NBR/Zn(MAA)2/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究

研究NBR／基丙烯酸锌[Zn(MAA)2]／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能。结果表明，Zn(MAA)2可以通过原位聚合反应在与NBR发生接枝交联的同时，实现对蒙脱土的插层，用该方法制备的NBR／Zn(MAA)2／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的物理性能优异，含有有机改性蒙脱土HMMT和USM的复合材料性能更为突出，且具有一定的透明性。     

Selective hydrogenolysis of glycerol to propylene glycol on Cu–ZnO catalysts

Hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived glycerol is an alternative route to sustainable production of propylene glycol. Cu–ZnO catalysts were prepared by coprecipitation with a range of Cu/Zn atomic ratio (0.6–2.0) and examined in glycerol hydrogenolysis to propylene glycol at 453–513 K and 4.2 MPa H₂. These catalysts possess acid and hydrogenation sites required for bifunctional glycerol reaction pathways, most likely involving glycerol dehydration to acetol and glycidol intermediates on acidic ZnO surfaces, and their subsequent hydrogenation on Cu surfaces. Glycerol hydrogenolysis conversions and selectivities depend on Cu and ZnO particle sizes. Smaller ZnO and Cu domains led to higher conversions and propylene glycol selectivities, respectively. A high propylene glycol selectivity (83.6%), with a 94.3% combined selectivity to propylene glycol and ethylene glycol (also a valuable product) was achieved at 22.5% glycerol conversion at 473 K on Cu–ZnO (Cu/Zn = 1.0) with relatively small Cu particles. Reaction temperature effects showed that optimal temperatures (e.g. 493 K) are required for high propylene glycol selectivities, probably as a result of optimized adsorption and transformation of the reaction intermediates on the catalyst surfaces. These preliminary results provide guidance for the synthesis of more efficient Cu–ZnO catalysts and for the optimization of reaction parameters for selective glycerol hydrogenolysis to produce propylene glycol.     

煤焦小型氮肥厂采用离心压缩机联产4万吨/年低压甲醇设计

小氮肥厂采用离心压缩机对合成氨进行技术改造,联产4万吨/年低压法经济型甲醇,是煤化工C_1化学产品的发展方向。     

Electrochemical behaviour of heat-treated AlZnMg alloys in chloride solutions containing sulphate

The electrochemical corrosion and passivation of Al5Zn1.7Mg0.23Cu0.053Nb alloys, submitted to different heat treatments (cold-rolled, annealed, quenched and aged, and quenched in two steps and aged), in sulphate-containing chloride solutions, has been studied by means of cyclic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The cyclic polarization curves showed that sulphate addition to the chloride solution produced a poor reproducible shift of the breakdown potential to more positive potentials. The repassivation potentials, much more reproducible, and practically separating the passive from the pitting potential region, were slightly displaced in the negative direction with that addition. When the alloys were potentiodynamically polarized in the passive potential region, sulphate was incorporated in the oxide film, thus precluding chloride ingress. In addition, Zn depletion was favoured, whereas Mg losses were avoided. Different equivalent circuits corresponding to different alloys and potentials in the passive and pitting regions were employed to account for the electrochemical processes taking place in each condition. This work shows that sulphate makes these alloys more sensitive to corrosion, increasing the fracture properties of the surface layer and favouring the pitting attack over greater areas than chloride alone.     

内蒙古花敖包特银铅锌矿床成矿特征研究与物化探勘查进展

花敖包特铅锌银矿床是近年来新发现的位于大兴安岭南段西坡银多金属成矿带上一重要矿床。自2000年通过土壤地球化学测量与激电测量发现本矿床以来,相继对该矿床进行了一系列地质基础理论研究以及有效勘查,包括通过各种地质方法揭示矿体成矿规律、探查矿体控制要素,运用物探勘查技术（高精度磁测、瞬变电磁法以及激电测量等）、化探勘查技术（土壤地球化学测量以及深穿透地球化学技术等）以及三维地质建模技术对矿区深部及其外围进行勘查,取得了一些新的认识,通过这些勘查研究显示本矿床在深部和外围仍具有良好的成矿前景。     

工业纯铝在模拟海水中的电化学腐蚀行为

为研究铝在海水中的腐蚀过程,采用电化学阻抗谱、浸泡试验、扫描电子显微镜研究工业纯铝在模拟海水中的腐蚀行为.结果表明:铝在模拟海水中发生点蚀的区域为富含Fe的晶间化合物处,点蚀半径随时间的增加而扩大.铝在模拟海水中的溶解曲线分为4个区间:活性溶解区、过渡区、过钝化区、钝化区.铝在模拟海水中,极化电位为过钝化区时,转移电阻R t随着电位的升高而变小,铝发生严重的点蚀;而极化电位为钝化区时,铝的转移电阻R t随着电位的升高基本不变,铝的溶解行为受到抑制.工业纯铝在模拟海水中发生点蚀的电位区间是-0.45～-0.65 V,钝化电位区间为-0.75～-0.85 V.     

复合掺杂Nd（III）和Zn（II）非晶态Ni（OH）2电极活性材料的制备及其表征

以NiSO4、ZnSO4和Nd（NO3）3为原料,采用共沉淀快速冷冻法制备出了复合掺杂稀土Nd（III）和Zn（II）的非晶态氢氧化镍粉体材料。测试发现：样品材料微结构无序性强,结晶水含量较高。将样品材料制备成镍电极并组装成MH—Ni电池,在80mA／g恒电流充电5．5h、40mA／g恒电流放电、终止电压为1．0V的充放电制度下,复合掺杂6％Nd（III）和6％Zn（II）样品材料电池的放电平台为1．2624V,放电比容量为343．12mAh／g,远高于目前应用的B-Ni（OH）2电极活性材料的放电比容量。     

锂离子电池Si_(1.81)Co_(0.6)Cr_(0.6)Zn_(0.2)/MGS复合负极材料的制备与性能

采用两步高能球磨法制备了一种新的锂离子电池硅基复合负极材料Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS.用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征了材料的组成和形貌结构.电化学测试表明,Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS作锂离子电池负极材料有较好的电化学性能:首次可逆容量为561 mAh.g-1,50个循环后,可逆容量的保持率为91%.Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS循环性能的改善归因于电极结构在循环过程中的稳定性.     

刚体纯滚动时静摩擦力方向判定及其影响因素

针对理论力学教学中关于＂刚体纯滚动时静摩擦力方向＂的判断问题,首先通过归纳总结,提出两个简易判别方法.进而对影响刚体纯滚动时静摩擦力方向的因素进行分析,并按不同因素进行归纳总结其规律.     

铝合金中锌、铁的快速测定--原子吸收分光光度法

样品以盐酸溶解，加入过氧化氢助溶，蒸至近干．加入1 1盐酸提取，移入100mL容量瓶中，分取部分溶液于50mL容量瓶中，调整盐酸酸度为5％，用水稀至刻度，摇匀后，以空气-乙炔火焰水相直接测定锌和铁。为了消除大量基体元素的影响，在标准系列中加入相当量的铝。此方法快捷、简便，亦可用于锰、镁、铜、铅、镍的测定。