注射成型立构复合聚乳酸的热变形性能分析

采用左旋聚乳酸（PLLA）和右旋聚乳酸（PDLA）为原料,采用熔融共混法制备了立构复合聚乳酸（SC?PLA）粉末,再通过注射成型制备了SC?PLA样条,并通过差示量热扫描仪（DSC）和热变形温度测定仪对SC?PLA粉末和样条的熔融、结晶情况和热变形性能进行了表征分析。结果表明,SC?PLA粉末的结晶能力与初始熔融状态直接相关;当熔融温度为220~230 ℃时,SC?PLA粉末的熔融稳定时间增加,有助于SC?PLA体系结晶,该温度适合SC?PLA的注射成型加工;SC?PLA样条中SC?PLA结晶度越高,均聚物PLA结晶度越低,越有助于样条热变形性能的提高;低注射温度和以SC?PLA粉末、PLLA、PDLA为原料成型有助于SC?PLA样条在220 ℃下加热再退火后获得较高的SC?PLA结晶度,其热变形温度最高可达到150 ℃以上;注射成型过程中,有利于保留更多SC?PLA晶体和提高SC?PLA结晶度的方式,有助于提高样条在退火后的热变形性能。     

长轴类零件整体中频同时加热淬火的试验和应用

对长轴类零件采用大功率中频机同时加热表面淬火的方法，配以专用感应圈和伸缩应圈的应用和自回火的应用，结果表明，可提高零件中频表面淬火质量，并大大提高生产效率，从而使企业在生产中取得高产品质量，高生产效率和低生产成本的极佳效果。     

水基淬火介质量化淬火循环冷却系统的设计

根据量化控制淬火原理，针对水基淬火介质，选用三个量化控制参数：K、Ts和Q，设计了符合量化淬火要求的循环冷却系统。     

Evaluation of Process Capability in Gas Carburizing Process to Achieve Quality through Limit Design Concept

NUMEROUS INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS requirea hard wear-resistant surface called the case,and arelatively soft,tough inside called the core.There arefive principal methods of case hardening:?Carburizing?Nitriding?Cyaniding or carbonitriding?Flame hardening?Induction hardeningThe first three methods change the chemicalcomposition,carburizing by the addition of carbon,nitriding by the addition of nitrogen and cyaniding bythe addition of both carbon and nitrogen.The last twomethods do n…     

Flexible Furnace Concepts for Vacuum Heat Treatment Combined with High-pressure Gas Quenching

IN the past five years the process combination of vacuum hardening, respectively vacuum carburizing with high-pressure gas quenching was successfully introduced to the market, especially in the manufacture of gears. In the meantime furnace concepts for various applications are available to the industry. In the following report three plant varieties are introduced, which differ in process flexibility and throughput. This report also explains criteria for the selection of a furnace in view of the existing application requirements. Besides this a short introduction is given into the vacuum carburizing process and the high-pressure gas quenching technology.     

Computer Simulation of the Process of Quenching Large-Size Parts in Water and Aqueous Solutions

DESPITE of the rapid development of computerfacilities and numerical methods of computing thestress-strain state of large-size parts,the accuracy ofcomputations is not sufficient because of the lack ofaccurate input data.For this reason,heat treatingengineers do not trust computations and are afraid ofquenching of large-size parts in water,in particular,when Bi—>°°.There are some causes of suchsituation:1)Because of inaccurate boundary conditions andincomplete information on mechanical p…     

Dry and clean age hardening of aluminum alloys by high-pressure gas quenching

When precipitation-hardenable aluminum parts are water quenched, distortion occurs due to thermal stresses. Thereby, a costly reworking is necessary, and for this reason polymer quenchants are often used to reduce distortion, with the disadvantage that the quenched parts have to be cleaned after quenching. In opposition to liquid quenchants, gas quenching may decrease distortion due to the better temperature uniformity during quenching. Furthermore, cleaning of the quenched parts can be avoided because it is a dry process. For this purpose, a heat-treating process was evaluated that included a high-pressure gasquenching step. Gas quenching was applied to different aluminum alloys (i.e., 2024, 6013, 7075, and A357.0), and tensile tests have been carried out to determine the mechanical properties after solution annealing, gas quenching, and aging. Besides high-pressure gas quenching, alloy 2024 was quenched at ambient pressure in a gas nozzle field. The high velocity at the gas outlet leads to an accelerated cooling of the aluminum alloy in this case. Aluminum castings and forgings can be classified as an interesting field of application of these quenching methods due to their near-net shape before the heat treatment. Cost savings would be possible due to the reduced distortion, and therefore, less reworking after the precipitation hardening.     

正火--影响渗碳齿轮热处理畸变的一个重要因素

列举了影响渗碳齿轮热处理畸变的各种因素，强调了正火这个易被忽视的重要因素。正火处理不当是渗碳齿轮无规律热处理畸变的主要原因，采用严格控制工艺参数的等温正火或利用锻造(轧制)余热等温正火是减小渗碳齿轮畸变的有效措施。     

淬火工艺有限元模拟中弹塑性比例系数的计算方法

淬火过程是一个温度、相变、应力应变相互影响的材料非线性过程。根据淬火过程的特点,提出了一种新的计算弹塑性比例系数的方法,使用该方法可以求解过渡单元的弹塑性比。在模拟过程中,为了提高计算精度、减少计算时间,提出了两种加速弹塑性比例系数收敛的方法:弹性逼近法和插值方法。应用弹性逼近法和插值方法对无相变冷却过程和有相变冷却过程进行有限元模拟,将模拟所得应力变化曲线与实验结果相比较。结果表明,弹性逼近法和插值方法可以显著减少弹塑性比例系数的迭代次数,计算得到的应力值与实验结果吻合较好。     

激光淬火铁基烧结材料的摩擦与磨损

研究了两种不同成分铁基烧结材料经宽带激光表面处理后的显微组织和摩擦学特性。结果表明，铁基烧结材料的耐磨性显著提高。两种材料相比，在较低载荷下，组织为孪晶马氏体／位错马氏体混合材料具有较好的摩擦学特性。而在较高载荷下，组织为马氏体／下贝氏体复相的材料具有较好的摩擦学特性。