Therapeutic Effects of hiPSC-Derived Glial and Neuronal Progenitor Cells-Conditioned Medium in Experimental Ischemic Stroke in Rats

Transplantation of various types of stem cells as a possible therapy for stroke has been tested for years, and the results are promising. Recent investigations have shown that the administration of the conditioned media obtained after stem cell cultivation can also be effective in the therapy of the central nervous system pathology (hypothesis of their paracrine action). The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the conditioned medium of hiPSC-derived glial and neuronal progenitor cells in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of the ischemic stroke. Secretory activity of the cultured neuronal and glial progenitor cells was evaluated by proteomic and immunosorbent-based approaches. Therapeutic effects were assessed by overall survival, neurologic deficit and infarct volume dynamics, as well as by the end-point values of the apoptosis- and inflammation-related gene expression levels, the extent of microglia/macrophage infiltration and the numbers of formed blood vessels in the affected area of the brain. As a result, 31% of the protein species discovered in glial progenitor cells-conditioned medium and 45% in neuronal progenitor cells-conditioned medium were cell type specific. The glial progenitor cell-conditioned media showed a higher content of neurotrophins (BDNF, GDNF, CNTF and NGF). We showed that intra-arterial administration of glial progenitor cells-conditioned medium promoted a faster decrease in neurological deficit compared to the control group, reduced microglia/macrophage infiltration, reduced expression of pro-apoptotic gene Bax and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene Tnf, increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine genes (Il4, Il10, Il13) and promoted the formation of blood vessels within the damaged area. None of these effects were exerted by the neuronal progenitor cell-conditioned media. The results indicate pronounced cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties of soluble factors secreted by glial progenitor cells.     

界面条件剧变的淬火过程三维温度场的计算机模拟

用有限单元法建立界面条件剧变的淬火过程三维瞬态温度场的计算机计算数学模型，并用Ｔ１０钢作为试验材料进行冷却曲线测试以验证数学模型。该模型较全面地考虑了淬火过程中界面换热系数剧烈变化及各种物性参数随温度而变化的非线性问题，包括了相变的计算及相变潜热与温度场变化的耦合计算。冷却曲线的计算结果与实测结果吻合较好，表明本数学模型和计算程序能正确预测复杂形状物体的非线性三维瞬态温度场变化。     

调质工艺对汽车大梁钢700L组织性能的影响

摘 要: 通过金属摆锤冲击和显微硬度试验,采用OM、SEM、TEM等表征手段,研究了不同调质工艺对700L汽车大梁钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着淬火温度的提高,粒状贝氏体(GB)组织有所减少,板条状贝氏体铁素体(BF)数量逐渐变多,板条宽度增加,铁素体基体及边界上的白色析出物数量增多;随着回火温度的提高,块状铁素体有所长大,马奥岛组织和残余奥氏体分解现象明显,且出现了数量较少的等轴状铁素体,回火析出物数量增多,回火温度超过600 ℃后粒子出现粗化长大现象。低温冲击功在不同淬火与回火条件下均表现为上下波动的状态,这主要与第二相粒子及基体组织规律性的变化有关;试验钢在经600 ℃回火后具有最佳低温冲击韧性,其主要原因是钢基体中存在数量较多的具有高密度位错的贝氏体铁素体(BF)与尺寸合适、分布均匀的第二相纳米粒子。     

Multidisciplinary optimization of gas-quenching process

Distortion as a result of the quenching process is predominantly due to the thermal gradient and phase transformations within the component. Compared with traditional liquid quenching, the thermal boundary conditions during gas quenching are relatively simple to control. By adjusting the gas-quenching furnace pressure, the flow speed, or the spray nozzle configuration, the heat-transfer coefficients can be designed in terms of both the component geometry and the quenching time. The purpose of this research is to apply the optimization methodology to design the gas-quenching process. The design objective is to minimize the distortion caused by quenching. Constraints on the average surface hardness, and its distribution and residual stress are imposed. The heat-transfer coefficients are used as design variables. DEFORM-HT is used to predict material response during quenching. The response surface method is used to obtain the analytical models of the objective function and constraints in terms of the design variables. Once the response surfaces of the objective and constraints are obtained, they are used to search for the optimum heat-transfer coefficients. This process is then used instead of the finite-element analysis. A one-gear blank case study is used to demonstrate the optimization scheme.     

45SiMnCrMo铸钢磨球强韧化的研究

利用Formastor-Digital全自动相变测量仪测定了ZG45SiMnCrMo钢的临界点,研究了该钢的余热淬火温度、回火温度对强韧性的影响和淬硬层分布.结果表明,45SiMnCrMo铸钢采用900℃淬火,300℃回火,强韧性最佳.     

STUDY OF MECHANISM OF RQ EMBRITTLEMENT OF Fe_(73.5)Cu_1-Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9 NANOCRYSTALLINE SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY

Rapidly quenching embrittlement (RQE) sometimes appears in Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy (FINEMET) during production process. As a re-sult of RQE the ductility of the as-quenched ribbon drops seriously. The mechanism of RQE has been elucidated in the recent works of current authors. It was believed that RQE is due to the structural relaxation but not related to a-Fe(Si) crystallization. In this paper, the high resolution TEM (HRTEM) method and image digital processing were applied to analyze the HRTEM images of two FINEMET rapidly quenched ribbons with different thicknesses in detail. In the thinner ductile sample, the ordering domains with the size of about 3nm are observed. In the thicker RQE sample, the metastable nanocrystalline domains with the size of 18nm are observed along with the structural relaxation. These domains seem to have Fe3B-like metastable phase struc-ture on nanometer scale. The result indicates that the local atomic ordering regions extend when RQE induced     

WZ型系列真空铝钎焊炉的研制

简要介绍了WZ型系列真空铝钎焊炉型号，规格等技术参数，并以WZLQH－30型真空铝钎焊炉为例介绍了真空铝钎焊炉的结构及其特点，总结了真空铝钎焊炉设计研究及调试过程中的一些经验体会。     

热管空冷器在淬火介质控温过程中的应用

针对连续淬火介质在工作中存在的冷却问题，提出由空气冷却代替水冷系统，研制出的热管空冷器可以精确控制连续淬火介质温度，保证热处理工件的金相组织和力学性能，在实际应用中取得较大成效。     

快淬工艺对无钴AB5型贮氢合金循环稳定性的影响

研究了快淬工艺对无钴AB5型LaxMm1-x(NiMnSiAlFe)4.9(x=0,0.45,0.75,1.0)合金微观结构及电化学循环稳定性的影响.结果表明快淬处理显著改善合金的成分均匀性,使晶粒细化,并显著提高合金的循环稳定性.当淬速从0m/s增加到28 m/s时,经300次充放循环后,x=0.45合金的容量衰减率D从0.28 mAh/g·c-1(c代表一次循环)下降到0.13mAh/g·c-1;x=1.0合金的容量衰减率D从0.3mAh/g·c-1下降到0.14mAh/g·c-1.     

冷却介质对ZG30CrMn2Si2NiMo组织和力学性能的影响

研究了不同冷却介质对ZG30CrMn2Si2NiMo铸钢力学性能及组织的影响.试验结果表明,奥氏体化后空冷ZG30CrMn2Si2NiMo组织为板条贝氏体型铁素体和残余奥氏体组织,奥氏体化后淬火ZG30CrMn2Si2NiMo组织为板条马氏体、贝氏体型铁素体和残余奥氏体组织.ZG30CrMn2Si2NiMo获得板条马氏体、贝氏体型铁素体和残余奥氏体组织时,具有良好的力学性能.