浓度为1.4%时,薄膜表面为(100)织构。