阻燃性有机硅高分子材料的研究进展

综述了国内外在阻燃性有机硅高分子材料的制备、性能及应用等方面的研究进展，介绍了有机硅高分子材料的燃烧历程、常用阻燃剂及其阻燃机理，并对阻燃性有机硅高分子材料的研究发展前景进行了展望。     

聚苯乙烯-铂络合物催化硅氢加成反应机理的研究

将巯甲基化交联聚苯乙烯－铂络合物微球用于催化苯乙烯与甲基二氯硅烷的加成反应，考察了用硅氢加成试剂处理催化剂的时间对其催化行为的影响。发现催化活性中心主要是Pt（Ⅱ），催化剂的后处理时间明显影响硅氢加成反应的诱导期和活性，并根据实验结果提出了可能的催化机理。     

Preparation of composite particles made from solid powders and wasted plastics by semichemical recycle method

Composite particles composed of solid powders and polymer were prepared by semichemical recycle of wasted plastics. Waste expanded polystyrene was used as raw materials of polymer matrix of composite particles. Both magnetite and silicon carbide powders were used as solid powders to give thermal and electric conductivity and magnetization, respectively. In the experiment, the oil‐phase dissolving expanded polystyrene was dispersed in fine droplets into the continuous water phase. Two kinds of powders were added at the same time or separately in the O/W dispersion. Composite particles were found to have the structure that polymer particle was covered with two kinds of solid powders. The mean diameter of composite particles and the content of each solid powder were strongly affected by the addition time when silicon carbide powder was added into the dispersion. Furthermore, it was found that the gradient adhesion layer due to two solid powders was able to be formed on the surface of polymer particle. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 483–488, 2003     

上海市废弃混凝土来源与回收前景

对上海市废弃混凝土的产生来源及其数量进行了调查,并预测了未来10年内由于住宅建设产生的废弃混凝土数量.结果表明,旧建筑物的拆除和市政工程的动迁及重大基础设施的改造是废弃混凝土产生的主要来源.未来10年内,每年仅由住宅拆迁和新建产生的废弃混凝土量就可达1390万t.最后,还从天然砂石集料资源、人口密度和工业化发展水平等方面对上海市废弃混凝土的回收前景作了初步分析.     

关于加快我国石油和化学工业走循环经济之路的思考

论述了我国石油和化学工业“五大六低”的矛盾,即:产量大,企业数量大,职工队伍大,资源与能源消耗大,环境污染大;劳动生产率低,集约化程度低,科技含量低,石油和化学品性能低,市场应变能力低,经济效益低的矛盾。现状决定了石化工业必须加快循环经济的发展,提出了推动我国石油和化学工业走循环经济之路必须采取的对策和建议。     

Catalytic Combustion of Model Carbon Particles (CPs) over Pt/β-SiC Catalyst

Platinum catalyst supported on a medium surface area -SiC was successfully used for the catalytic combustion of model carbon particles and compared to a catalyst supported on a low surface area -SiC. The -SiC-based catalyst showed no deactivation as a function of cycling tests while a strong deactivation was observed on the -SiC-based catalyst. This deactivation was attributed to the progressive encapsulation of the platinum particles by a layer of silica which built up during the combustion cycle. These results render possible the use of Pt/-SiC catalyst as a diesel carbon particle catalytic filter with continuous regeneration.     

Mechanical characterization and chemical resistances of cured unsaturated polyester resins modified with vinyl ester resins based on recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Unsaturated polyester resin (UP) was prepared from glycolyzed oligomer of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste based on diethylene glycol (DEG). New diacrylate and dimethacrylate vinyl ester resins prepared from glycolysis of PET with tetraethylene glycol were blended with UP to study the mechanical characteristics of the cured UP. The vinyl ester resins were used as crosslinking agents for unsaturated polyester resin diluted with styrene, using free‐radical initiator and accelerator. The mechanical properties of the cured UP resins were evaluated. The compressive properties of the cured UP/styrene resins in the presence of different vinyl ester concentrations were evaluated. Increasing the vinyl ester content led to a pronounced improvement in the compression strength. The chemical resistances of the cured resins were evaluated through hot water, solvents, acid, and alkali resistance measurements. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3175–3182, 2007     

Direct methanol alkaline fuel cells with catalysed anion exchange membrane electrodes

Membrane electrodes prepared by chemical deposition of platinum directly onto the anion exchange membrane electrolyte were tested in direct methanol alkaline fuel cells. Data on the cell voltage against current density performance and anode potentials are reported. The relatively low fuel cell performance was probably due to the low active surface area of Pt deposits on the membrane comparing to other membrane electrode assembly (MEA) fabrication methods. However, the catalysed membrane electrode showed good performance for oxygen reduction. A reduction in cell internal resistance was also obtained for the catalysed membrane electrode. By combining the catalysed membrane electrodes with a catalysed mesh, maximum current density of 98 mA cm^–2 and peak power density of 18 mW cm^–2 were achieved.     

废旧轮胎综合利用现状简介

本文主要介绍了目前国内外废旧轮胎资源的综合利用情况，简要分析了我国废旧轮胎行业存在的问题并提出了相关措施。对我国发展循环经济，实施可持续发展战略具有重要的现实意义。     

Morphology and mechanical properties of polypropylene/high‐impact polystyrene blends from postconsumer plastic waste

The compatibilizing effect of the triblock copolymer poly(styrene‐b‐ethylene‐co‐butylene‐b‐styrene) (SEBS) on the morphological and mechanical properties of virgin and recycled polypropylene (PP)/high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) blends was studied, with the properties optimized for rigid composite films. The components of the blend were obtained from municipal plastic waste, PP being acquired from mineral water bottles (PP_b) and HIPS from disposable cups. These materials were preground, washed only with water, dried with hot air, and ground again (PP_b) or agglutinated (HIPS). Blends with three different weight ratios of PP_b and HIPS (6:1, 6:2, and 6:3) were prepared, and three different concentrations of SEBS (5, 6, and 7 wt %) were used for investigations of its compatibilizing effect. Scanning electron microscopy showed that SEBS reduced the diameter of dispersed HIPS particles in the globular and fibril shapes and improved the adhesion between the disperse phase and the matrix. However, SEBS interactions with PP_b and HIPS influenced the mechanical properties of the compatibilized PP_b/HIPS/SEBS blends. An adequate composition of PP/HIPS, for both virgin and recycled blends, for applications in composite films with characteristics similar to those of synthetic paper was obtained with a minimal amount of SEBS and a maximal HIPS/PP ratio in the range of concentrations studied. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2861–2867, 2003