热压变形对灰口铸铁石墨形态的影响

研究了灰口铸铁(HTl50)在900℃大压下量塑性变形后石墨的分布形态，结果表明：随着压下量的增加，石墨片逐渐趋于平行分布；变形过程中发生了碳的回溶，同时伴随着石墨片的断裂；石墨片体积分数及片间距随压下量的增加而逐渐减少。     

金属及合金中钛的光度分析近况

综述了金属及合金中钛的光度测定方法新近进展情况。     

混凝土小砌块与普通砖混住宅楼造价分析

指出混凝土小型空心砌块是一种节能型的新型墙体材料。本文从经济角度对该种材料和粘土砖材料进行了实例分析、比较,得出了这种新型材料值得推广使用的结论。     

The Structure of the Irreversibly Bound Adhesion Promoter-Substrate Interfacial Layer of γ-Aminopropylsilanetriol on Crystalline Si, as Measured by XPS and FTIR

The irreversibly bound interfacial layer deposited by the γ-aminopropysilanetriol adhesion promoter onto a crystalline silicon substrate, which remains even after profuse washing, was found by XPS to have resulted from the fragmentation and rearrangement of the original γ-aminopropylsilanetriol molecule. A mechanism is proposed, involving the homolytic scission of the terminal N-C bond. One of the subsequent reactions is believed to involve hydrogen loss by abstraction and the formation of a terminal vinyl group, which bonds to the substrate. Support for this mechanism is found in IR spectroscopy of this layer.     

Fractionation of partially stereoregular poly(propylene oxide)

Partially stereoregular poly(propylene oxide) samples were synthesized via reactions catalysed by a preformed analytically defined trimethylaluminium hydrolysate. These samples were fractionated into two contrastingly different fractions.

1. (i) D-polymers: This fraction constituted the major part (up to 90%). It mainly contained cyclic low molecular weight oligomers (MW < 1000). The linear chains found in D-polymers had hydroxyl end groups. No double bonds could be detected spectroscopically.

2. (ii) K-polymers: This fraction was high molecular weight stereoregular polymer. Stepwise thermal precipitation from dilute isooctane solution of K-polymers yielded a succession of fractions which differed in melting point. It appears that the phase equilibria during the thermal precipitations were not controlled by the molecular weights of species.

Structural analysis of Au/Mg(OH)2 during deactivation by Debye function analysis

Using a Debye function analysis, the presence of icosahedral and face centered cuboctahedral gold in a 1 1 ratio has been found in freshly prepared Au/Mg(OH)₂ catalyst. The results support earlier studies which suggest the icosahedral form to be more stable at small nanometer sizes. Interactions between the gold and the Mg(OH)₂ support appear to be weak, with the gold rapidly coagulating over a period of three months. Re-analysis of the aged sample shows the gold to be mainly in the form of truncated decahedra.     

Some aspects of the analysis of coal by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

Bituminous coal samples from 84 distinct sources were analysed by conventional British Standards (BS) methods for phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine, ash and the ash-forming elements (calcium, silicon, aluminium, iron, sodium, magnesium, potassium, titanium and manganese). In most cases four determinations were made per element per source. Samples were crushed to ?212 μm (72 BS mesh) and pressed into aluminium cups at 20 t in^?2 (309 MPa) without binder or backing. Two pellets from each sample were analysed by wave-length dispersive X-ray fluorescence techniques, using a spectrometer equipped with a rhodium rube; the X-ray count took 60 s. The X-ray results were calibrated against the conventional results using multiple regression. The accuracy obtained was comparable with routine ‘wet chemical’ techniques. The X-ray technique is suitable for the routine determination of large numbers of samples.     

双波长分光光度法测定自来水中Fe2+和Fe3+的含量

采用双波长分光光度法测定 Fe2 和 Fe3 的方法 ,结果表明 ,在 λ1 =4 0 0 nm,λ2 =5 4 2 nm处 ,显色时间在 6 0 min～ 80 min,p H =4～ 5时能联合测定水中 Fe2 和 Fe3 ,其结果具有较高的精密度和准确度。     

Zinc Coated Steel/Epoxy Adhesive Systems: Investigation of the Interfacial Zone by FTIR Spectroscopy

The present study takes advantage of the ability of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for the analysis of ultrathin organic films on metals. FTIR in the reflection mode (IRRAS) is used in order to study the interaction of ultrathin films of dicyandiamide (hardener of most one-pack epoxy resins) with various substrates, model ones such as gold or zinc and industrial ones such as steel and zinc-coated steels.

Pure zinc surfaces and, to a lesser extent, zinc-coated steels are shown to react with dicyandiamide after heating at 180°C, as evidenced by the frequency shift of the absorption band (at about 2200 cm^-1) characteristic for nitrile groups. As real systems consist of thick layers of a fully formulated adhesive cured onto a metallic substrate, the direct investigation of such a buried interphase is no longer possible by FTIR and by most of the known spectroscopies. Some mechanically tested specimens are then analysed, after failure, by FTIR microspectrometry. The spectra obtained, corresponding to the fracture initiation zone which is about 100 μm in diameter, advocate for the presence of an ultrathin layer of modified polymer still covering the substrate.